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All results from a given calculation for CH3CH2CH2CH3 (Butane)

using model chemistry: HF/6-311+G(3df,2p)

19 10 17 12 22

States and conformations

State Conformation minimum conformation conformer description state description
1 1 yes Anti 1Ag
Energy calculated at HF/6-311+G(3df,2p)
 hartrees
Energy at 0K-157.351923
Energy at 298.15K-157.362805
HF Energy-157.351923
Nuclear repulsion energy131.044993
The energy at 298.15K was derived from the energy at 0K and an integrated heat capacity that used the calculated vibrational frequencies.
Vibrational Frequencies calculated at HF/6-311+G(3df,2p)
Mode Number Symmetry Frequency
(cm-1)
Scaled Frequency
(cm-1)
IR Intensities
(km mol-1)
Raman Act
4/u)
Dep P Dep U
1 Ag 3206 2913 0.00 159.02 0.59 0.74
2 Ag 3150 2862 0.00 438.99 0.01 0.01
3 Ag 3133 2847 0.00 73.25 0.24 0.39
4 Ag 1620 1472 0.00 1.63 0.74 0.85
5 Ag 1606 1460 0.00 16.82 0.68 0.81
6 Ag 1537 1397 0.00 1.48 0.36 0.52
7 Ag 1521 1382 0.00 0.95 0.69 0.82
8 Ag 1260 1145 0.00 5.56 0.14 0.25
9 Ag 1126 1023 0.00 12.74 0.52 0.68
10 Ag 893 812 0.00 14.34 0.19 0.32
11 Ag 451 410 0.00 3.34 0.15 0.25
12 Au 3209 2916 177.86 0.00 0.60 0.75
13 Au 3168 2879 13.32 0.00 0.31 0.47
14 Au 1615 1468 12.55 0.00 0.56 0.71
15 Au 1393 1265 0.23 0.00 0.00 0.00
16 Au 1029 935 0.44 0.00 0.00 0.00
17 Au 783 712 2.20 0.00 0.00 0.00
18 Au 240 218 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00
19 Au 126 115 0.01 0.00 0.00 0.00
20 Bg 3201 2908 0.00 66.57 0.75 0.86
21 Bg 3147 2859 0.00 161.91 0.75 0.86
22 Bg 1614 1466 0.00 9.21 0.75 0.86
23 Bg 1436 1305 0.00 6.72 0.75 0.86
24 Bg 1311 1191 0.00 0.15 0.75 0.86
25 Bg 868 788 0.00 0.19 0.75 0.86
26 Bg 277 252 0.00 0.01 0.75 0.86
27 Bu 3208 2915 122.67 0.00 0.75 0.86
28 Bu 3147 2859 87.16 0.00 0.75 0.86
29 Bu 3140 2853 61.21 0.00 0.75 0.86
30 Bu 1628 1480 7.11 0.00 0.75 0.86
31 Bu 1607 1460 1.95 0.00 0.00 0.00
32 Bu 1536 1396 3.39 0.00 0.00 0.00
33 Bu 1434 1303 3.97 0.00 0.75 0.86
34 Bu 1084 985 0.42 0.00 0.00 0.00
35 Bu 1043 948 3.19 0.00 0.00 0.00
36 Bu 277 252 0.02 0.00 0.75 0.86

Unscaled Zero Point Vibrational Energy (zpe) 30513.1 cm-1
Scaled (by 0.9086) Zero Point Vibrational Energy (zpe) 27724.2 cm-1
See section III.C.1 List or set vibrational scaling factors to change the scale factors used here.
See section III.C.2 Calculate a vibrational scaling factor for a given set of molecules to determine the least squares best scaling factor.
Rotational Constants (cm-1) from geometry optimized at HF/6-311+G(3df,2p)
ABC
0.79287 0.12137 0.11400

See section I.F.4 to change rotational constant units
Geometric Data calculated at HF/6-311+G(3df,2p)

Point Group is C2h

Cartesians (Å)
Atom x (Å) y (Å) z (Å)
C1 -0.420 0.637 0.000
C2 0.420 -0.637 0.000
C3 0.420 1.910 0.000
C4 -0.420 -1.910 0.000
H5 -1.072 0.635 0.870
H6 -1.072 0.635 -0.870
H7 1.072 -0.635 0.870
H8 1.072 -0.635 -0.870
H9 -0.206 2.795 0.000
H10 1.059 1.957 0.876
H11 1.059 1.957 -0.876
H12 0.206 -2.795 0.000
H13 -1.059 -1.957 0.876
H14 -1.059 -1.957 -0.876

Atom - Atom Distances (Å)
  C1 C2 C3 C4 H5 H6 H7 H8 H9 H10 H11 H12 H13 H14
C11.52661.52552.54751.08701.08702.14572.14572.16892.16752.16753.48922.81192.8119
C21.52662.54751.52552.14572.14571.08701.08703.48922.81192.81192.16892.16752.1675
C31.52552.54753.91192.14702.14702.76812.76811.08411.08511.08514.71064.23254.2325
C42.54751.52553.91192.76812.76812.14702.14704.71064.23254.23251.08411.08511.0851
H51.08702.14572.14702.76811.73912.49323.03982.48452.50813.05563.76312.59293.1256
H61.08702.14572.14702.76811.73913.03982.49322.48453.05562.50813.76313.12562.5929
H72.14571.08702.76812.14702.49323.03981.73913.76312.59293.12562.48452.50813.0556
H82.14571.08702.76812.14703.03982.49321.73913.76313.12562.59292.48453.05562.5081
H92.16893.48921.08414.71062.48452.48453.76313.76311.75191.75195.60604.90764.9076
H102.16752.81191.08514.23252.50813.05562.59293.12561.75191.75184.90764.45094.7833
H112.16752.81191.08514.23253.05562.50813.12562.59291.75191.75184.90764.78334.4509
H123.48922.16894.71061.08413.76313.76312.48452.48455.60604.90764.90761.75191.7519
H132.81192.16754.23251.08512.59293.12562.50813.05564.90764.45094.78331.75191.7518
H142.81192.16754.23251.08513.12562.59293.05562.50814.90764.78334.45091.75191.7518

picture of Butane state 1 conformation 1
More geometry information
Calculated Bond Angles
atom1 atom2 atom3 angle atom1 atom2 atom3 angle
C1 C2 C4 113.164 C1 C2 H7 109.210
C1 C2 H8 109.210 C1 C3 H9 111.301
C1 C3 H11 111.132 C1 C3 H12 30.822
C2 C1 C3 113.164 C2 C1 H5 109.210
C2 C1 H6 109.210 C2 C4 H10 17.224
C2 C4 H13 111.132 C2 C4 H14 111.132
C3 C1 H5 109.386 C3 C1 H6 109.386
C4 C2 H7 109.386 C4 C2 H8 109.386
H5 C1 H6 106.252 H7 C2 H8 106.252
H9 C3 H11 107.725 H9 C3 H12 142.123
H10 C4 H13 94.491 H10 C4 H14 114.357
H11 C3 H12 94.022 H13 C4 H14 107.653
Electronic energy levels
Charges, Dipole, Quadrupole and Polarizability
Charges from optimized geometry at HF/6-311+G(3df,2p) Charges (e)
Number Element Mulliken CHELPG AIM ESP
1 C -0.222      
2 C -0.222      
3 C -0.393      
4 C -0.393      
5 H 0.124      
6 H 0.124      
7 H 0.124      
8 H 0.124      
9 H 0.116      
10 H 0.126      
11 H 0.126      
12 H 0.116      
13 H 0.126      
14 H 0.126      


Electric dipole moments
Electric dipole components in Debye
(What's a Debye? See section VII.A.3)
  x y z Total
  0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000
CHELPG        
AIM        
ESP        


Electric Quadrupole moment
Quadrupole components in D Å
Primitive
 xyz
x -28.819 -0.448 0.000
y -0.448 -29.351 0.000
z 0.000 0.000 -28.047
Traceless
 xyz
x -0.120 -0.448 0.000
y -0.448 -0.918 0.000
z 0.000 0.000 1.039
Polar
3z2-r22.077
x2-y20.532
xy-0.448
xz0.000
yz0.000


Polarizabilities
Components of the polarizability tensor.
Units are Å3 (Angstrom cubed)
Change units.
  x y z
x 6.949 0.282 0.000
y 0.282 8.259 0.000
z 0.000 0.000 6.584


<r2> (average value of r2) Å2
<r2> 118.685
(<r2>)1/2 10.894