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All results from a given calculation for C4H6O2 (γ–Butyrolactone)

using model chemistry: B3LYP/cc-pVTZ

19 10 17 12 22

States and conformations

State Conformation minimum conformation conformer description state description
1 1 yes C1 1A
Energy calculated at B3LYP/cc-pVTZ
 hartrees
Energy at 0K-306.609565
Energy at 298.15K 
HF Energy-306.609565
Nuclear repulsion energy240.747052
The energy at 298.15K was derived from the energy at 0K and an integrated heat capacity that used the calculated vibrational frequencies.
Vibrational Frequencies calculated at B3LYP/cc-pVTZ
Mode Number Symmetry Frequency
(cm-1)
Scaled Frequency
(cm-1)
IR Intensities
(km mol-1)
Raman Act
4/u)
Dep P Dep U
1 A 3125 3021 9.43      
2 A 3114 3010 25.92      
3 A 3104 3000 16.46      
4 A 3059 2957 22.44      
5 A 3047 2946 5.90      
6 A 3036 2935 39.56      
7 A 1858 1796 402.43      
8 A 1530 1479 0.66      
9 A 1503 1453 5.69      
10 A 1469 1420 7.96      
11 A 1398 1352 16.27      
12 A 1346 1301 0.90      
13 A 1307 1264 5.87      
14 A 1261 1219 7.12      
15 A 1221 1180 9.22      
16 A 1200 1160 2.87      
17 A 1163 1124 216.66      
18 A 1099 1063 9.20      
19 A 1054 1019 75.98      
20 A 1009 975 20.58      
21 A 933 902 4.89      
22 A 895 865 8.19      
23 A 874 845 20.19      
24 A 803 776 4.07      
25 A 684 661 4.29      
26 A 642 620 4.82      
27 A 537 519 3.29      
28 A 490 473 3.02      
29 A 200 194 1.71      
30 A 147 142 1.12      

Unscaled Zero Point Vibrational Energy (zpe) 21554.1 cm-1
Scaled (by 0.9666) Zero Point Vibrational Energy (zpe) 20834.2 cm-1
See section III.C.1 List or set vibrational scaling factors to change the scale factors used here.
See section III.C.2 Calculate a vibrational scaling factor for a given set of molecules to determine the least squares best scaling factor.
Rotational Constants (cm-1) from geometry optimized at B3LYP/cc-pVTZ
ABC
0.24364 0.11939 0.08514

See section I.F.4 to change rotational constant units
Geometric Data calculated at B3LYP/cc-pVTZ

Point Group is C1

Cartesians (Å)
Atom x (Å) y (Å) z (Å)
C1 0.889 -0.002 0.003
C2 -0.023 1.205 0.162
C3 -1.405 0.669 -0.210
C4 -1.269 -0.821 0.124
O5 0.128 -1.132 -0.044
O6 2.082 -0.030 -0.068
H7 0.334 2.027 -0.453
H8 0.029 1.526 1.205
H9 -1.589 0.800 -1.276
H10 -2.222 1.140 0.333
H11 -1.834 -1.474 -0.537
H12 -1.547 -1.038 1.158

Atom - Atom Distances (Å)
  C1 C2 C3 C4 O5 O6 H7 H8 H9 H10 H11 H12
C11.52162.39962.31141.36271.19532.15292.12562.90173.33033.14222.8879
C21.52161.52792.37892.35102.45141.08671.09262.16422.20653.30852.8888
C32.39961.52791.53312.37103.55892.21982.18901.09011.08812.21012.1918
C42.31142.37891.53311.44143.44853.31902.89162.16562.18961.08731.0922
O51.36272.35102.37101.44142.24313.19222.93812.86333.29012.05212.0638
O61.19532.45143.55893.44852.24312.72662.87283.95254.47794.20013.9607
H72.15291.08672.21983.31903.19222.72661.75832.42562.81784.11933.9404
H82.12561.09262.18902.89162.93812.87281.75833.04982.44483.93753.0098
H92.90172.16421.09012.16562.86333.95252.42563.04981.76282.40373.0501
H103.33032.20651.08812.18963.29014.47792.81782.44481.76282.78162.4239
H113.14223.30852.21011.08732.05214.20014.11933.93752.40372.78161.7730
H122.88792.88882.19181.09222.06383.96073.94043.00983.05012.42391.7730

picture of γ–Butyrolactone state 1 conformation 1
More geometry information
Calculated Bond Angles
atom1 atom2 atom3 angle atom1 atom2 atom3 angle
C1 C2 C3 103.791 C1 C2 H7 110.142
C1 C2 H8 107.673 C1 O5 C4 111.001
C2 C1 O5 109.070 C2 C1 O6 128.521
C2 C3 C4 102.008 C2 C3 H9 110.396
C2 C3 H10 113.964 C3 C2 H7 115.171
C3 C2 H8 112.241 C3 C4 O5 105.671
C3 C4 H11 113.929 C3 C4 H12 112.122
C4 C3 H9 110.145 C4 C3 H10 112.198
O5 C1 O6 122.407 O5 C4 H11 107.663
O5 C4 H12 108.308 H7 C2 H8 107.574
H9 C3 H10 108.052 H11 C4 H12 108.876
Electronic energy levels
Charges, Dipole, Quadrupole and Polarizability
Charges from optimized geometry at B3LYP/cc-pVTZ Charges (e)
Number Element Mulliken CHELPG AIM ESP
1 C 0.262      
2 C -0.218      
3 C -0.199      
4 C 0.017      
5 O -0.208      
6 O -0.277      
7 H 0.120      
8 H 0.118      
9 H 0.104      
10 H 0.102      
11 H 0.096      
12 H 0.084      


Electric dipole moments
Electric dipole components in Debye
(What's a Debye? See section VII.A.3)
  x y z Total
  -4.311 1.471 0.376 4.571
CHELPG        
AIM        
ESP        


Electric Quadrupole moment
Quadrupole components in D Å
Primitive
 xyz
x -40.730 1.745 0.247
y 1.745 -35.422 -0.087
z 0.247 -0.087 -33.672
Traceless
 xyz
x -6.183 1.745 0.247
y 1.745 1.779 -0.087
z 0.247 -0.087 4.404
Polar
3z2-r28.808
x2-y2-5.308
xy1.745
xz0.247
yz-0.087


Polarizabilities
Components of the polarizability tensor.
Units are Å3 (Angstrom cubed)
Change units.
  x y z
x 8.771 0.383 -0.072
y 0.383 7.243 0.012
z -0.072 0.012 5.937


<r2> (average value of r2) Å2
<r2> 140.171
(<r2>)1/2 11.839