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All results from a given calculation for C4H6O2 (γ–Butyrolactone)

using model chemistry: B3LYP/6-31+G**

19 10 17 12 22

States and conformations

State Conformation minimum conformation conformer description state description
1 1 yes C1 1A
Energy calculated at B3LYP/6-31+G**
 hartrees
Energy at 0K-306.514184
Energy at 298.15K 
HF Energy-306.514184
Nuclear repulsion energy239.851458
The energy at 298.15K was derived from the energy at 0K and an integrated heat capacity that used the calculated vibrational frequencies.
Vibrational Frequencies calculated at B3LYP/6-31+G**
Mode Number Symmetry Frequency
(cm-1)
Scaled Frequency
(cm-1)
IR Intensities
(km mol-1)
Raman Act
4/u)
Dep P Dep U
1 A 3141 3029 9.64      
2 A 3134 3022 23.37      
3 A 3121 3009 16.08      
4 A 3070 2960 23.79      
5 A 3060 2951 6.30      
6 A 3054 2945 40.41      
7 A 1854 1788 441.57      
8 A 1531 1476 0.50      
9 A 1506 1452 6.63      
10 A 1471 1419 8.66      
11 A 1398 1348 19.97      
12 A 1346 1298 1.58      
13 A 1308 1261 8.35      
14 A 1257 1212 9.33      
15 A 1219 1176 12.34      
16 A 1197 1154 3.22      
17 A 1172 1130 226.79      
18 A 1098 1059 7.78      
19 A 1057 1019 75.08      
20 A 1008 972 23.36      
21 A 933 900 5.46      
22 A 896 864 8.88      
23 A 876 845 18.14      
24 A 805 776 4.71      
25 A 679 654 4.31      
26 A 639 616 5.41      
27 A 533 514 3.98      
28 A 485 467 3.18      
29 A 203 196 2.34      
30 A 148 142 1.16      

Unscaled Zero Point Vibrational Energy (zpe) 21600.0 cm-1
Scaled (by 0.9642) Zero Point Vibrational Energy (zpe) 20826.7 cm-1
See section III.C.1 List or set vibrational scaling factors to change the scale factors used here.
See section III.C.2 Calculate a vibrational scaling factor for a given set of molecules to determine the least squares best scaling factor.
Rotational Constants (cm-1) from geometry optimized at B3LYP/6-31+G**
ABC
0.24202 0.11847 0.08455

See section I.F.4 to change rotational constant units
Geometric Data calculated at B3LYP/6-31+G**

Point Group is C1

Cartesians (Å)
Atom x (Å) y (Å) z (Å)
C1 0.889 -0.002 0.003
C2 -0.024 1.209 0.164
C3 -1.409 0.671 -0.213
C4 -1.275 -0.822 0.127
O5 0.127 -1.135 -0.046
O6 2.092 -0.030 -0.068
H7 0.337 2.035 -0.452
H8 0.027 1.529 1.212
H9 -1.589 0.799 -1.286
H10 -2.231 1.146 0.328
H11 -1.841 -1.484 -0.532
H12 -1.545 -1.037 1.168

Atom - Atom Distances (Å)
  C1 C2 C3 C4 O5 O6 H7 H8 H9 H10 H11 H12
C11.52542.40402.31701.36541.20522.15972.13332.90583.34023.15112.8894
C21.52541.53302.38622.35832.46271.09141.09712.17242.21433.32222.8927
C32.40401.53301.53762.37673.57292.22832.19741.09491.09282.22072.2008
C42.31702.38621.53761.44693.46373.33152.89872.17352.19731.09151.0963
O51.36542.35832.37671.44692.25343.20292.94812.86753.30192.05672.0686
O61.20522.46273.57293.46372.25342.73752.88703.96464.49724.21763.9703
H72.15971.09142.22833.33153.20292.73751.76612.43582.82734.13913.9501
H82.13331.09712.19742.89872.94812.88701.76613.06292.45483.95053.0099
H92.90582.17241.09492.17352.86753.96462.43583.06291.77082.41753.0647
H103.34022.21431.09282.19733.30194.49722.82732.45481.77082.79392.4373
H113.15113.32222.22071.09152.05674.21764.13913.95052.41752.79391.7816
H122.88942.89272.20081.09632.06863.97033.95013.00993.06472.43731.7816

picture of γ–Butyrolactone state 1 conformation 1
More geometry information
Calculated Bond Angles
atom1 atom2 atom3 angle atom1 atom2 atom3 angle
C1 C2 C3 103.633 C1 C2 H7 110.141
C1 C2 H8 107.751 C1 O5 C4 110.916
C2 C1 O5 109.210 C2 C1 O6 128.437
C2 C3 C4 101.993 C2 C3 H9 110.403
C2 C3 H10 113.923 C3 C2 H7 115.187
C3 C2 H8 112.272 C3 C4 O5 105.525
C3 C4 H11 114.197 C3 C4 H12 112.263
C4 C3 H9 110.168 C4 C3 H10 112.195
O5 C1 O6 122.352 O5 C4 H11 107.413
O5 C4 H12 108.064 H7 C2 H8 107.607
H9 C3 H10 108.078 H11 C4 H12 109.045
Electronic energy levels
Charges, Dipole, Quadrupole and Polarizability
Charges from optimized geometry at B3LYP/6-31+G** Charges (e)
Number Element Mulliken CHELPG AIM ESP
1 C 0.382      
2 C -0.211      
3 C -0.309      
4 C -0.061      
5 O -0.318      
6 O -0.473      
7 H 0.183      
8 H 0.184      
9 H 0.166      
10 H 0.155      
11 H 0.152      
12 H 0.150      


Electric dipole moments
Electric dipole components in Debye
(What's a Debye? See section VII.A.3)
  x y z Total
  -4.680 1.660 0.425 4.984
CHELPG        
AIM        
ESP        


Electric Quadrupole moment
Quadrupole components in D Å
Primitive
 xyz
x -41.473 1.921 0.275
y 1.921 -35.835 -0.131
z 0.275 -0.131 -33.927
Traceless
 xyz
x -6.592 1.921 0.275
y 1.921 1.864 -0.131
z 0.275 -0.131 4.727
Polar
3z2-r29.455
x2-y2-5.637
xy1.921
xz0.275
yz-0.131


Polarizabilities
Components of the polarizability tensor.
Units are Å3 (Angstrom cubed)
Change units.
  x y z
x 9.041 0.376 -0.096
y 0.376 7.371 0.035
z -0.096 0.035 5.998


<r2> (average value of r2) Å2
<r2> 141.293
(<r2>)1/2 11.887