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All results from a given calculation for C4H8Cl2 (Butane, 1,3-dichloro-)

using model chemistry: B3PW91/6-31G*

19 10 17 12 22

States and conformations

State Conformation minimum conformation conformer description state description
1 1 yes C1 1A
Energy calculated at B3PW91/6-31G*
 hartrees
Energy at 0K-1077.490615
Energy at 298.15K-1077.499687
Nuclear repulsion energy349.140285
The energy at 298.15K was derived from the energy at 0K and an integrated heat capacity that used the calculated vibrational frequencies.
Vibrational Frequencies calculated at B3PW91/6-31G*
Mode Number Symmetry Frequency
(cm-1)
Scaled Frequency
(cm-1)
IR Intensities
(km mol-1)
Raman Act
(Å4/u)
Dep P Dep U
1 A 3185 3047 5.70      
2 A 3165 3028 14.36      
3 A 3144 3008 19.35      
4 A 3124 2989 12.56      
5 A 3111 2976 10.42      
6 A 3100 2966 4.59      
7 A 3068 2935 21.60      
8 A 3063 2930 2.07      
9 A 1521 1455 4.14      
10 A 1515 1449 4.71      
11 A 1512 1446 7.86      
12 A 1499 1434 1.27      
13 A 1435 1373 6.82      
14 A 1412 1351 12.54      
15 A 1361 1302 7.35      
16 A 1340 1282 13.38      
17 A 1302 1246 19.28      
18 A 1285 1229 18.59      
19 A 1196 1145 8.50      
20 A 1141 1092 9.42      
21 A 1129 1080 2.29      
22 A 1080 1034 2.76      
23 A 1042 997 17.10      
24 A 971 929 2.23      
25 A 925 885 6.79      
26 A 790 755 11.27      
27 A 765 732 35.11      
28 A 631 603 31.42      
29 A 440 421 3.06      
30 A 411 393 5.76      
31 A 340 325 3.87      
32 A 257 246 0.43      
33 A 243 233 0.22      
34 A 152 145 2.34      
35 A 118 113 1.28      
36 A 78 75 3.69      

Unscaled Zero Point Vibrational Energy (zpe) 25423.6 cm-1
Scaled (by 0.9567) Zero Point Vibrational Energy (zpe) 24322.7 cm-1
See section III.C.1 List or set vibrational scaling factors to change the scale factors used here.
See section III.C.2 Calculate a vibrational scaling factor for a given set of molecules to determine the least squares best scaling factor.
Rotational Constants (cm-1) from geometry optimized at B3PW91/6-31G*
ABC
0.14779 0.03146 0.02703

See section I.F.4 to change rotational constant units
Geometric Data calculated at B3PW91/6-31G*

Point Group is C1

Cartesians (Å)
Atom x (Å) y (Å) z (Å)
C1 -2.177 1.517 -0.103
H2 -2.211 1.547 -1.196
H3 -3.189 1.336 0.270
H4 -1.844 2.496 0.261
C5 -1.218 0.442 0.381
H6 -1.221 0.398 1.475
Cl7 -1.843 -1.191 -0.136
C8 0.204 0.649 -0.133
H9 0.513 1.662 0.156
H10 0.208 0.610 -1.228
C11 1.202 -0.352 0.423
H12 1.231 -0.328 1.516
H13 0.978 -1.369 0.098
Cl14 2.871 0.021 -0.144

Atom - Atom Distances (Å)
  C1 H2 H3 H4 C5 H6 Cl7 C8 H9 H10 C11 H12 H13 Cl14
C11.09461.09331.09671.51912.15692.72802.53402.70622.78883.89744.19964.28015.2648
H21.09461.77521.77772.16613.07122.95812.78653.04292.59374.22824.76604.51025.4088
H31.09331.77521.77612.16692.49052.89163.48493.71783.78314.70724.88444.97076.2145
H41.09671.77771.77612.15082.50263.70842.78602.50253.16014.17394.35984.78845.3404
C51.51912.16612.16692.15081.09491.82321.52602.12972.15702.54802.80722.86044.1439
H62.15693.07122.49052.50261.09492.34692.16312.51883.06532.74652.55793.13914.4166
Cl72.72802.95812.89163.70841.82322.34692.75203.71142.94013.20823.59522.83634.8671
C82.53402.78653.48492.78601.52602.16312.75201.09801.09601.51972.17472.17362.7400
H92.70623.04293.71782.50252.12972.51883.71141.09801.76492.14572.51513.06692.8883
H102.78882.59373.78313.16012.15703.06532.94011.09601.76492.15503.07552.50422.9349
C113.89744.22824.70724.17392.54802.74653.20821.51972.14572.15501.09331.09091.8010
H124.19964.76604.88444.35982.80722.55793.59522.17472.51513.07551.09331.77692.3590
H134.28014.51024.97074.78842.86043.13912.83632.17363.06692.50421.09091.77692.3609
Cl145.26485.40886.21455.34044.14394.41664.86712.74002.88832.93491.80102.35902.3609

picture of Butane, 1,3-dichloro- state 1 conformation 1
More geometry information
Calculated Bond Angles
atom1 atom2 atom3 angle atom1 atom2 atom3 angle
C1 C5 H6 110.150 C1 C5 Cl7 109.078
C1 C5 C8 112.648 H2 C1 H3 108.457
H2 C1 H4 108.436 H2 C1 C5 110.895
H3 C1 H4 108.380 H3 C1 C5 111.037
H4 C1 C5 109.559 C5 C8 H9 107.386
C5 C8 H10 109.612 C5 C8 C11 113.568
H6 C5 Cl7 104.283 H6 C5 C8 110.157
Cl7 C5 C8 110.193 C8 C11 H12 111.629
C8 C11 H13 111.682 C8 C11 Cl14 110.921
H9 C8 H10 107.111 H9 C8 C11 109.043
H10 C8 C11 109.891 H12 C11 H13 108.888
H12 C11 Cl14 106.612 H13 C11 Cl14 106.864
Electronic energy levels
Charges, Dipole, Quadrupole and Polarizability
Charges from optimized geometry at B3PW91/6-31G* Charges (e)
Number Element Mulliken CHELPG AIM ESP
1 C -0.500     -0.441
2 H 0.194     0.137
3 H 0.198     0.143
4 H 0.182     0.135
5 C -0.259     0.090
6 H 0.215     0.099
7 Cl -0.082     -0.202
8 C -0.301     0.019
9 H 0.195     0.063
10 H 0.205     0.072
11 C -0.431     -0.243
12 H 0.215     0.142
13 H 0.241     0.151
14 Cl -0.072     -0.165


Electric dipole moments
Electric dipole components in Debye
(What's a Debye? See section VII.A.3)
  x y z Total
  -1.403 1.764 1.051 2.486
CHELPG        
AIM        
ESP -1.429 1.820 1.122 2.572


Electric Quadrupole moment
Quadrupole components in D Å
Primitive
 xyz
x -59.077 -3.874 0.090
y -3.874 -50.519 0.043
z 0.090 0.043 -49.751
Traceless
 xyz
x -8.942 -3.874 0.090
y -3.874 3.896 0.043
z 0.090 0.043 5.047
Polar
3z2-r210.094
x2-y2-8.559
xy-3.874
xz0.090
yz0.043


Polarizabilities
Components of the polarizability tensor.
Units are Å3 (Angstrom cubed)
Change units.
  x y z
x 0.000 0.000 0.000
y 0.000 0.000 0.000
z 0.000 0.000 0.000


<r2> (average value of r2) Å2
<r2> 368.424
(<r2>)1/2 19.194