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All results from a given calculation for CH3CH2CH2CH3 (Butane)

using model chemistry: B2PLYP/6-311+G(3df,2p)

19 10 17 12 22

States and conformations

State Conformation minimum conformation conformer description state description
1 1 yes Anti 1Ag
Energy calculated at B2PLYP/6-311+G(3df,2p)
 hartrees
Energy at 0K-158.339845
Energy at 298.15K-158.350494
HF Energy-158.109896
Nuclear repulsion energy130.808527
The energy at 298.15K was derived from the energy at 0K and an integrated heat capacity that used the calculated vibrational frequencies.
Vibrational Frequencies calculated at B2PLYP/6-311+G(3df,2p)
Mode Number Symmetry Frequency
(cm-1)
Scaled Frequency
(cm-1)
IR Intensities
(km mol-1)
Raman Act
4/u)
Dep P Dep U
Au 124 124 0.01      
Au 222 222 0.00      
Bu 259 259 0.01      
Bg 260 260 0.00      
Ag 427 427 0.00      
Au 740 740 2.85      
Bg 816 816 0.00      
Ag 848 848 0.00      
Au 968 968 0.69      
Bu 985 985 5.12      
Bu 1027 1027 0.01      
Ag 1076 1076 0.00      
Ag 1178 1178 0.00      
Bg 1218 1218 0.00      
Au 1298 1298 0.23      
Bu 1332 1332 2.64      
Bg 1342 1342 0.00      
Ag 1401 1401 0.00      
Ag 1421 1421 0.00      
Bu 1423 1423 4.68      
Ag 1501 1501 0.00      
Bu 1506 1506 1.79      
Bg 1514 1514 0.00      
Au 1515 1515 14.45      
Ag 1519 1519 0.00      
Bu 1526 1526 9.01      
Ag 3023 3023 0.00      
Bu 3031 3031 43.98      
Bu 3040 3040 78.38      
Ag 3041 3041 0.00      
Bg 3047 3047 0.00      
Au 3070 3070 19.98      
Bg 3107 3107 0.00      
Au 3110 3110 104.19      
Ag 3112 3112 0.00      
Bu 3113 3113 74.28      

Unscaled Zero Point Vibrational Energy (zpe) 29070.7 cm-1
Scaled (by 1) Zero Point Vibrational Energy (zpe) 29070.7 cm-1
See section III.C.1 List or set vibrational scaling factors to change the scale factors used here.
See section III.C.2 Calculate a vibrational scaling factor for a given set of molecules to determine the least squares best scaling factor.
Rotational Constants (cm-1) from geometry optimized at B2PLYP/6-311+G(3df,2p)
ABC
0.78639 0.12141 0.11400

See section I.F.4 to change rotational constant units
Geometric Data calculated at B2PLYP/6-311+G(3df,2p)

Point Group is C2h

Cartesians (Å)
Atom x (Å) y (Å) z (Å)
C1 -0.422 0.637 0.000
C2 0.422 -0.637 0.000
C3 0.422 1.909 0.000
C4 -0.422 -1.909 0.000
H5 -1.078 0.632 0.874
H6 -1.078 0.632 -0.874
H7 1.078 -0.632 0.874
H8 1.078 -0.632 -0.874
H9 -0.202 2.803 0.000
H10 1.064 1.952 0.880
H11 1.064 1.952 -0.880
H12 0.202 -2.803 0.000
H13 -1.064 -1.952 0.880
H14 -1.064 -1.952 -0.880

Atom - Atom Distances (Å)
  C1 C2 C3 C4 H5 H6 H7 H8 H9 H10 H11 H12 H13 H14
C11.52721.52642.54591.09331.09332.14972.14972.17732.17082.17083.49572.80892.8089
C21.52722.54591.52642.14972.14971.09331.09333.49572.80892.80892.17732.17082.1708
C31.52642.54593.91032.15512.15512.76612.76611.08961.09061.09064.71734.22994.2299
C42.54591.52643.91032.76612.76612.15512.15514.71734.22994.22991.08961.09061.0906
H51.09332.14972.15512.76611.74862.49873.04972.49922.51653.06763.76812.58393.1232
H61.09332.14972.15512.76611.74863.04972.49872.49923.06762.51653.76813.12322.5839
H72.14971.09332.76612.15512.49873.04971.74863.76812.58393.12322.49922.51653.0676
H82.14971.09332.76612.15513.04972.49871.74863.76813.12322.58392.49923.06762.5165
H92.17733.49571.08964.71732.49922.49923.76813.76811.76101.76105.62044.91224.9122
H102.17082.80891.09064.22992.51653.06762.58393.12321.76101.76014.91224.44694.7826
H112.17082.80891.09064.22993.06762.51653.12322.58391.76101.76014.91224.78264.4469
H123.49572.17734.71731.08963.76813.76812.49922.49925.62044.91224.91221.76101.7610
H132.80892.17084.22991.09062.58393.12322.51653.06764.91224.44694.78261.76101.7601
H142.80892.17084.22991.09063.12322.58393.06762.51654.91224.78264.44691.76101.7601

picture of Butane state 1 conformation 1
More geometry information
Calculated Bond Angles
atom1 atom2 atom3 angle atom1 atom2 atom3 angle
C1 C2 C4 112.972 C1 C2 H7 109.122
C1 C2 H8 109.122 C1 C3 H9 111.584
C1 C3 H11 111.000 C1 C3 H12 30.854
C2 C1 C3 112.972 C2 C1 H5 109.122
C2 C1 H6 109.122 C2 C4 H10 17.251
C2 C4 H13 111.000 C2 C4 H14 111.000
C3 C1 H5 109.597 C3 C1 H6 109.597
C4 C2 H7 109.597 C4 C2 H8 109.597
H5 C1 H6 106.204 H7 C2 H8 106.204
H9 C3 H11 107.745 H9 C3 H12 142.439
H10 C4 H13 94.309 H10 C4 H14 114.261
H11 C3 H12 93.833 H13 C4 H14 107.590
Electronic energy levels
Charges, Dipole, Quadrupole and Polarizability
Charges from optimized geometry at B2PLYP/6-311+G(3df,2p) Charges (e)
Number Element Mulliken CHELPG AIM ESP
1 C -0.250      
2 C -0.250      
3 C -0.471      
4 C -0.471      
5 H 0.146      
6 H 0.146      
7 H 0.146      
8 H 0.146      
9 H 0.137      
10 H 0.146      
11 H 0.146      
12 H 0.137      
13 H 0.146      
14 H 0.146      


Electric dipole moments
Electric dipole components in Debye
(What's a Debye? See section VII.A.3)
  x y z Total
  0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000
CHELPG        
AIM        
ESP        


Electric Quadrupole moment
Quadrupole components in D Å
Primitive
 xyz
x -29.078 -0.454 0.000
y -0.454 -29.528 0.000
z 0.000 0.000 -28.267
Traceless
 xyz
x -0.180 -0.454 0.000
y -0.454 -0.855 0.000
z 0.000 0.000 1.035
Polar
3z2-r22.070
x2-y20.450
xy-0.454
xz0.000
yz0.000


Polarizabilities
Components of the polarizability tensor.
Units are Å3 (Angstrom cubed)
Change units.
  x y z
x 7.365 0.337 0.000
y 0.337 8.847 0.000
z 0.000 0.000 6.898


<r2> (average value of r2) Å2
<r2> 118.924
(<r2>)1/2 10.905