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Comparison of levels of theory for Cl-Ge


Click on an entry for a histogram of the values.
The subscript refers to how many bonds of that type have been calculated.
average calculated bond lengths (Å)
Methods with predefined basis sets
semi-empirical AM1 2.0648
4
PM3 2.1931
4
PM6 2.1279
8
composite G2 2.1388
8
G3 2.1556
7
G3B3 2.1722
8
G4 2.1560
8
CBS-Q 2.1373
8

average calculated bond lengths (Å)
Methods with standard basis sets
STO-3G 3-21G 3-21G* 6-31G 6-31G* 6-31G** 6-31+G** 6-311G* 6-311G** 6-31G(2df,p) 6-311+G(3df,2p) TZVP cc-pVDZ cc-pVTZ cc-pVQZ aug-cc-pVDZ aug-cc-pVTZ aug-cc-pVQZ cc-pV(T+d)Z aug-cc-pV(T+d)Z daug-cc-pVDZ daug-cc-pVTZ
hartree fock HF 2.1295
8
2.2179
8
2.1479
8
2.2132
8
2.1390
8
2.1388
8
2.1371
8
2.1404
8
2.1404
8
2.1197
8
2.1503
4
2.1607
4
2.1462
8
2.1357
8
2.1523
4
2.1520
8
2.1367
8
2.1524
4
2.1834
2
2.0563
1
2.1753
4
2.1366
8
ROHF   2.2941
1
2.2122
1
2.2968
1
2.2033
1
2.2033
1
2.1931
1
2.2062
1
2.2062
1
  2.1879
1
2.2011
1
2.2091
1
2.1925
1
2.1900
1
2.2174
1
2.1944
1
2.1900
1
    2.2170
1
2.1941
1
density functional LSDA 2.1058
7
2.1402
6
2.1458
7
2.2118
7
2.1383
7
2.1383
7
2.1376
7
2.1399
7
2.1399
7
2.1174
7
  2.1704
1
2.1486
7
2.1334
7
  2.1508
7
2.1297
6
  2.1692
2
2.0532
1
   
BLYP 2.1312
8
2.2469
8
2.1924
8
2.2664
8
2.1909
8
2.1913
8
2.1897
8
2.1921
8
2.1921
8
2.1659
8
2.1950
4
2.2097
4
2.1983
8
2.1837
8
  2.2213
4
2.2022
4
  2.2351
2
2.1022
1
2.2211
4
2.2018
4
B1B95 2.1148
8
2.1676
4
2.1455
8
2.2111
8
2.1361
8
2.1361
8
2.1343
8
2.1388
8
2.1388
8
2.1164
8
2.1454
4
2.1581
4
2.1451
8
2.1331
8
  2.1488
8
2.1339
8
  2.1812
2
2.0588
1
2.1691
4
2.1513
4
B3LYP 2.1234
8
2.2272
8
2.1679
8
2.2379
8
2.1634
8
2.1634
8
2.1616
8
2.1646
8
2.1646
8
2.1410
8
2.1697
4
2.1833
4
2.1713
8
2.1577
8
2.1727
4
2.1751
8
2.1586
8
2.1726
4
2.2077
2
2.0786
1
2.1951
4
2.1762
4
B3LYPultrafine   2.2511
4
    2.1634
8
2.1842
4
2.1774
4
2.1850
4
  2.1559
4
2.1697
4
2.1833
4
2.1899
4
2.1753
4
  2.1954
4
2.1610
8
  2.2077
2
2.0786
1
2.1951
4
2.1762
4
B3PW91 2.1207
8
2.2190
8
2.1564
8
2.2222
8
2.1471
8
2.1471
8
2.1450
8
2.1480
8
2.1480
8
2.1259
8
2.1536
4
2.1669
4
2.1558
8
2.1428
8
  2.1792
4
2.1606
4
  2.1909
2
2.0667
1
2.1788
4
2.1603
4
mPW1PW91 2.1185
8
2.2145
8
2.1510
8
2.2158
8
2.1410
8
2.1410
8
2.1390
8
2.1421
8
2.1421
8
2.1204
8
2.1481
4
2.1612
4
2.1496
8
2.1371
8
  2.1534
8
2.1379
8
  2.1846
2
2.0620
1
2.1732
4
2.1547
4
M06-2X 2.1145
8
2.2071
8
2.1474
8
2.2165
8
2.1430
8
2.1430
8
2.1414
8
2.1471
8
2.1471
8
2.1258
8
2.1374
8
2.1666
4
2.1517
8
2.1427
8
  2.1570
8
2.1437
8
  2.1895
2
2.0672
1
2.1775
4
2.1614
4
PBEPBE 2.1222
8
2.2322
8
2.1730
8
2.2413
8
2.1651
8
2.1651
8
2.1632
8
2.1663
8
2.1663
8
2.1415
8
2.1701
4
2.1847
4
2.1730
8
2.1596
8
  2.1765
8
2.1606
8
  2.2084
2
2.0843
1
2.1957
4
2.1772
4
PBEPBEultrafine   2.2557
4
    2.1854
4
2.1854
4
2.1785
4
2.1862
4
  2.1556
4
2.1701
4
2.1847
4
2.1913
4
2.1764
4
  2.1961
4
2.1776
4
  2.2084
2
2.0843
1
2.1957
4
2.1772
4
PBE1PBE 2.1052
4
2.1721
4
2.1721
4
2.2424
4
2.1608
4
2.1608
4
2.1533
4
2.1614
4
2.1614
4
2.1329
4
2.1474
4
2.1605
4
2.1675
4
2.1532
4
  2.1727
4
2.1543
4
  2.1836
2
2.0620
1
2.1723
4
2.1540
4
HSEh1PBE 2.1168
8
2.2149
8
2.1515
8
2.2178
8
2.1423
8
2.1423
8
2.1404
8
2.1436
8
2.1436
8
2.1213
8
2.1493
4
2.1627
4
2.1508
8
2.1381
8
  2.1546
8
2.1389
8
  2.1861
2
2.0630
1
2.1745
4
2.1558
4
TPSSh 2.1059
4
2.2484
4
2.1818
4
2.2522
4
2.1514
8
2.1709
4
2.1496
8
2.1712
4
2.1712
4
2.1281
8
2.1565
4
2.1704
4
2.1780
4
2.1464
8
2.1595
4
2.1825
4
2.1629
4
2.1594
4
2.1930
2
2.0697
1
2.1820
4
2.1627
4
wB97X-D 2.1034
4
2.2330
4
2.1522
8
2.2368
4
2.1408
8
2.1602
4
2.1393
8
2.1605
4
2.1425
8
2.1331
4
2.1468
4
2.1435
8
2.1462
8
2.1374
8
2.1499
4
2.1726
4
2.1383
8
2.1498
4
2.1848
2
2.0589
1
2.1722
4
2.1537
4
B97D3 2.1376
4
2.2308
8
2.1999
4
2.2749
4
2.1697
8
2.1919
4
2.1677
8
2.1931
4
2.1722
8
2.1629
4
2.1595
8
2.1710
8
2.1980
4
2.1648
8
2.1801
4
2.2028
4
2.1641
8
2.1797
4
2.2161
2
2.0855
1
2.2025
4
2.1642
8
STO-3G 3-21G 3-21G* 6-31G 6-31G* 6-31G** 6-31+G** 6-311G* 6-311G** 6-31G(2df,p) 6-311+G(3df,2p) TZVP cc-pVDZ cc-pVTZ cc-pVQZ aug-cc-pVDZ aug-cc-pVTZ aug-cc-pVQZ cc-pV(T+d)Z aug-cc-pV(T+d)Z daug-cc-pVDZ daug-cc-pVTZ
Moller Plesset perturbation MP2 2.1402
8
2.2417
8
2.1426
8
2.2439
8
2.1411
8
2.1405
8
2.1390
8
2.1372
8
2.1373
8
2.1234
8
2.1518
4
2.1477
4
2.1467
8
2.1233
8
2.1347
4
2.1598
8
2.1256
8
2.1329
4
2.1670
2
2.0522
1
2.1810
4
2.1411
4
MP2=FULL 2.1393
8
2.2415
8
2.1411
8
2.2439
8
2.1356
8
2.1356
8
2.1340
8
2.1309
8
2.1309
8
2.1009
8
2.1353
4
2.1486
4
2.1444
8
2.1146
8
2.1246
4
2.1565
8
2.1085
8
2.1173
4
2.1568
2
2.0406
1
2.1776
4
2.1249
4
ROMP2 2.1589
1
2.1882
1
2.1882
1
2.3122
1
2.1880
1
2.1880
1
2.1800
1
2.1892
1
2.1892
1
2.1623
1
2.1790
1
2.1767
1
2.1927
1
2.1648
1
  2.2135
1
        2.2129
1
2.1667
1
MP3         2.1419
8
  2.1419
8
      2.0604
1
2.0568
1
2.0725
1
2.0529
1
        2.1732
2
2.0531
1
2.0864
1
2.0547
1
MP3=FULL   2.1827
1
2.0699
1
2.1707
1
2.1386
8
2.0608
1
2.1376
8
2.0565
1
2.0565
1
2.0344
1
2.0510
1
2.0590
1
2.0713
1
2.0480
1
  2.0855
1
2.0466
1
  2.1647
2
2.0442
1
2.0843
1
2.0433
1
MP4   2.2519
8
    2.1502
8
      2.1461
8
  2.0722
1
2.0689
1
2.0858
1
2.1316
8
  2.1001
1
2.0642
1
  2.1758
2
2.0622
1
2.0995
1
2.0636
1
MP4=FULL   2.2043
1
    2.0750
1
      2.0679
1
  2.0583
1
  2.0842
1
2.0549
1
  2.0979
1
2.0531
1
  2.1658
2
2.0514
1
2.0968
1
2.0506
1
B2PLYP 2.1249
4
2.2571
4
2.1764
4
2.2662
4
2.1730
4
2.1730
4
2.1665
4
2.1734
4
2.1734
4
2.1474
4
2.1618
4
2.1688
4
2.1783
4
2.1606
4
  2.1886
4
2.1628
4
  2.1909
2
2.0692
1
2.1881
4
2.1622
4
B2PLYP=FULL 2.1242
4
2.2570
4
2.1759
4
2.2663
4
2.1711
4
2.1710
4
2.1645
4
2.1707
4
2.1707
4
2.1390
4
2.1563
4
2.1691
4
2.1775
4
2.1578
4
  2.1875
4
2.1587
4
  2.1877
2
2.0655
1
2.1870
4
2.1572
4
B2PLYP=FULLultrafine 2.1242
4
2.2571
4
2.1759
4
2.2663
4
2.1504
8
2.1710
4
2.1644
4
2.1707
4
2.1707
4
2.1390
4
2.1563
4
2.1691
4
2.1586
8
2.1405
8
  2.1875
4
2.1438
9
  2.1877
2
2.0655
1
2.1870
4
2.1572
4
Configuration interaction CID   2.2367
8
2.1419
8
2.2380
8
2.1378
8
    2.1347
8
    2.1470
4
  2.1643
4
2.1397
4
        2.1677
2
2.0491
1
2.1778
4
2.1405
4
CISD   2.2389
8
2.1431
8
2.2407
8
2.1391
8
    2.1360
8
    2.1480
4
  2.1659
4
2.1403
4
        2.1679
2
2.0496
1
2.1789
4
2.1409
4
STO-3G 3-21G 3-21G* 6-31G 6-31G* 6-31G** 6-31+G** 6-311G* 6-311G** 6-31G(2df,p) 6-311+G(3df,2p) TZVP cc-pVDZ cc-pVTZ cc-pVQZ aug-cc-pVDZ aug-cc-pVTZ aug-cc-pVQZ cc-pV(T+d)Z aug-cc-pV(T+d)Z daug-cc-pVDZ daug-cc-pVTZ
Quadratic configuration interaction QCISD   2.2492
8
2.1496
8
2.2536
8
2.1472
8
2.1472
8
2.1458
8
2.1431
8
2.1431
8
2.1272
8
2.1552
4
2.1568
4
2.1535
8
2.1296
8
  2.1656
8
2.1312
8
  2.1740
2
2.0573
1
2.1878
4
2.1470
4
QCISD(T)         2.1511
8
    2.1677
4
    2.1593
4
2.1608
4
2.1569
8
2.1330
8
  2.1929
4
2.1522
4
  2.1772
2
2.0631
1
2.1921
4
2.1512
4
QCISD(T)=FULL         2.1667
4
  2.1603
4
      2.1468
4
  2.1733
4
2.1413
4
2.1357
4
2.1898
4
2.1410
4
2.1295
4
2.1684
2
2.0522
1
2.1887
4
2.1371
4
Coupled Cluster CCD   2.2434
8
2.1456
8
2.2462
8
2.1430
8
2.1430
8
2.1416
8
2.1390
8
2.1390
8
2.1247
8
2.1517
4
2.1518
4
2.1499
8
2.1273
8
  2.1623
8
2.1290
8
  2.1720
2
2.0522
1
2.1833
4
2.1442
4
CCSD         2.1454
8
2.1640
4
2.1577
4
2.1608
4
2.1608
4
2.1399
4
2.1536
4
2.1547
4
2.1520
8
2.1287
8
2.1391
4
2.1862
4
2.1466
4
2.1371
4
2.1737
2
2.0554
1
2.1855
4
2.1456
4
CCSD=FULL         2.1600
4
        2.1186
4
2.1417
4
2.1560
4
2.1678
4
2.1368
4
2.1310
4
2.1833
4
2.1352
4
2.1246
4
2.1645
2
2.0449
1
2.1822
4
2.1313
4
CCSD(T)         2.1500
8
2.1693
4
2.1630
4
2.1659
4
2.1659
4
2.1431
4
2.1581
4
2.1592
4
2.1559
8
2.1322
8
2.1431
4
2.1689
8
2.1514
4
2.1412
4
2.1765
2
2.0612
1
2.1905
4
2.1501
4
CCSD(T)=FULL         2.1459
8
          2.1458
4
2.1604
4
2.1537
8
2.1248
8
2.1348
4
2.1658
8
2.1245
8
2.1287
4
2.1676
2
2.0515
1
2.1871
4
2.1360
4
STO-3G 3-21G 3-21G* 6-31G 6-31G* 6-31G** 6-31+G** 6-311G* 6-311G** 6-31G(2df,p) 6-311+G(3df,2p) TZVP cc-pVDZ cc-pVTZ cc-pVQZ aug-cc-pVDZ aug-cc-pVTZ aug-cc-pVQZ cc-pV(T+d)Z aug-cc-pV(T+d)Z daug-cc-pVDZ daug-cc-pVTZ

average calculated bond lengths (Å)
Methods with effective core potentials (select basis sets)
CEP-31G CEP-31G* CEP-121G CEP-121G* LANL2DZ SDD cc-pVTZ-PP aug-cc-pVTZ-PP Def2TZVPP
hartree fock HF 2.2239
8
  2.2296
8
  2.2200
8
2.2454
8
2.1871
3
  2.1322
8
ROHF             2.1925
1
  2.1891
1
density functional LSDA             2.1701
3
   
BLYP             2.2360
3
  2.1967
4
B1B95             2.1828
3
  2.1470
4
B3LYP 2.2537
8
  2.2547
8
  2.2463
8
2.2679
8
2.2092
3
  2.1564
8
B3LYPultrafine             2.2092
3
  2.1715
4
B3PW91             2.1921
3
  2.1558
4
mPW1PW91             2.1859
3
  2.1502
4
M06-2X             2.1952
3
  2.1563
4
PBEPBE             2.2090
3
  2.1579
8
PBEPBEultrafine             2.2090
3
  2.1721
4
PBE1PBE             2.1847
3
  2.1495
4
HSEh1PBE             2.1870
3
  2.1515
4
TPSSh             2.1942
3
  2.1585
4
wB97X-D 2.2534
4
  2.2553
4
  2.2521
4
2.2700
4
2.1856
3
  2.1494
4
B97D3             2.2183
3
  2.1790
4
Moller Plesset perturbation MP2 2.2580
8
  2.2657
8
  2.2453
8
2.2756
8
2.1658
3
  2.1238
8
MP2=FULL             2.1582
3
  2.1384
4
ROMP2             2.1622
1
  2.1658
1
MP3             2.1716
3
  2.0545
1
MP3=FULL             2.1656
3
  2.0548
1
MP4             2.1739
3
  2.0628
1
MP4=FULL             2.1664
3
  2.0618
1
B2PLYP             2.1914
3
  2.1586
4
B2PLYP=FULL             2.1891
3
  2.1581
4
B2PLYP=FULLultrafine             2.1891
3
  2.1581
4
Configuration interaction CID             2.1686
3
  2.1402
4
CISD             2.1687
3
  2.1404
4
Quadratic configuration interaction QCISD             2.1732
3
  2.1470
4
QCISD(T)             2.1757
3
  2.1502
4
QCISD(T)=FULL             2.1687
3
  2.1491
4
Coupled Cluster CCD             2.1713
3
  2.1441
4
CCSD             2.1723
3
  2.1456
4
CCSD=FULL             2.1656
3
  2.1446
4
CCSD(T)             2.1749
3
  2.1491
4
CCSD(T)=FULL             2.1683
3
  2.1482
4
For descriptions of the methods (AM1, HF, MP2, ...) and basis sets (3-21G, 3-21G*, 6-31G, ...) see the glossary in section I.C. Predefined means the basis set used is determined by the method.