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All results from a given calculation for CH3CHCH2CH3 (2-Butyl radical)

using model chemistry: M06-2X/6-31G*

19 10 17 12 22

States and conformations

State Conformation minimum conformation conformer description state description
1 1 yes C1 1A
Energy calculated at M06-2X/6-31G*
 hartrees
Energy at 0K-157.690956
Energy at 298.15K-157.699406
HF Energy-157.690956
Nuclear repulsion energy122.175721
The energy at 298.15K was derived from the energy at 0K and an integrated heat capacity that used the calculated vibrational frequencies.
Vibrational Frequencies calculated at M06-2X/6-31G*
Mode Number Symmetry Frequency
(cm-1)
Scaled Frequency
(cm-1)
IR Intensities
(km mol-1)
Raman Act
4/u)
Dep P Dep U
1 A 3197 3027 27.49      
2 A 3160 2993 25.89      
3 A 3156 2989 30.46      
4 A 3145 2978 17.66      
5 A 3092 2928 24.75      
6 A 3081 2918 25.26      
7 A 3067 2905 22.74      
8 A 3018 2858 33.79      
9 A 2990 2832 32.79      
10 A 1540 1458 3.21      
11 A 1529 1448 6.46      
12 A 1523 1443 4.43      
13 A 1510 1430 4.16      
14 A 1508 1428 3.15      
15 A 1453 1376 1.33      
16 A 1440 1364 4.04      
17 A 1429 1353 0.17      
18 A 1328 1257 7.36      
19 A 1287 1219 0.15      
20 A 1202 1138 0.51      
21 A 1157 1095 0.13      
22 A 1088 1031 0.42      
23 A 1057 1001 0.25      
24 A 995 943 2.61      
25 A 988 935 3.42      
26 A 866 820 0.19      
27 A 778 736 1.55      
28 A 431 408 0.88      
29 A 402 381 16.86      
30 A 251 238 1.29      
31 A 232 220 0.17      
32 A 98 93 0.07      
33 A 63 60 0.06      

Unscaled Zero Point Vibrational Energy (zpe) 26029.6 cm-1
Scaled (by 0.947) Zero Point Vibrational Energy (zpe) 24650.0 cm-1
See section III.C.1 List or set vibrational scaling factors to change the scale factors used here.
See section III.C.2 Calculate a vibrational scaling factor for a given set of molecules to determine the least squares best scaling factor.
Rotational Constants (cm-1) from geometry optimized at M06-2X/6-31G*
ABC
0.88012 0.12216 0.11483

See section I.F.4 to change rotational constant units
Geometric Data calculated at M06-2X/6-31G*

Point Group is C1

Cartesians (Å)
Atom x (Å) y (Å) z (Å)
C1 1.977 -0.046 -0.069
H2 2.062 -0.835 -0.826
H3 2.672 0.756 -0.332
H4 2.325 -0.481 0.882
C5 0.573 0.453 0.031
H6 0.409 1.462 0.404
C7 -0.568 -0.509 0.101
H8 -0.558 -1.037 1.070
H9 -0.430 -1.290 -0.659
C10 -1.926 0.167 -0.087
H11 -2.090 0.929 0.683
H12 -1.981 0.661 -1.062
H13 -2.743 -0.557 -0.023

Atom - Atom Distances (Å)
  C1 H2 H3 H4 C5 H6 C7 H8 H9 C10 H11 H12 H13
C11.09661.09391.10181.49302.22612.59202.94972.77303.90904.24944.14134.7479
H21.09661.77391.76402.14713.08532.80763.24022.53904.17814.75694.31704.8798
H31.09391.77391.76782.15162.48223.50513.95123.73094.64264.87274.71115.5812
H41.10181.76401.76782.15962.77032.99642.94143.25884.40804.63904.86035.1489
C51.49302.14712.15162.15961.08791.49412.13962.12682.51872.78322.78623.4677
H62.22613.08532.48222.77031.08792.22042.76103.06752.71522.57122.91623.7683
C72.59202.80763.50512.99641.49412.22041.10391.09901.52872.17292.17172.1795
H82.94973.24023.95122.94142.13962.76101.10391.75272.15922.52223.07472.4908
H92.77302.53903.73093.25882.12683.06751.09901.75272.16553.07892.52422.5082
C103.90904.17814.64264.40802.51872.71521.52872.15922.16551.09511.09431.0939
H114.24944.75694.87274.63902.78322.57122.17292.52223.07891.09511.76891.7702
H124.14134.31704.71114.86032.78622.91622.17173.07472.52421.09431.76891.7731
H134.74794.87985.58125.14893.46773.76832.17952.49082.50821.09391.77021.7731

picture of 2-Butyl radical state 1 conformation 1
More geometry information
Calculated Bond Angles
atom1 atom2 atom3 angle atom1 atom2 atom3 angle
C1 C5 H6 118.358 C1 C5 C7 120.387
H2 C1 H3 108.157 H2 C1 H4 106.714
H2 C1 C5 111.090 H3 C1 H4 107.239
H3 C1 C5 111.621 H4 C1 C5 111.783
C5 C7 H8 109.976 C5 C7 H9 109.257
C5 C7 C10 112.859 H6 C5 C7 117.763
C7 C10 H11 110.734 C7 C10 H12 110.684
C7 C10 H13 111.327 H8 C7 H9 105.434
H8 C7 C10 109.136 H9 C7 C10 109.914
H11 C10 H12 107.793 H11 C10 H13 107.929
H12 C10 H13 108.244
Electronic energy levels
Charges, Dipole, Quadrupole and Polarizability
Charges from optimized geometry at M06-2X/6-31G* Charges (e)
Number Element Mulliken CHELPG AIM ESP
1 C -0.516      
2 H 0.162      
3 H 0.168      
4 H 0.163      
5 C -0.107      
6 H 0.142      
7 C -0.316      
8 H 0.155      
9 H 0.153      
10 C -0.482      
11 H 0.157      
12 H 0.162      
13 H 0.159      


Electric dipole moments
Electric dipole components in Debye
(What's a Debye? See section VII.A.3)
  x y z Total
  0.070 -0.121 0.185 0.232
CHELPG        
AIM        
ESP        


Electric Quadrupole moment
Quadrupole components in D Å
Primitive
 xyz
x -27.290 0.193 -0.023
y 0.193 -27.099 0.392
z -0.023 0.392 -27.746
Traceless
 xyz
x 0.133 0.193 -0.023
y 0.193 0.418 0.392
z -0.023 0.392 -0.551
Polar
3z2-r2-1.102
x2-y2-0.191
xy0.193
xz-0.023
yz0.392


Polarizabilities
Components of the polarizability tensor.
Units are Å3 (Angstrom cubed)
Change units.
  x y z
x 7.382 0.038 -0.053
y 0.038 6.159 0.108
z -0.053 0.108 5.365


<r2> (average value of r2) Å2
<r2> 0.000
(<r2>)1/2 0.000