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All results from a given calculation for C4H8Cl2 (Butane, 2,3-dichloro-, (r*,s*)-)

using model chemistry: B3PW91/6-31G*

19 10 17 12 22

States and conformations

State Conformation minimum conformation conformer description state description
1 1 yes CI 1Ag
Energy calculated at B3PW91/6-31G*
 hartrees
Energy at 0K-1077.491355
Energy at 298.15K-1077.500369
Nuclear repulsion energy368.174986
The energy at 298.15K was derived from the energy at 0K and an integrated heat capacity that used the calculated vibrational frequencies.
Vibrational Frequencies calculated at B3PW91/6-31G*
Mode Number Symmetry Frequency
(cm-1)
Scaled Frequency
(cm-1)
IR Intensities
(km mol-1)
Raman Act
4/u)
Dep P Dep U
1 Ag 3170 3033 0.00      
2 Ag 3162 3026 0.00      
3 Ag 3114 2979 0.00      
4 Ag 3079 2946 0.00      
5 Ag 1517 1451 0.00      
6 Ag 1516 1450 0.00      
7 Ag 1437 1375 0.00      
8 Ag 1408 1347 0.00      
9 Ag 1302 1245 0.00      
10 Ag 1191 1139 0.00      
11 Ag 1153 1103 0.00      
12 Ag 1043 998 0.00      
13 Ag 860 823 0.00      
14 Ag 710 679 0.00      
15 Ag 479 459 0.00      
16 Ag 347 332 0.00      
17 Ag 285 272 0.00      
18 Ag 235 225 0.00      
19 Au 3171 3034 15.99      
20 Au 3164 3027 28.53      
21 Au 3128 2993 7.96      
22 Au 3079 2945 18.25      
23 Au 1519 1453 19.50      
24 Au 1511 1446 10.21      
25 Au 1436 1374 23.86      
26 Au 1335 1278 4.85      
27 Au 1247 1193 39.92      
28 Au 1107 1059 11.60      
29 Au 1034 989 33.04      
30 Au 988 945 17.28      
31 Au 663 635 84.75      
32 Au 360 345 3.44      
33 Au 336 321 2.85      
34 Au 250 239 3.50      
35 Au 205 196 3.26      
36 Au 68 65 3.33      

Unscaled Zero Point Vibrational Energy (zpe) 25303.7 cm-1
Scaled (by 0.9567) Zero Point Vibrational Energy (zpe) 24208.1 cm-1
See section III.C.1 List or set vibrational scaling factors to change the scale factors used here.
See section III.C.2 Calculate a vibrational scaling factor for a given set of molecules to determine the least squares best scaling factor.
Rotational Constants (cm-1) from geometry optimized at B3PW91/6-31G*
ABC
0.12253 0.04719 0.03555

See section I.F.4 to change rotational constant units
Geometric Data calculated at B3PW91/6-31G*

Point Group is Ci

Cartesians (Å)
Atom x (Å) y (Å) z (Å)
Cl1 -0.957 1.188 -1.561
Cl2 0.957 -1.188 1.561
C3 -1.878 -0.439 0.405
C4 1.878 0.439 -0.405
C5 -0.657 0.392 0.052
C6 0.657 -0.392 -0.052
H7 -2.775 0.185 0.394
H8 2.775 -0.185 -0.394
H9 1.763 0.869 -1.404
H10 -1.763 -0.869 1.404
H11 -2.015 -1.254 -0.314
H12 2.015 1.254 0.314
H13 0.527 -1.218 -0.758
H14 -0.527 1.218 0.758

Atom - Atom Distances (Å)
  Cl1 Cl2 C3 C4 C5 C6 H7 H8 H9 H10 H11 H12 H13 H14
Cl14.36582.71293.15211.82322.71692.85184.14462.74393.69752.93873.51502.93902.3585
Cl24.36583.15212.71292.71691.82324.14462.85183.69752.74393.51502.93872.35852.9390
C32.71293.15213.94091.51882.57571.09324.72764.27081.09361.09504.24592.78242.1666
C43.15212.71293.94092.57571.51884.72761.09321.09364.27084.24591.09502.16662.7824
C51.82322.71691.51882.57571.53342.15573.50842.86402.15492.16502.81952.15621.0941
C62.71691.82322.57571.51881.53343.50842.15572.15492.86402.81952.16501.09412.1562
H72.85184.14461.09324.72762.15573.50845.61794.92921.77591.77474.90833.76832.5001
H84.14462.85184.72761.09323.50842.15575.61791.77594.92924.90831.77472.50013.7683
H92.74393.69754.27081.09362.86402.15494.92921.77594.83124.46861.77842.50993.1688
H103.69752.74391.09364.27082.15492.86401.77594.92924.83121.77844.46863.16882.5099
H112.93873.51501.09504.24592.16502.81951.77474.90834.46861.77844.78772.58093.0774
H123.51502.93874.24591.09502.81952.16504.90831.77471.77844.46864.78773.07742.5809
H132.93902.35852.78242.16662.15621.09413.76832.50012.50993.16882.58093.07743.0563
H142.35852.93902.16662.78241.09412.15622.50013.76833.16882.50993.07742.58093.0563

picture of Butane, 2,3-dichloro-, (r*,s*)- state 1 conformation 1
More geometry information
Calculated Bond Angles
atom1 atom2 atom3 angle atom1 atom2 atom3 angle
Cl1 C5 C3 108.190 Cl1 C5 C6 107.766
Cl1 C5 H14 105.130 Cl2 C6 C4 108.190
Cl2 C6 C5 107.766 Cl2 C6 H13 105.130
C3 C5 C6 115.101 C3 C5 H14 110.982
C4 C6 C5 115.101 C4 C6 H13 110.982
C5 C3 H7 110.173 C5 C3 H10 110.090
C5 C3 H11 110.808 C5 C6 H13 109.145
C6 C4 H8 110.173 C6 C4 H9 110.090
C6 C4 H12 110.808 C6 C5 H14 109.145
H7 C3 H10 108.611 H7 C3 H11 108.402
H8 C4 H9 108.611 H8 C4 H12 108.402
H9 C4 H12 108.699 H10 C3 H11 108.699
Electronic energy levels

Electronic state

Charges, Dipole, Quadrupole and Polarizability
Charges from optimized geometry at B3PW91/6-31G* Charges (e)
Number Element Mulliken CHELPG AIM ESP
1 Cl -0.073     -0.157
2 Cl -0.073     -0.146
3 C -0.504     -0.420
4 C -0.504     -0.520
5 C -0.245     -0.013
6 C -0.245     -0.060
7 H 0.197     0.146
8 H 0.197     0.176
9 H 0.208     0.171
10 H 0.208     0.140
11 H 0.189     0.140
12 H 0.189     0.170
13 H 0.227     0.194
14 H 0.227     0.177


Electric dipole moments
Electric dipole components in Debye
(What's a Debye? See section VII.A.3)
  x y z Total
  0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000
CHELPG        
AIM        
ESP -0.002 -0.000 0.003 0.004


Electric Quadrupole moment
Quadrupole components in D Å
Primitive
 xyz
x -49.875 2.082 -3.744
y 2.082 -52.705 3.608
z -3.744 3.608 -54.343
Traceless
 xyz
x 3.649 2.082 -3.744
y 2.082 -0.596 3.608
z -3.744 3.608 -3.053
Polar
3z2-r2-6.106
x2-y22.830
xy2.082
xz-3.744
yz3.608


Polarizabilities
Components of the polarizability tensor.
Units are Å3 (Angstrom cubed)
Change units.
  x y z
x 0.000 0.000 0.000
y 0.000 0.000 0.000
z 0.000 0.000 0.000


<r2> (average value of r2) Å2
<r2> 291.912
(<r2>)1/2 17.085