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All results from a given calculation for C(CH3)3 (Tert-butyl radical)

using model chemistry: B3PW91/6-31G*

19 10 17 12 22

States and conformations

State Conformation minimum conformation conformer description state description
1 1 yes C3V 2A"
Energy calculated at B3PW91/6-31G*
 hartrees
Energy at 0K-157.742159
Energy at 298.15K-157.750566
Nuclear repulsion energy125.154446
The energy at 298.15K was derived from the energy at 0K and an integrated heat capacity that used the calculated vibrational frequencies.
Vibrational Frequencies calculated at B3PW91/6-31G*
Mode Number Symmetry Frequency
(cm-1)
Scaled Frequency
(cm-1)
IR Intensities
(km mol-1)
Raman Act
(Å4/u)
Dep P Dep U
1 A1 3067 2935 48.49      
2 A1 2972 2843 65.99      
3 A1 1513 1448 18.29      
4 A1 1449 1387 1.14      
5 A1 1105 1057 0.40      
6 A1 773 739 0.64      
7 A1 259 247 4.05      
8 A2 3112 2978 0.00      
9 A2 1496 1431 0.00      
10 A2 977 935 0.00      
11 A2 133 127 0.00      
12 E 3117 2982 47.06      
12 E 3117 2982 47.05      
13 E 3066 2933 18.78      
13 E 3066 2933 18.78      
14 E 2962 2834 37.44      
14 E 2962 2834 37.44      
15 E 1521 1455 2.79      
15 E 1521 1455 2.79      
16 E 1495 1430 3.25      
16 E 1495 1430 3.25      
17 E 1423 1361 4.03      
17 E 1423 1361 4.03      
18 E 1315 1258 6.54      
18 E 1315 1258 6.53      
19 E 1020 976 2.80      
19 E 1020 976 2.80      
20 E 947 906 0.44      
20 E 947 906 0.44      
21 E 379 363 0.05      
21 E 379 363 0.05      
22 E 130 124 0.00      
22 E 130 124 0.00      

Unscaled Zero Point Vibrational Energy (zpe) 25801.1 cm-1
Scaled (by 0.9567) Zero Point Vibrational Energy (zpe) 24683.9 cm-1
See section III.C.1 List or set vibrational scaling factors to change the scale factors used here.
See section III.C.2 Calculate a vibrational scaling factor for a given set of molecules to determine the least squares best scaling factor.
Rotational Constants (cm-1) from geometry optimized at B3PW91/6-31G*
ABC
0.26631 0.26631 0.14441

See section I.F.4 to change rotational constant units
Geometric Data calculated at B3PW91/6-31G*

Point Group is C3v

Cartesians (Å)
Atom x (Å) y (Å) z (Å)
C1 0.000 0.000 0.145
C2 0.000 1.485 -0.015
C3 1.286 -0.743 -0.015
C4 -1.286 -0.743 -0.015
H5 0.000 1.790 -1.078
H6 1.551 -0.895 -1.078
H7 -1.551 -0.895 -1.078
H8 -0.888 1.943 0.439
H9 0.888 1.943 0.439
H10 2.127 -0.202 0.439
H11 1.239 -1.741 0.439
H12 -1.239 -1.741 0.439
H13 -2.127 -0.202 0.439

Atom - Atom Distances (Å)
  C1 C2 C3 C4 H5 H6 H7 H8 H9 H10 H11 H12 H13
C11.49411.49411.49412.16852.16852.16852.15662.15662.15662.15662.15662.1566
C21.49412.57292.57291.10633.03363.03361.09741.09742.75293.48563.48562.7529
C31.49412.57292.57293.03361.10633.03363.48562.75291.09741.09742.75293.4856
C41.49412.57292.57293.03363.03361.10632.75293.48563.48562.75291.09741.0974
H52.16851.10633.03363.03363.10113.10111.76461.76463.28584.03804.03803.2858
H62.16853.03361.10633.03363.10113.10114.03803.28581.76461.76463.28584.0380
H72.16853.03363.03361.10633.10113.10113.28584.03804.03803.28581.76461.7646
H82.15661.09743.48562.75291.76464.03803.28581.77663.70064.25393.70062.4773
H92.15661.09742.75293.48561.76463.28584.03801.77662.47733.70064.25393.7006
H102.15662.75291.09743.48563.28581.76464.03803.70062.47731.77663.70064.2539
H112.15663.48561.09742.75294.03801.76463.28584.25393.70061.77662.47733.7006
H122.15663.48562.75291.09744.03803.28581.76463.70064.25393.70062.47731.7766
H132.15662.75293.48561.09743.28584.03801.76462.47733.70064.25393.70061.7766

picture of Tert-butyl radical state 1 conformation 1
More geometry information
Calculated Bond Angles
atom1 atom2 atom3 angle atom1 atom2 atom3 angle
C1 C2 H5 112.148 C1 C2 H8 111.738
C1 C2 H9 111.738 C1 C3 H6 112.148
C1 C3 H10 111.738 C1 C3 H11 111.738
C1 C4 H7 112.148 C1 C4 H12 111.738
C1 C4 H13 111.738 C2 C1 C3 118.868
C2 C1 C4 118.868 C3 C1 C4 118.868
H5 C2 H8 106.404 H5 C2 H9 106.404
H6 C3 H10 106.404 H6 C3 H11 106.404
H7 C4 H12 106.404 H7 C4 H13 106.404
H8 C2 H9 108.082 H10 C3 H11 108.082
H12 C4 H13 108.082
Electronic energy levels
Charges, Dipole, Quadrupole and Polarizability
Charges from optimized geometry at B3PW91/6-31G* Charges (e)
Number Element Mulliken CHELPG AIM ESP
1 C 0.126     0.294
2 C -0.548     -0.522
3 C -0.548     -0.443
4 C -0.548     -0.443
5 H 0.167     0.143
6 H 0.167     0.128
7 H 0.167     0.128
8 H 0.169     0.134
9 H 0.169     0.134
10 H 0.169     0.113
11 H 0.169     0.111
12 H 0.169     0.111
13 H 0.169     0.113


Electric dipole moments
Electric dipole components in Debye
(What's a Debye? See section VII.A.3)
  x y z Total
  0.000 0.000 -0.215 0.215
CHELPG        
AIM        
ESP -0.000 -0.251 0.000 0.251


Electric Quadrupole moment
Quadrupole components in D Å
Primitive
 xyz
x -26.829 0.000 0.000
y 0.000 -26.829 0.000
z 0.000 0.000 -27.660
Traceless
 xyz
x 0.416 0.000 0.000
y 0.000 0.416 0.000
z 0.000 0.000 -0.832
Polar
3z2-r2-1.663
x2-y20.000
xy0.000
xz0.000
yz0.000


Polarizabilities
Components of the polarizability tensor.
Units are Å3 (Angstrom cubed)
Change units.
  x y z
x 0.000 0.000 0.000
y 0.000 0.000 0.000
z 0.000 0.000 0.000


<r2> (average value of r2) Å2
<r2> 98.429
(<r2>)1/2 9.921