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All results from a given calculation for CH3CH2CH2CH3 (Butane)

using model chemistry: CID/6-31G*

19 10 17 12 22

States and conformations

State Conformation minimum conformation conformer description state description
1 1 yes Anti 1Ag
1 2 no Gauche 1A

Conformer 1 (Anti)

Jump to S1C2
Energy calculated at CID/6-31G*
 hartrees
Energy at 0K-157.796815
Energy at 298.15K-157.807606
HF Energy-157.298228
Nuclear repulsion energy130.893597
The energy at 298.15K was derived from the energy at 0K and an integrated heat capacity that used the calculated vibrational frequencies.
Vibrational Frequencies calculated at CID/6-31G*
Mode Number Symmetry Frequency
(cm-1)
Scaled Frequency
(cm-1)
IR Intensities
(km mol-1)
Raman Act
(Å4/u)
Dep P Dep U
Au 126 116 0.01      
Au 238 219 0.00      
Bu 273 252 0.03      
Bg 274 253 0.00      
Ag 445 411 0.00      
Au 767 709 3.16      
Bg 853 788 0.00      
Ag 890 822 0.00      
Au 1011 934 0.94      
Bu 1030 952 5.78      
Bu 1083 1000 0.24      
Ag 1132 1046 0.00      
Ag 1237 1142 0.00      
Bg 1285 1187 0.00      
Au 1363 1259 0.19      
Bu 1398 1291 2.39      
Bg 1402 1295 0.00      
Ag 1490 1376 0.00      
Bu 1509 1394 5.54      
Ag 1511 1395 0.00      
Ag 1583 1462 0.00      
Bu 1583 1463 2.26      
Bg 1590 1469 0.00      
Au 1591 1469 13.16      
Ag 1596 1474 0.00      
Bu 1604 1482 5.96      
Ag 3133 2894 0.00      
Bu 3139 2900 45.07      
Bu 3145 2905 69.29      
Ag 3147 2907 0.00      
Bg 3163 2921 0.00      
Au 3183 2940 24.58      
Bg 3219 2974 0.00      
Au 3223 2977 111.20      
Ag 3223 2977 0.00      
Bu 3224 2978 77.40      

Unscaled Zero Point Vibrational Energy (zpe) 30330.3 cm-1
Scaled (by 0.9237) Zero Point Vibrational Energy (zpe) 28016.1 cm-1
See section III.C.1 List or set vibrational scaling factors to change the scale factors used here.
See section III.C.2 Calculate a vibrational scaling factor for a given set of molecules to determine the least squares best scaling factor.
Rotational Constants (cm-1) from geometry optimized at CID/6-31G*
ABC
0.78689 0.12164 0.11422

See section I.F.4 to change rotational constant units
Geometric Data calculated at CID/6-31G*

Point Group is C2h

Cartesians (Å)
Atom x (Å) y (Å) z (Å)
C1 -0.421 0.636 0.000
C2 0.421 -0.636 0.000
C3 0.421 1.907 0.000
C4 -0.421 -1.907 0.000
H5 -1.077 0.632 0.874
H6 -1.077 0.632 -0.874
H7 1.077 -0.632 0.874
H8 1.077 -0.632 -0.874
H9 -0.205 2.800 0.000
H10 1.063 1.950 0.881
H11 1.063 1.950 -0.881
H12 0.205 -2.800 0.000
H13 -1.063 -1.950 0.881
H14 -1.063 -1.950 -0.881

Atom - Atom Distances (Å)
  C1 C2 C3 C4 H5 H6 H7 H8 H9 H10 H11 H12 H13 H14
C11.52561.52472.54341.09321.09322.14882.14882.17452.16922.16923.49262.80672.8067
C21.52562.54341.52472.14882.14881.09321.09323.49262.80672.80672.17452.16922.1692
C31.52472.54343.90642.15302.15302.76472.76471.09031.09091.09094.71224.22604.2260
C42.54341.52473.90642.76472.76472.15302.15304.71224.22604.22601.09031.09091.0909
H51.09322.14882.15302.76471.74862.49803.04922.49502.51393.06593.76662.58233.1222
H61.09322.14882.15302.76471.74863.04922.49802.49503.06592.51393.76663.12222.5823
H72.14881.09322.76472.15302.49803.04921.74863.76662.58233.12222.49502.51393.0659
H82.14881.09322.76472.15303.04922.49801.74863.76663.12222.58232.49503.06592.5139
H92.17453.49261.09034.71222.49502.49503.76663.76661.76251.76255.61484.90674.9067
H102.16922.80671.09094.22602.51393.06592.58233.12221.76251.76164.90674.44244.7790
H112.16922.80671.09094.22603.06592.51393.12222.58231.76251.76164.90674.77904.4424
H123.49262.17454.71221.09033.76663.76662.49502.49505.61484.90674.90671.76251.7625
H132.80672.16924.22601.09092.58233.12222.51393.06594.90674.44244.77901.76251.7616
H142.80672.16924.22601.09093.12222.58233.06592.51394.90674.77904.44241.76251.7616

picture of Butane state 1 conformation 1
More geometry information
Calculated Bond Angles
atom1 atom2 atom3 angle atom1 atom2 atom3 angle
C1 C2 C4 112.987 C1 C2 H7 109.158
C1 C2 H8 109.158 C1 C3 H9 111.439
C1 C3 H11 110.971 C1 C3 H12 30.892
C2 C1 C3 112.987 C2 C1 H5 109.158
C2 C1 H6 109.158 C2 C4 H10 17.263
C2 C4 H13 110.971 C2 C4 H14 110.971
C3 C1 H5 109.551 C3 C1 H6 109.551
C4 C2 H7 109.551 C4 C2 H8 109.551
H5 C1 H6 106.208 H7 C2 H8 106.208
H9 C3 H11 107.809 H9 C3 H12 142.330
H10 C4 H13 94.267 H10 C4 H14 114.264
H11 C3 H12 93.800 H13 C4 H14 107.679
Electronic energy levels

Electronic state

Charges, Dipole, Quadrupole and Polarizability

Conformer 2 (Gauche)

Jump to S1C1
Energy calculated at CID/6-31G*
 hartrees
Energy at 0K-157.795548
Energy at 298.15K 
Nuclear repulsion energy132.707953
The energy at 298.15K was derived from the energy at 0K and an integrated heat capacity that used the calculated vibrational frequencies.
Vibrational Frequencies calculated at CID/6-31G*
Mode Number Symmetry Frequency
(cm-1)
Scaled Frequency
(cm-1)
IR Intensities
(km mol-1)
Raman Act
(Å4/u)
Dep P Dep U
1 A 3236 2989 37.32      
2 A 3220 2975 0.40      
3 A 3175 2933 26.58      
4 A 3151 2911 14.31      
5 A 3139 2899 30.22      
6 A 1603 1481 0.50      
7 A 1599 1477 4.77      
8 A 1581 1460 0.23      
9 A 1510 1394 3.80      
10 A 1472 1360 0.12      
11 A 1386 1280 0.39      
12 A 1270 1173 0.08      
13 A 1154 1065 0.04      
14 A 1051 970 0.17      
15 A 881 813 0.02      
16 A 837 773 1.52      
17 A 336 311 0.02      
18 A 281 259 0.02      
19 A 116 107 0.00      
20 B 3227 2981 55.06      
21 B 3222 2976 85.11      
22 B 3180 2938 30.72      
23 B 3147 2907 22.16      
24 B 3136 2896 27.16      
25 B 1598 1476 10.88      
26 B 1590 1469 6.47      
27 B 1579 1459 0.67      
28 B 1513 1397 6.27      
29 B 1453 1342 2.14      
30 B 1361 1257 0.31      
31 B 1222 1129 2.49      
32 B 1025 947 0.10      
33 B 1018 940 3.29      
34 B 786 726 3.59      
35 B 456 421 0.33      
36 B 226 209 0.03      

Unscaled Zero Point Vibrational Energy (zpe) 30366.6 cm-1
Scaled (by 0.9237) Zero Point Vibrational Energy (zpe) 28049.7 cm-1
See section III.C.1 List or set vibrational scaling factors to change the scale factors used here.
See section III.C.2 Calculate a vibrational scaling factor for a given set of molecules to determine the least squares best scaling factor.
Rotational Constants (cm-1) from geometry optimized at CID/6-31G*
ABC
0.78689 0.12164 0.11422

See section I.F.4 to change rotational constant units
Geometric Data calculated at CID/6-31G*

Point Group is C2h

Electronic energy levels
Charges, Dipole, Quadrupole and Polarizability