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All results from a given calculation for C4H8 (cyclobutane)

using model chemistry: PBEPBE/6-31G*

19 10 17 12 22

States and conformations

State Conformation minimum conformation conformer description state description
1 1 yes D2D 1A1
Energy calculated at PBEPBE/6-31G*
 hartrees
Energy at 0K-156.982715
Energy at 298.15K-156.991748
HF Energy-156.982715
Nuclear repulsion energy126.414071
The energy at 298.15K was derived from the energy at 0K and an integrated heat capacity that used the calculated vibrational frequencies.
Vibrational Frequencies calculated at PBEPBE/6-31G*
Mode Number Symmetry Frequency
(cm-1)
Scaled Frequency
(cm-1)
IR Intensities
(km mol-1)
Raman Act
4/u)
Dep P Dep U
1 A1 3038 2995 0.00      
2 A1 3005 2962 0.00      
3 A1 1501 1479 0.00      
4 A1 1150 1134 0.00      
5 A1 1015 1000 0.00      
6 A1 205 202 0.00      
7 A2 1218 1201 0.00      
8 A2 943 929 0.00      
9 B1 1235 1217 0.00      
10 B1 1138 1122 0.00      
11 B1 941 928 0.00      
12 B2 3068 3025 95.96      
13 B2 2998 2956 9.55      
14 B2 1470 1449 3.96      
15 B2 873 860 0.02      
16 B2 616 608 3.77      
17 E 3052 3008 20.19      
17 E 3052 3008 20.19      
18 E 2999 2956 78.32      
18 E 2999 2956 78.32      
19 E 1461 1440 0.28      
19 E 1461 1440 0.28      
20 E 1261 1243 0.84      
20 E 1261 1243 0.84      
21 E 1225 1207 0.54      
21 E 1225 1207 0.54      
22 E 911 898 2.45      
22 E 911 898 2.45      
23 E 742 731 0.69      
23 E 742 731 0.69      

Unscaled Zero Point Vibrational Energy (zpe) 23856.8 cm-1
Scaled (by 0.9857) Zero Point Vibrational Energy (zpe) 23515.6 cm-1
See section III.C.1 List or set vibrational scaling factors to change the scale factors used here.
See section III.C.2 Calculate a vibrational scaling factor for a given set of molecules to determine the least squares best scaling factor.
Rotational Constants (cm-1) from geometry optimized at PBEPBE/6-31G*
ABC
0.35392 0.35392 0.21051

See section I.F.4 to change rotational constant units
Geometric Data calculated at PBEPBE/6-31G*

Point Group is D2d

Cartesians (Å)
Atom x (Å) y (Å) z (Å)
C1 0.000 1.083 0.134
C2 0.000 -1.083 0.134
C3 -1.083 0.000 -0.134
C4 1.083 0.000 -0.134
H5 0.000 1.398 1.192
H6 0.000 1.986 -0.499
H7 0.000 -1.398 1.192
H8 0.000 -1.986 -0.499
H9 -1.398 0.000 -1.192
H10 -1.986 0.000 0.499
H11 1.398 0.000 -1.192
H12 1.986 0.000 0.499

Atom - Atom Distances (Å)
  C1 C2 C3 C4 H5 H6 H7 H8 H9 H10 H11 H12
C12.16591.55471.55471.10391.10322.69743.13392.21032.29162.21032.2916
C22.16591.55471.55472.69743.13391.10391.10322.21032.29162.21032.2916
C31.55471.55472.16592.21032.29162.21032.29161.10391.10322.69743.1339
C41.55471.55472.16592.21032.29162.21032.29162.69743.13391.10391.1032
H51.10392.69742.21032.21031.79032.79683.78363.09712.52593.09712.5259
H61.10323.13392.29162.29161.79033.78363.97262.52592.98132.52592.9813
H72.69741.10392.21032.21032.79683.78361.79033.09712.52593.09712.5259
H83.13391.10322.29162.29163.78363.97261.79032.52592.98132.52592.9813
H92.21032.21031.10392.69743.09712.52593.09712.52591.79032.79683.7836
H102.29162.29161.10323.13392.52592.98132.52592.98131.79033.78363.9726
H112.21032.21032.69741.10393.09712.52593.09712.52592.79683.78361.7903
H122.29162.29163.13391.10322.52592.98132.52592.98133.78363.97261.7903

picture of cyclobutane state 1 conformation 1
More geometry information
Calculated Bond Angles
atom1 atom2 atom3 angle atom1 atom2 atom3 angle
C1 C3 C2 88.301 C1 C3 H9 111.351
C1 C3 H10 118.134 C1 C4 C2 88.301
C1 C4 H11 111.351 C1 C4 H12 118.134
C2 C3 H9 111.351 C2 C3 H10 118.134
C2 C4 H11 111.351 C2 C4 H12 118.134
C3 C1 C4 88.301 C3 C1 H5 111.351
C3 C1 H6 118.134 C3 C2 C4 88.301
C3 C2 H7 111.351 C3 C2 H8 118.134
C4 C1 H5 111.351 C4 C1 H6 118.134
C4 C2 H7 111.351 C4 C2 H8 118.134
H5 C1 H6 108.423 H7 C2 H8 108.423
H9 C3 H10 108.423 H11 C4 H12 108.423
Electronic energy levels
Charges, Dipole, Quadrupole and Polarizability
Charges from optimized geometry at PBEPBE/6-31G* Charges (e)
Number Element Mulliken CHELPG AIM ESP
1 C -0.298      
2 C -0.298      
3 C -0.298      
4 C -0.298      
5 H 0.151      
6 H 0.147      
7 H 0.151      
8 H 0.147      
9 H 0.151      
10 H 0.147      
11 H 0.151      
12 H 0.147      


Electric dipole moments
Electric dipole components in Debye
(What's a Debye? See section VII.A.3)
  x y z Total
  0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000
CHELPG        
AIM        
ESP        


Electric Quadrupole moment
Quadrupole components in D Å
Primitive
 xyz
x -26.853 0.000 0.000
y 0.000 -26.853 0.000
z 0.000 0.000 -25.526
Traceless
 xyz
x -0.663 0.000 0.000
y 0.000 -0.663 0.000
z 0.000 0.000 1.327
Polar
3z2-r22.654
x2-y20.000
xy0.000
xz0.000
yz0.000


Polarizabilities
Components of the polarizability tensor.
Units are Å3 (Angstrom cubed)
Change units.
  x y z
x 6.283 0.000 0.000
y 0.000 6.283 0.000
z 0.000 0.000 5.876


<r2> (average value of r2) Å2
<r2> 75.354
(<r2>)1/2 8.681