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All results from a given calculation for C6H5CH3 (toluene)

using model chemistry: B3PW91/6-31G*

19 10 17 12 22

States and conformations

State Conformation minimum conformation conformer description state description
1 1 yes CS 1A'
Energy calculated at B3PW91/6-31G*
 hartrees
Energy at 0K-271.463420
Energy at 298.15K-271.471387
Nuclear repulsion energy269.010822
The energy at 298.15K was derived from the energy at 0K and an integrated heat capacity that used the calculated vibrational frequencies.
Vibrational Frequencies calculated at B3PW91/6-31G*
Mode Number Symmetry Frequency
(cm-1)
Scaled Frequency
(cm-1)
IR Intensities
(km mol-1)
Raman Act
4/u)
Dep P Dep U
1 A' 3219 3080 17.90      
2 A' 3198 3059 8.15      
3 A' 3183 3045 9.53      
4 A' 3116 2981 19.33      
5 A' 3051 2919 28.38      
6 A' 1679 1606 6.34      
7 A' 1550 1483 13.78      
8 A' 1513 1448 6.44      
9 A' 1435 1373 0.41      
10 A' 1246 1192 0.73      
11 A' 1214 1162 0.28      
12 A' 1070 1024 10.43      
13 A' 1064 1018 2.52      
14 A' 1017 973 0.09      
15 A' 994 951 0.04      
16 A' 910 871 0.39      
17 A' 805 770 0.69      
18 A' 745 713 44.72      
19 A' 711 680 15.13      
20 A' 527 504 0.64      
21 A' 475 454 6.46      
22 A' 210 201 2.02      
23 A" 3206 3067 43.24      
24 A" 3185 3047 6.43      
25 A" 3142 3006 15.25      
26 A" 1657 1585 0.36      
27 A" 1525 1459 12.78      
28 A" 1489 1424 0.07      
29 A" 1377 1317 0.01      
30 A" 1356 1297 0.06      
31 A" 1191 1140 0.05      
32 A" 1123 1074 5.34      
33 A" 1010 966 0.01      
34 A" 967 925 0.00      
35 A" 859 821 0.01      
36 A" 634 606 0.09      
37 A" 414 396 0.01      
38 A" 340 326 0.28      
39 A" 29 28 0.32      

Unscaled Zero Point Vibrational Energy (zpe) 28217.4 cm-1
Scaled (by 0.9567) Zero Point Vibrational Energy (zpe) 26995.5 cm-1
See section III.C.1 List or set vibrational scaling factors to change the scale factors used here.
See section III.C.2 Calculate a vibrational scaling factor for a given set of molecules to determine the least squares best scaling factor.
Rotational Constants (cm-1) from geometry optimized at B3PW91/6-31G*
ABC
0.18504 0.08396 0.05838

See section I.F.4 to change rotational constant units
Geometric Data calculated at B3PW91/6-31G*

Point Group is Cs

Cartesians (Å)
Atom x (Å) y (Å) z (Å)
C1 0.004 0.913 0.000
C2 0.008 0.194 1.201
C3 0.008 -1.199 1.204
C4 0.007 -1.902 0.000
C5 0.008 -1.199 -1.204
C6 0.008 0.194 -1.201
C7 -0.029 2.420 0.000
H8 0.012 0.735 2.145
H9 0.012 -1.736 2.149
H10 0.010 -2.989 0.000
H11 0.012 -1.736 -2.149
H12 0.012 0.735 -2.145
H13 -1.062 2.794 0.000
H14 0.465 2.833 0.886
H15 0.465 2.833 -0.886

Atom - Atom Distances (Å)
  C1 C2 C3 C4 C5 C6 C7 H8 H9 H10 H11 H12 H13 H14 H15
C11.39932.43122.81532.43121.39931.50712.15293.41163.90243.41162.15292.16132.16382.1638
C21.39931.39352.41592.77882.40122.52901.08852.15133.40243.86623.38943.05612.69623.3947
C32.43121.39351.39382.40722.77883.81412.15101.08742.15703.39533.86734.30494.07024.5641
C42.81532.41591.39381.39382.41594.32223.39942.15531.08712.15533.39944.81564.83884.8388
C52.43122.77882.40721.39381.39353.81413.86733.39532.15701.08742.15104.30494.56414.0702
C61.39932.40122.77882.41591.39352.52903.38943.86623.40242.15131.08853.05613.39472.6962
C71.50712.52903.81414.32223.81412.52902.72864.67935.40924.67932.72861.09811.09521.0952
H82.15291.08852.15103.39943.86733.38942.72862.47124.29774.95474.29103.16132.48883.7144
H93.41162.15131.08742.15533.39533.86624.67932.47122.48734.29784.95475.12764.76225.5040
H103.90243.40242.15701.08712.15703.40245.40924.29772.48732.48734.29775.88105.90655.9065
H113.41163.86623.39532.15531.08742.15134.67934.95474.29782.48732.47125.12765.50404.7622
H122.15293.38943.86733.39942.15101.08852.72864.29104.95474.29772.47123.16133.71442.4888
H132.16133.05614.30494.81564.30493.05611.09813.16135.12765.88105.12763.16131.76571.7657
H142.16382.69624.07024.83884.56413.39471.09522.48884.76225.90655.50403.71441.76571.7718
H152.16383.39474.56414.83884.07022.69621.09523.71445.50405.90654.76222.48881.76571.7718

picture of toluene state 1 conformation 1
More geometry information
Calculated Bond Angles
atom1 atom2 atom3 angle atom1 atom2 atom3 angle
C1 C2 C3 121.033 C1 C2 H8 119.331
C1 C6 C5 121.033 C1 C6 H12 119.331
C1 C7 H13 111.146 C1 C7 H14 111.523
C1 C7 H15 111.523 C2 C1 C6 118.180
C2 C1 C7 120.905 C2 C3 C4 120.165
C2 C3 H9 119.743 C3 C2 H8 119.637
C3 C4 C5 119.424 C3 C4 H10 120.288
C4 C3 H9 120.091 C4 C5 C6 120.165
C4 C5 H11 120.091 C5 C4 H10 120.288
C5 C6 H12 119.637 C6 C1 C7 120.905
C6 C5 H11 119.743 H13 C7 H14 107.229
H13 C7 H15 107.229 H14 C7 H15 107.974
Electronic energy levels

Electronic state

Charges, Dipole, Quadrupole and Polarizability
Charges from optimized geometry at B3PW91/6-31G* Charges (e)
Number Element Mulliken CHELPG AIM ESP
1 C 0.150     0.346
2 C -0.203     -0.282
3 C -0.161     -0.094
4 C -0.166     -0.159
5 C -0.161     -0.094
6 C -0.203     -0.282
7 C -0.590     -0.534
8 H 0.153     0.148
9 H 0.160     0.124
10 H 0.159     0.126
11 H 0.160     0.124
12 H 0.153     0.148
13 H 0.189     0.148
14 H 0.180     0.142
15 H 0.180     0.142


Electric dipole moments
Electric dipole components in Debye
(What's a Debye? See section VII.A.3)
  x y z Total
  -0.043 0.339 0.000 0.341
CHELPG        
AIM        
ESP -0.035 0.338 0.000 0.340


Electric Quadrupole moment
Quadrupole components in D Å
Primitive
 xyz
x -44.894 -0.117 0.000
y -0.117 -37.175 0.000
z 0.000 0.000 -37.650
Traceless
 xyz
x -7.481 -0.117 0.000
y -0.117 4.096 0.000
z 0.000 0.000 3.385
Polar
3z2-r26.769
x2-y2-7.718
xy-0.117
xz0.000
yz0.000


Polarizabilities
Components of the polarizability tensor.
Units are Å3 (Angstrom cubed)
Change units.
  x y z
x 4.596 -0.101 0.000
y -0.101 13.451 0.000
z 0.000 0.000 11.659


<r2> (average value of r2) Å2
<r2> 200.638
(<r2>)1/2 14.165