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All results from a given calculation for C4H8Cl2 (Butane, 1,2-dichloro-)

using model chemistry: PBEPBE/6-31G(2df,p)

19 10 17 12 22

States and conformations

State Conformation minimum conformation conformer description state description
1 1 yes C1 1A
Energy calculated at PBEPBE/6-31G(2df,p)
 hartrees
Energy at 0K-1077.035848
Energy at 298.15K-1077.044732
Nuclear repulsion energy357.011469
The energy at 298.15K was derived from the energy at 0K and an integrated heat capacity that used the calculated vibrational frequencies.
Vibrational Frequencies calculated at PBEPBE/6-31G(2df,p)
Mode Number Symmetry Frequency
(cm-1)
Scaled Frequency
(cm-1)
IR Intensities
(km mol-1)
Raman Act
4/u)
Dep P Dep U
1 A 3099 3068 2.02      
2 A 3071 3039 14.39      
3 A 3059 3027 23.94      
4 A 3031 3000 12.29      
5 A 3024 2993 1.11      
6 A 3011 2980 0.97      
7 A 2982 2951 22.46      
8 A 2972 2941 8.17      
9 A 1457 1442 6.23      
10 A 1448 1433 6.07      
11 A 1426 1412 3.63      
12 A 1419 1405 3.68      
13 A 1362 1348 2.99      
14 A 1346 1332 0.34      
15 A 1286 1272 4.74      
16 A 1273 1260 3.13      
17 A 1240 1227 8.18      
18 A 1197 1184 6.82      
19 A 1154 1142 15.42      
20 A 1099 1088 1.63      
21 A 1057 1046 1.36      
22 A 1034 1023 2.78      
23 A 1017 1006 1.40      
24 A 919 909 9.81      
25 A 810 802 5.83      
26 A 789 781 10.72      
27 A 719 712 52.78      
28 A 646 639 36.80      
29 A 448 443 1.73      
30 A 373 369 1.60      
31 A 286 283 0.07      
32 A 236 234 0.44      
33 A 209 207 2.65      
34 A 184 182 3.89      
35 A 111 109 3.35      
36 A 93 92 1.25      

Unscaled Zero Point Vibrational Energy (zpe) 24441.8 cm-1
Scaled (by 0.9897) Zero Point Vibrational Energy (zpe) 24190.1 cm-1
See section III.C.1 List or set vibrational scaling factors to change the scale factors used here.
See section III.C.2 Calculate a vibrational scaling factor for a given set of molecules to determine the least squares best scaling factor.
Rotational Constants (cm-1) from geometry optimized at PBEPBE/6-31G(2df,p)
ABC
0.10053 0.04317 0.03164

See section I.F.4 to change rotational constant units
Geometric Data calculated at PBEPBE/6-31G(2df,p)

Point Group is C1

Cartesians (Å)
Atom x (Å) y (Å) z (Å)
H1 0.799 0.975 1.514
H2 -1.180 -1.760 -0.193
H3 -0.985 -0.893 1.367
C4 -1.019 -0.780 0.274
H5 0.177 0.020 -1.344
Cl6 1.571 -1.369 -0.032
C7 0.254 -0.122 -0.254
C8 0.631 1.183 0.442
H9 2.747 1.264 -0.095
H10 2.044 2.837 0.357
H11 1.676 2.124 -1.231
C12 1.844 1.890 -0.166
H13 -0.256 1.839 0.381
Cl14 -2.471 0.226 -0.117

Atom - Atom Distances (Å)
  H1 H2 H3 C4 H5 Cl6 C7 C8 H9 H10 H11 C12 H13 Cl14
H13.78262.58642.81413.07692.91222.15051.10482.54392.52153.10232.18041.77323.7296
H23.78261.79561.09752.51662.78372.17843.51404.95745.64214.93144.74003.75922.3697
H32.58641.79561.09973.08742.95272.18142.78884.55174.90984.78844.25412.99392.3795
C42.81411.09751.09972.16472.67371.52722.57004.30054.74034.23743.93912.72911.8091
H53.07692.51663.08742.16472.36521.10172.17973.11643.78422.58602.76842.54382.9255
Cl62.91222.78372.95272.67372.36521.82762.76122.88424.25093.69473.27313.71494.3462
C72.15052.17842.18141.52721.10171.82761.52652.85643.51182.83152.56542.12282.7505
C81.10483.51402.78882.57002.17972.76121.52652.18472.17682.18511.52991.10513.2942
H92.54394.95744.55174.30053.11642.88422.85642.18471.78231.78251.10113.09515.3201
H102.52155.64214.90984.74033.78424.25093.51182.17681.78231.77951.10102.50795.2370
H113.10234.93144.78844.23742.58603.69472.83152.18511.78251.77951.10302.53214.6942
C122.18044.74004.25413.93912.76843.27312.56541.52991.10111.10101.10302.17144.6249
H131.77323.75922.99392.72912.54383.71492.12281.10513.09512.50792.53212.17142.7840
Cl143.72962.36972.37951.80912.92554.34622.75053.29425.32015.23704.69424.62492.7840

picture of Butane, 1,2-dichloro- state 1 conformation 1
More geometry information
Calculated Bond Angles
atom1 atom2 atom3 angle atom1 atom2 atom3 angle
H1 C8 C7 108.570 H1 C8 C12 110.669
H1 C8 H13 106.725 H2 C4 H3 109.616
H2 C4 C7 111.132 H2 C4 Cl14 106.650
H3 C4 C7 111.240 H3 C4 Cl14 107.248
C4 C7 H5 109.797 C4 C7 Cl6 105.335
C4 C7 C8 114.622 H5 C7 Cl6 104.972
H5 C7 C8 111.036 Cl6 C7 C8 110.499
C7 C4 Cl14 110.778 C7 C8 C12 114.149
C7 C8 H13 106.445 C8 C12 H9 111.232
C8 C12 H10 110.607 C8 C12 H11 111.146
H9 C12 H10 108.074 H9 C12 H11 107.951
H10 C12 H11 107.688 C12 C8 H13 109.943
Electronic energy levels
Charges, Dipole, Quadrupole and Polarizability
Charges from optimized geometry at PBEPBE/6-31G(2df,p) Charges (e)
Number Element Mulliken CHELPG AIM ESP
1 H 0.127      
2 H 0.176      
3 H 0.169      
4 C -0.217      
5 H 0.151      
6 Cl -0.177      
7 C -0.010      
8 C -0.199      
9 H 0.152      
10 H 0.133      
11 H 0.132      
12 C -0.424      
13 H 0.148      
14 Cl -0.162      


Electric dipole moments
Electric dipole components in Debye
(What's a Debye? See section VII.A.3)
  x y z Total
  0.319 0.638 0.243 0.753
CHELPG        
AIM        
ESP        


Electric Quadrupole moment
Quadrupole components in D Å
Primitive
 xyz
x -56.710 3.190 -0.228
y 3.190 -50.479 -0.190
z -0.228 -0.190 -50.077
Traceless
 xyz
x -6.432 3.190 -0.228
y 3.190 2.915 -0.190
z -0.228 -0.190 3.517
Polar
3z2-r27.034
x2-y2-6.232
xy3.190
xz-0.228
yz-0.190


Polarizabilities
Components of the polarizability tensor.
Units are Å3 (Angstrom cubed)
Change units.
  x y z
x 12.438 -0.843 0.144
y -0.843 10.547 -0.102
z 0.144 -0.102 8.101


<r2> (average value of r2) Å2
<r2> 0.000
(<r2>)1/2 0.000