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All results from a given calculation for C4H6O2 (γ–Butyrolactone)

using model chemistry: B2PLYP/6-31G*

19 10 17 12 22

States and conformations

State Conformation minimum conformation conformer description state description
1 1 yes C1 1A
Energy calculated at B2PLYP/6-31G*
 hartrees
Energy at 0K-306.176751
Energy at 298.15K 
HF Energy-305.889667
Nuclear repulsion energy240.256371
The energy at 298.15K was derived from the energy at 0K and an integrated heat capacity that used the calculated vibrational frequencies.
Vibrational Frequencies calculated at B2PLYP/6-31G*
Mode Number Symmetry Frequency
(cm-1)
Scaled Frequency
(cm-1)
IR Intensities
(km mol-1)
Raman Act
(Å4/u)
Dep P Dep U
1 A 3182 3021 12.49      
2 A 3176 3015 24.97      
3 A 3164 3003 12.79      
4 A 3112 2953 19.65      
5 A 3099 2941 6.00      
6 A 3094 2937 41.09      
7 A 1879 1783 337.62      
8 A 1574 1494 0.46      
9 A 1546 1467 4.65      
10 A 1515 1438 7.30      
11 A 1426 1354 17.10      
12 A 1378 1308 2.03      
13 A 1338 1270 8.68      
14 A 1283 1218 8.72      
15 A 1245 1182 13.07      
16 A 1220 1158 4.45      
17 A 1193 1132 212.90      
18 A 1121 1064 9.22      
19 A 1079 1024 67.48      
20 A 1025 973 22.34      
21 A 954 906 4.85      
22 A 914 868 9.38      
23 A 893 848 17.17      
24 A 816 775 5.37      
25 A 683 649 4.66      
26 A 644 611 4.41      
27 A 534 506 3.58      
28 A 487 462 3.54      
29 A 215 204 2.47      
30 A 153 145 0.64      

Unscaled Zero Point Vibrational Energy (zpe) 21970.5 cm-1
Scaled (by 0.9492) Zero Point Vibrational Energy (zpe) 20854.4 cm-1
See section III.C.1 List or set vibrational scaling factors to change the scale factors used here.
See section III.C.2 Calculate a vibrational scaling factor for a given set of molecules to determine the least squares best scaling factor.
Rotational Constants (cm-1) from geometry optimized at B2PLYP/6-31G*
ABC
0.24258 0.11891 0.08505

See section I.F.4 to change rotational constant units
Geometric Data calculated at B2PLYP/6-31G*

Point Group is C1

Cartesians (Å)
Atom x (Å) y (Å) z (Å)
C1 0.887 -0.002 0.004
C2 -0.028 1.205 0.178
C3 -1.399 0.668 -0.232
C4 -1.272 -0.815 0.134
O5 0.123 -1.137 -0.045
O6 2.089 -0.029 -0.075
H7 0.339 2.044 -0.413
H8 -0.002 1.501 1.232
H9 -1.543 0.777 -1.310
H10 -2.236 1.151 0.275
H11 -1.847 -1.484 -0.506
H12 -1.539 -1.004 1.179

Atom - Atom Distances (Å)
  C1 C2 C3 C4 O5 O6 H7 H8 H9 H10 H11 H12
C11.52412.39362.31011.36841.20522.15892.13452.87063.34023.15152.8751
C21.52411.52802.37232.35672.46311.09011.09582.16602.21123.31762.8571
C32.39361.52801.53302.36843.56042.22432.18811.09341.09162.21572.1923
C42.31012.37231.53301.44273.45793.32702.86032.16682.19461.09011.0949
O51.36842.35672.36841.44272.25683.20922.93332.83543.30222.05322.0685
O61.20522.46313.56043.45792.25682.73362.90193.92034.49714.21893.9603
H72.15891.09012.22433.32703.20922.73361.76592.43992.81164.15203.9182
H82.13451.09582.18812.86032.93332.90191.76593.05972.45563.91612.9391
H92.87062.16601.09342.16682.83543.92032.43993.05971.77012.41963.0609
H103.34022.21121.09162.19463.30224.49712.81162.45561.77012.77612.4389
H113.15153.31762.21571.09012.05324.21894.15203.91612.41962.77611.7788
H122.87512.85712.19231.09492.06853.96033.91822.93913.06092.43891.7788

picture of γ–Butyrolactone state 1 conformation 1
More geometry information
Calculated Bond Angles
atom1 atom2 atom3 angle atom1 atom2 atom3 angle
C1 C2 C3 103.304 C1 C2 H7 110.239
C1 C2 H8 108.008 C1 O5 C4 110.494
C2 C1 O5 109.009 C2 C1 O6 128.587
C2 C3 C4 101.612 C2 C3 H9 110.336
C2 C3 H10 114.115 C3 C2 H7 115.310
C3 C2 H8 111.960 C3 C4 O5 105.440
C3 C4 H11 114.213 C3 C4 H12 111.994
C4 C3 H9 110.054 C4 C3 H10 112.388
O5 C1 O6 122.403 O5 C4 H11 107.496
O5 C4 H12 108.419 H7 C2 H8 107.776
H9 C3 H10 108.220 H11 C4 H12 108.988
Electronic energy levels
Charges, Dipole, Quadrupole and Polarizability
Charges from optimized geometry at B2PLYP/6-31G* Charges (e)
Number Element Mulliken CHELPG AIM ESP
1 C 0.618      
2 C -0.405      
3 C -0.333      
4 C -0.043      
5 O -0.463      
6 O -0.446      
7 H 0.197      
8 H 0.192      
9 H 0.175      
10 H 0.169      
11 H 0.176      
12 H 0.163      


Electric dipole moments
Electric dipole components in Debye
(What's a Debye? See section VII.A.3)
  x y z Total
  -4.232 1.509 0.408 4.512
CHELPG        
AIM        
ESP        


Electric Quadrupole moment
Quadrupole components in D Å
Primitive
 xyz
x -39.969 1.785 0.260
y 1.785 -35.240 -0.097
z 0.260 -0.097 -33.394
Traceless
 xyz
x -5.652 1.785 0.260
y 1.785 1.442 -0.097
z 0.260 -0.097 4.210
Polar
3z2-r28.420
x2-y2-4.729
xy1.785
xz0.260
yz-0.097


Polarizabilities
Components of the polarizability tensor.
Units are Å3 (Angstrom cubed)
Change units.
  x y z
x 7.872 0.469 -0.120
y 0.469 6.214 0.032
z -0.120 0.032 5.239


<r2> (average value of r2) Å2
<r2> 140.184
(<r2>)1/2 11.840