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All results from a given calculation for C6H5CH3 (toluene)

using model chemistry: PBEPBEultrafine/6-31G*

19 10 17 12 22

States and conformations

State Conformation minimum conformation conformer description state description
1 1 yes CS 1A'
Energy calculated at PBEPBEultrafine/6-31G*
 hartrees
Energy at 0K-271.196113
Energy at 298.15K-271.203883
Nuclear repulsion energy267.434147
The energy at 298.15K was derived from the energy at 0K and an integrated heat capacity that used the calculated vibrational frequencies.
Vibrational Frequencies calculated at PBEPBEultrafine/6-31G*
Mode Number Symmetry Frequency
(cm-1)
Scaled Frequency
(cm-1)
IR Intensities
(km mol-1)
Raman Act
4/u)
Dep P Dep U
1 A' 3138 3086 18.25      
2 A' 3117 3066 7.43      
3 A' 3102 3051 10.24      
4 A' 3042 2992 17.83      
5 A' 2978 2929 27.71      
6 A' 1623 1596 6.20      
7 A' 1502 1477 11.98      
8 A' 1469 1445 6.20      
9 A' 1388 1365 0.48      
10 A' 1212 1192 1.15      
11 A' 1180 1161 0.26      
12 A' 1035 1018 10.32      
13 A' 1035 1018 3.00      
14 A' 989 972 0.09      
15 A' 951 935 0.04      
16 A' 873 859 0.35      
17 A' 784 771 0.71      
18 A' 719 707 37.95      
19 A' 689 677 14.48      
20 A' 513 505 0.59      
21 A' 459 452 5.75      
22 A' 203 200 1.88      
23 A" 3125 3074 43.11      
24 A" 3104 3053 7.05      
25 A" 3069 3018 14.04      
26 A" 1602 1576 0.21      
27 A" 1481 1456 11.58      
28 A" 1444 1420 0.03      
29 A" 1363 1341 0.02      
30 A" 1314 1293 0.05      
31 A" 1158 1139 0.04      
32 A" 1092 1074 5.20      
33 A" 981 965 0.02      
34 A" 922 907 0.00      
35 A" 827 814 0.01      
36 A" 616 606 0.08      
37 A" 401 394 0.01      
38 A" 332 327 0.27      
39 A" 19 19 0.36      

Unscaled Zero Point Vibrational Energy (zpe) 27426.6 cm-1
Scaled (by 0.9835) Zero Point Vibrational Energy (zpe) 26974.0 cm-1
See section III.C.1 List or set vibrational scaling factors to change the scale factors used here.
See section III.C.2 Calculate a vibrational scaling factor for a given set of molecules to determine the least squares best scaling factor.
Rotational Constants (cm-1) from geometry optimized at PBEPBEultrafine/6-31G*
ABC
0.18274 0.08307 0.05773

See section I.F.4 to change rotational constant units
Geometric Data calculated at PBEPBEultrafine/6-31G*

Point Group is Cs

Cartesians (Å)
Atom x (Å) y (Å) z (Å)
C1 0.004 0.919 0.000
C2 0.007 0.196 1.208
C3 0.007 -1.206 1.211
C4 0.007 -1.913 0.000
C5 0.007 -1.206 -1.211
C6 0.007 0.196 -1.208
C7 -0.029 2.432 0.000
H8 0.012 0.741 2.159
H9 0.013 -1.747 2.163
H10 0.011 -3.008 0.000
H11 0.013 -1.747 -2.163
H12 0.012 0.741 -2.159
H13 -1.068 2.809 0.000
H14 0.468 2.847 0.893
H15 0.468 2.847 -0.893

Atom - Atom Distances (Å)
  C1 C2 C3 C4 C5 C6 C7 H8 H9 H10 H11 H12 H13 H14 H15
C11.40782.44572.83182.44571.40781.51282.16673.43343.92683.43342.16672.17302.17442.1744
C21.40781.40182.43032.79582.41602.54121.09652.16533.42403.89113.41123.07312.70873.4133
C32.44571.40181.40232.42202.79583.83372.16561.09542.17113.41733.89224.32924.09094.5890
C42.83182.43031.40231.40232.43034.34443.42142.16961.09502.16963.42144.84264.86434.8643
C52.44572.79582.42201.40231.40183.83373.89223.41732.17111.09542.16564.32924.58904.0909
C61.40782.41602.79582.43031.40182.54123.41123.89113.42402.16531.09653.07313.41332.7087
C71.51282.54123.83374.34443.83372.54122.74264.70555.43934.70552.74261.10601.10301.1030
H82.16671.09652.16563.42143.89223.41122.74262.48824.32634.98764.31873.17912.49913.7358
H93.43342.16531.09542.16963.41733.89114.70552.48822.50374.32644.98765.15814.78795.5361
H103.92683.42402.17111.09502.17113.42405.43934.32632.50372.50374.32635.91595.93975.9397
H113.43343.89113.41732.16961.09542.16534.70554.98764.32642.50372.48825.15815.53614.7879
H122.16673.41123.89223.42142.16561.09652.74264.31874.98764.32632.48823.17913.73582.4991
H132.17303.07314.32924.84264.32923.07311.10603.17915.15815.91595.15813.17911.77771.7777
H142.17442.70874.09094.86434.58903.41331.10302.49914.78795.93975.53613.73581.77771.7854
H152.17443.41334.58904.86434.09092.70871.10303.73585.53615.93974.78792.49911.77771.7854

picture of toluene state 1 conformation 1
More geometry information
Calculated Bond Angles
atom1 atom2 atom3 angle atom1 atom2 atom3 angle
C1 C2 C3 121.023 C1 C2 H8 119.291
C1 C6 C5 121.023 C1 C6 H12 119.291
C1 C7 H13 111.202 C1 C7 H14 111.500
C1 C7 H15 111.500 C2 C1 C6 118.198
C2 C1 C7 120.896 C2 C3 C4 120.156
C2 C3 H9 119.741 C3 C2 H8 119.685
C3 C4 C5 119.443 C3 C4 H10 120.278
C4 C3 H9 120.102 C4 C5 C6 120.156
C4 C5 H11 120.102 C5 C4 H10 120.278
C5 C6 H12 119.685 C6 C1 C7 120.896
C6 C5 H11 119.741 H13 C7 H14 107.177
H13 C7 H15 107.177 H14 C7 H15 108.067
Electronic energy levels
Charges, Dipole, Quadrupole and Polarizability
Charges from optimized geometry at PBEPBEultrafine/6-31G* Charges (e)
Number Element Mulliken CHELPG AIM ESP
1 C 0.176      
2 C -0.182      
3 C -0.137      
4 C -0.140      
5 C -0.137      
6 C -0.182      
7 C -0.577      
8 H 0.128      
9 H 0.135      
10 H 0.134      
11 H 0.135      
12 H 0.128      
13 H 0.181      
14 H 0.170      
15 H 0.170      


Electric dipole moments
Electric dipole components in Debye
(What's a Debye? See section VII.A.3)
  x y z Total
  -0.045 0.358 0.000 0.361
CHELPG        
AIM        
ESP        


Electric Quadrupole moment
Quadrupole components in D Å
Primitive
 xyz
x -44.878 -0.133 0.000
y -0.133 -37.465 0.000
z 0.000 0.000 -38.032
Traceless
 xyz
x -7.130 -0.133 0.000
y -0.133 3.990 0.000
z 0.000 0.000 3.140
Polar
3z2-r26.279
x2-y2-7.413
xy-0.133
xz0.000
yz0.000


Polarizabilities
Components of the polarizability tensor.
Units are Å3 (Angstrom cubed)
Change units.
  x y z
x 4.651 -0.109 0.000
y -0.109 13.917 0.000
z 0.000 0.000 11.954


<r2> (average value of r2) Å2
<r2> 202.781
(<r2>)1/2 14.240