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All results from a given calculation for KCN (Potassium cyanide)

using model chemistry: PBEPBE/6-31G**

19 10 17 12 22

States and conformations

State Conformation minimum conformation conformer description state description
1 1 no C*V 1Σ
1 2 no C*V 1Σ
1 3 yes CS 1A'

Conformer 1 (C*V)

Jump to S1C2 S1C3
Energy calculated at PBEPBE/6-31G**
 hartrees
Energy at 0K-692.404811
Energy at 298.15K-692.404157
HF Energy-692.404811
Nuclear repulsion energy60.487736
The energy at 298.15K was derived from the energy at 0K and an integrated heat capacity that used the calculated vibrational frequencies.
Vibrational Frequencies calculated at PBEPBE/6-31G**
Mode Number Symmetry Frequency
(cm-1)
Scaled Frequency
(cm-1)
IR Intensities
(km mol-1)
Raman Act
4/u)
Dep P Dep U
1 Σ 2141 2112 2.56      
2 Σ 284 280 46.15      
3 Π 69 68 10.79      
3 Π 69 68 10.79      

Unscaled Zero Point Vibrational Energy (zpe) 1281.4 cm-1
Scaled (by 0.9863) Zero Point Vibrational Energy (zpe) 1263.8 cm-1
See section III.C.1 List or set vibrational scaling factors to change the scale factors used here.
See section III.C.2 Calculate a vibrational scaling factor for a given set of molecules to determine the least squares best scaling factor.
Rotational Constants (cm-1) from geometry optimized at PBEPBE/6-31G**
B
0.09737

See section I.F.4 to change rotational constant units
Geometric Data calculated at PBEPBE/6-31G**

Point Group is C∞v

Cartesians (Å)
Atom x (Å) y (Å) z (Å)
K1 0.000 0.000 1.318
C2 0.000 0.000 -1.288
N3 0.000 0.000 -2.472

Atom - Atom Distances (Å)
  K1 C2 N3
K12.60573.7900
C22.60571.1844
N33.79001.1844

picture of Potassium cyanide state 1 conformation 1
More geometry information
Calculated Bond Angles
atom1 atom2 atom3 angle atom1 atom2 atom3 angle
K1 C2 N3 180.000 K1 N3 C2 0.000
C2 K1 N3 0.000
Electronic energy levels
Charges, Dipole, Quadrupole and Polarizability
Charges from optimized geometry at PBEPBE/6-31G** Charges (e)
Number Element Mulliken CHELPG AIM ESP
1 K 0.621      
2 C -0.218      
3 N -0.404      


Electric dipole moments
Electric dipole components in Debye
(What's a Debye? See section VII.A.3)
  x y z Total
  0.000 0.000 11.539 11.539
CHELPG        
AIM        
ESP        


Electric Quadrupole moment
Quadrupole components in D Å
Primitive
 xyz
x -23.447 0.000 0.000
y 0.000 -23.447 0.000
z 0.000 0.000 -29.873
Traceless
 xyz
x 3.213 0.000 0.000
y 0.000 3.213 0.000
z 0.000 0.000 -6.426
Polar
3z2-r2-12.853
x2-y20.000
xy0.000
xz0.000
yz0.000


Polarizabilities
Components of the polarizability tensor.
Units are Å3 (Angstrom cubed)
Change units.
  x y z
x 3.997 0.000 0.000
y 0.000 3.997 0.000
z 0.000 0.000 8.800


<r2> (average value of r2) Å2
<r2> 101.712
(<r2>)1/2 10.085

Conformer 2 (C*V)

Jump to S1C1 S1C3
Energy calculated at PBEPBE/6-31G**
 hartrees
Energy at 0K-692.403495
Energy at 298.15K 
HF Energy-692.403495
Nuclear repulsion energy63.773179
The energy at 298.15K was derived from the energy at 0K and an integrated heat capacity that used the calculated vibrational frequencies.
Vibrational Frequencies calculated at PBEPBE/6-31G**
Mode Number Symmetry Frequency
(cm-1)
Scaled Frequency
(cm-1)
IR Intensities
(km mol-1)
Raman Act
4/u)
Dep P Dep U
1 Σ 2083 2054 71.71      
2 Σ 317 313 50.22      
3 Π 82i 81i 2.04      
3 Π 82i 81i 2.04      

Unscaled Zero Point Vibrational Energy (zpe) 1118.2 cm-1
Scaled (by 0.9863) Zero Point Vibrational Energy (zpe) 1102.9 cm-1
See section III.C.1 List or set vibrational scaling factors to change the scale factors used here.
See section III.C.2 Calculate a vibrational scaling factor for a given set of molecules to determine the least squares best scaling factor.
Rotational Constants (cm-1) from geometry optimized at PBEPBE/6-31G**
B
0.11205

See section I.F.4 to change rotational constant units
Geometric Data calculated at PBEPBE/6-31G**

Point Group is C∞v

Cartesians (Å)
Atom x (Å) y (Å) z (Å)
K1 0.000 0.000 1.223
C2 0.000 0.000 -2.429
N3 0.000 0.000 -1.237

Atom - Atom Distances (Å)
  K1 C2 N3
K13.65192.4592
C23.65191.1927
N32.45921.1927

picture of Potassium cyanide state 1 conformation 2
More geometry information
Calculated Bond Angles
atom1 atom2 atom3 angle atom1 atom2 atom3 angle
K1 C2 N3 0.000 K1 N3 C2 180.000
C2 K1 N3 0.000
Electronic energy levels
Charges, Dipole, Quadrupole and Polarizability
Charges from optimized geometry at PBEPBE/6-31G** Charges (e)
Number Element Mulliken CHELPG AIM ESP
1 K 0.655      
2 C -0.129      
3 N -0.525      


Electric dipole moments
Electric dipole components in Debye
(What's a Debye? See section VII.A.3)
  x y z Total
  0.000 0.000 11.550 11.550
CHELPG        
AIM        
ESP        


Electric Quadrupole moment
Quadrupole components in D Å
Primitive
 xyz
x -23.586 0.000 0.000
y 0.000 -23.586 0.000
z 0.000 0.000 -32.123
Traceless
 xyz
x 4.269 0.000 0.000
y 0.000 4.269 0.000
z 0.000 0.000 -8.537
Polar
3z2-r2-17.075
x2-y20.000
xy0.000
xz0.000
yz0.000


Polarizabilities
Components of the polarizability tensor.
Units are Å3 (Angstrom cubed)
Change units.
  x y z
x 4.182 0.000 0.000
y 0.000 4.182 0.000
z 0.000 0.000 9.515


<r2> (average value of r2) Å2
<r2> 91.021
(<r2>)1/2 9.541

Conformer 3 (CS)

Jump to S1C1 S1C2
Energy calculated at PBEPBE/6-31G**
 hartrees
Energy at 0K-692.411853
Energy at 298.15K-692.411765
HF Energy-692.411853
Nuclear repulsion energy68.222826
The energy at 298.15K was derived from the energy at 0K and an integrated heat capacity that used the calculated vibrational frequencies.
Vibrational Frequencies calculated at PBEPBE/6-31G**
Mode Number Symmetry Frequency
(cm-1)
Scaled Frequency
(cm-1)
IR Intensities
(km mol-1)
Raman Act
4/u)
Dep P Dep U
1 A' 2061 2032 15.10      
2 A' 303 299 58.47      
3 A' 192 189 1.68      

Unscaled Zero Point Vibrational Energy (zpe) 1277.6 cm-1
Scaled (by 0.9863) Zero Point Vibrational Energy (zpe) 1260.1 cm-1
See section III.C.1 List or set vibrational scaling factors to change the scale factors used here.
See section III.C.2 Calculate a vibrational scaling factor for a given set of molecules to determine the least squares best scaling factor.
Rotational Constants (cm-1) from geometry optimized at PBEPBE/6-31G**
ABC
1.84146 0.16375 0.15038

See section I.F.4 to change rotational constant units
Geometric Data calculated at PBEPBE/6-31G**

Point Group is Cs

Cartesians (Å)
Atom x (Å) y (Å) z (Å)
K1 0.000 1.044 0.000
C2 0.641 -1.571 0.000
N3 -0.549 -1.486 0.000

Atom - Atom Distances (Å)
  K1 C2 N3
K12.69172.5885
C22.69171.1935
N32.58851.1935

picture of Potassium cyanide state 1 conformation 3
More geometry information
Calculated Bond Angles
atom1 atom2 atom3 angle atom1 atom2 atom3 angle
K1 C2 N3 72.152 K1 N3 C2 81.814
C2 K1 N3 26.033
Electronic energy levels
Charges, Dipole, Quadrupole and Polarizability
Charges from optimized geometry at PBEPBE/6-31G** Charges (e)
Number Element Mulliken CHELPG AIM ESP
1 K 0.586      
2 C -0.143      
3 N -0.442      


Electric dipole moments
Electric dipole components in Debye
(What's a Debye? See section VII.A.3)
  x y z Total
  -0.473 9.644 0.000 9.655
CHELPG        
AIM        
ESP        


Electric Quadrupole moment
Quadrupole components in D Å
Primitive
 xyz
x -27.630 0.546 0.000
y 0.546 -25.752 0.000
z 0.000 0.000 -23.746
Traceless
 xyz
x -2.881 0.546 0.000
y 0.546 -0.064 0.000
z 0.000 0.000 2.945
Polar
3z2-r25.891
x2-y2-1.878
xy0.546
xz0.000
yz0.000


Polarizabilities
Components of the polarizability tensor.
Units are Å3 (Angstrom cubed)
Change units.
  x y z
x 5.100 -0.035 0.000
y -0.035 5.400 -0.000
z 0.000 -0.000 4.072


<r2> (average value of r2) Å2
<r2> 71.588
(<r2>)1/2 8.461