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All results from a given calculation for CH3CHCH2CH3 (2-Butyl radical)

using model chemistry: HF/6-31G*

19 10 17 12 22

States and conformations

State Conformation minimum conformation conformer description state description
1 1 yes C1 1A
Energy calculated at HF/6-31G*
 hartrees
Energy at 0K-156.670678
Energy at 298.15K-156.679493
HF Energy-156.670678
Nuclear repulsion energy122.132795
The energy at 298.15K was derived from the energy at 0K and an integrated heat capacity that used the calculated vibrational frequencies.
Vibrational Frequencies calculated at HF/6-31G*
Mode Number Symmetry Frequency
(cm-1)
Scaled Frequency
(cm-1)
IR Intensities
(km mol-1)
Raman Act
4/u)
Dep P Dep U
1 A 3316 2980 45.47      
2 A 3266 2935 52.86      
3 A 3261 2930 43.36      
4 A 3260 2930 52.84      
5 A 3219 2893 45.47      
6 A 3201 2876 32.00      
7 A 3193 2869 28.57      
8 A 3150 2831 54.56      
9 A 3130 2812 42.58      
10 A 1650 1482 2.17      
11 A 1643 1476 4.59      
12 A 1636 1470 2.46      
13 A 1628 1463 2.88      
14 A 1627 1462 2.37      
15 A 1569 1410 0.36      
16 A 1564 1405 1.97      
17 A 1543 1387 0.11      
18 A 1440 1294 10.19      
19 A 1399 1257 0.11      
20 A 1282 1152 0.43      
21 A 1201 1079 0.16      
22 A 1180 1061 1.42      
23 A 1102 990 0.18      
24 A 1072 963 0.35      
25 A 1060 952 2.45      
26 A 903 811 0.24      
27 A 837 752 0.58      
28 A 475 427 13.32      
29 A 445 400 3.51      
30 A 276 248 0.87      
31 A 259 233 0.05      
32 A 142 128 0.09      
33 A 75 67 0.07      

Unscaled Zero Point Vibrational Energy (zpe) 27502.6 cm-1
Scaled (by 0.8985) Zero Point Vibrational Energy (zpe) 24711.1 cm-1
See section III.C.1 List or set vibrational scaling factors to change the scale factors used here.
See section III.C.2 Calculate a vibrational scaling factor for a given set of molecules to determine the least squares best scaling factor.
Rotational Constants (cm-1) from geometry optimized at HF/6-31G*
ABC
0.88872 0.12107 0.11392

See section I.F.4 to change rotational constant units
Geometric Data calculated at HF/6-31G*

Point Group is C1

Cartesians (Å)
Atom x (Å) y (Å) z (Å)
C1 1.988 -0.049 -0.066
H2 2.082 -0.826 -0.820
H3 2.680 0.747 -0.319
H4 2.323 -0.482 0.879
C5 0.578 0.455 0.024
H6 0.423 1.453 0.403
C7 -0.574 -0.506 0.099
H8 -0.559 -1.028 1.059
H9 -0.446 -1.280 -0.656
C10 -1.935 0.167 -0.083
H11 -2.104 0.919 0.682
H12 -2.000 0.658 -1.049
H13 -2.742 -0.557 -0.020

Atom - Atom Distances (Å)
  C1 H2 H3 H4 C5 H6 C7 H8 H9 C10 H11 H12 H13
C11.08701.08511.09181.49992.21912.60762.95162.79103.92894.27064.16814.7570
H21.08701.75651.75062.14793.07242.82813.24742.57354.20254.77674.34924.8965
H31.08511.75651.75292.14952.47223.51203.94263.74154.65724.89034.73775.5842
H41.09181.75061.75292.15722.75313.00042.93933.26564.41344.64714.86915.1445
C51.49992.14792.14952.15721.07871.50242.13692.12672.53192.80022.80013.4708
H62.21913.07242.47222.75311.07872.21922.74833.05742.72962.59772.93473.7726
C72.60762.82813.51203.00041.50242.21921.09311.08861.52922.17052.16962.1715
H82.95163.24743.94262.93932.13692.74831.09311.73712.15082.51363.06022.4798
H92.79102.57353.74153.26562.12673.05741.08861.73712.15373.06162.51522.4894
C103.92894.20254.65724.41342.53192.72961.52922.15082.15371.08621.08561.0854
H114.27064.77674.89034.64712.80022.59772.17052.51363.06161.08621.75421.7540
H124.16814.34924.73774.86912.80012.93472.16963.06022.51521.08561.75421.7562
H134.75704.89655.58425.14453.47083.77262.17152.47982.48941.08541.75401.7562

picture of 2-Butyl radical state 1 conformation 1
More geometry information
Calculated Bond Angles
atom1 atom2 atom3 angle atom1 atom2 atom3 angle
C1 C5 H6 117.845 C1 C5 C7 120.577
H2 C1 H3 107.934 H2 C1 H4 106.926
H2 C1 C5 111.256 H3 C1 H4 107.267
H3 C1 C5 111.502 H4 C1 C5 111.721
C5 C7 H8 109.827 C5 C7 H9 109.294
C5 C7 C10 113.262 H6 C5 C7 117.654
C7 C10 H11 111.036 C7 C10 H12 111.008
C7 C10 H13 111.167 H8 C7 H9 105.531
H8 C7 C10 109.074 H9 C7 C10 109.563
H11 C10 H12 107.750 H11 C10 H13 107.742
H12 C10 H13 107.986
Electronic energy levels
Charges, Dipole, Quadrupole and Polarizability
Charges from optimized geometry at HF/6-31G* Charges (e)
Number Element Mulliken CHELPG AIM ESP
1 C -0.502      
2 H 0.163      
3 H 0.168      
4 H 0.161      
5 C -0.146      
6 H 0.161      
7 C -0.320      
8 H 0.157      
9 H 0.159      
10 C -0.481      
11 H 0.157      
12 H 0.163      
13 H 0.161      


Electric dipole moments
Electric dipole components in Debye
(What's a Debye? See section VII.A.3)
  x y z Total
  0.049 -0.104 0.196 0.227
CHELPG 0.057 -0.117 0.203 0.241
AIM 0.027 -0.003 0.091 0.095
ESP 0.058 -0.125 0.183 0.229


Electric Quadrupole moment
Quadrupole components in D Å
Primitive
 xyz
x -27.932 0.225 -0.004
y 0.225 -27.453 0.434
z -0.004 0.434 -27.932
Traceless
 xyz
x -0.240 0.225 -0.004
y 0.225 0.479 0.434
z -0.004 0.434 -0.239
Polar
3z2-r2-0.478
x2-y2-0.480
xy0.225
xz-0.004
yz0.434


Polarizabilities
Components of the polarizability tensor.
Units are Å3 (Angstrom cubed)
Change units.
  x y z
x 6.828 0.032 -0.046
y 0.032 5.871 0.115
z -0.046 0.115 5.206


<r2> (average value of r2) Å2
<r2> 116.837
(<r2>)1/2 10.809