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All results from a given calculation for C4H8 (cyclobutane)

using model chemistry: B3LYP/CEP-31G

19 10 17 12 22

States and conformations

State Conformation minimum conformation conformer description state description
1 1 yes D2D 1A1
Energy calculated at B3LYP/CEP-31G
 hartrees
Energy at 0K-27.341634
Energy at 298.15K-27.350652
HF Energy-27.341634
Nuclear repulsion energy70.469195
The energy at 298.15K was derived from the energy at 0K and an integrated heat capacity that used the calculated vibrational frequencies.
Vibrational Frequencies calculated at B3LYP/CEP-31G
Mode Number Symmetry Frequency
(cm-1)
Scaled Frequency
(cm-1)
IR Intensities
(km mol-1)
Raman Act
4/u)
Dep P Dep U
1 A1 3094 2996 0.00      
2 A1 3068 2971 0.00      
3 A1 1524 1476 0.00      
4 A1 1131 1095 0.00      
5 A1 1008 976 0.00      
6 A1 157 152 0.00      
7 A2 1270 1230 0.00      
8 A2 960 929 0.00      
9 B1 1253 1213 0.00      
10 B1 1173 1136 0.00      
11 B1 963 932 0.00      
12 B2 3146 3046 241.19      
13 B2 3049 2953 10.89      
14 B2 1493 1446 5.08      
15 B2 866 838 2.24      
16 B2 647 627 8.08      
17 E 3116 3018 15.59      
17 E 3116 3018 15.59      
18 E 3055 2958 130.15      
18 E 3055 2958 130.15      
19 E 1490 1443 2.51      
19 E 1490 1443 2.51      
20 E 1289 1248 3.75      
20 E 1289 1248 3.75      
21 E 1238 1199 0.49      
21 E 1238 1199 0.49      
22 E 914 885 8.33      
22 E 914 885 8.33      
23 E 748 725 0.96      
23 E 748 725 0.96      

Unscaled Zero Point Vibrational Energy (zpe) 24248.6 cm-1
Scaled (by 0.9684) Zero Point Vibrational Energy (zpe) 23482.4 cm-1
See section III.C.1 List or set vibrational scaling factors to change the scale factors used here.
See section III.C.2 Calculate a vibrational scaling factor for a given set of molecules to determine the least squares best scaling factor.
Rotational Constants (cm-1) from geometry optimized at B3LYP/CEP-31G
ABC
0.34475 0.34475 0.20253

See section I.F.4 to change rotational constant units
Geometric Data calculated at B3LYP/CEP-31G

Point Group is D2d

Cartesians (Å)
Atom x (Å) y (Å) z (Å)
C1 0.000 1.106 0.113
C2 0.000 -1.106 0.113
C3 -1.106 0.000 -0.113
C4 1.106 0.000 -0.113
H5 0.000 1.485 1.150
H6 0.000 1.967 -0.575
H7 0.000 -1.485 1.150
H8 0.000 -1.967 -0.575
H9 -1.485 0.000 -1.150
H10 -1.967 0.000 0.575
H11 1.485 0.000 -1.150
H12 1.967 0.000 0.575

Atom - Atom Distances (Å)
  C1 C2 C3 C4 H5 H6 H7 H8 H9 H10 H11 H12
C12.21261.58091.58091.10361.10212.79133.14922.24202.30332.24202.3033
C22.21261.58091.58092.79133.14921.10361.10212.24202.30332.24202.3033
C31.58091.58092.21262.24202.30332.24202.30331.10361.10212.79133.1492
C41.58091.58092.21262.24202.30332.24202.30332.79133.14921.10361.1021
H51.10362.79132.24202.24201.79092.97103.85923.11482.53083.11482.5308
H61.10213.14922.30332.30331.79093.85923.93342.53083.00992.53083.0099
H72.79131.10362.24202.24202.97103.85921.79093.11482.53083.11482.5308
H83.14921.10212.30332.30333.85923.93341.79092.53083.00992.53083.0099
H92.24202.24201.10362.79133.11482.53083.11482.53081.79092.97103.8592
H102.30332.30331.10213.14922.53083.00992.53083.00991.79093.85923.9334
H112.24202.24202.79131.10363.11482.53083.11482.53082.97103.85921.7909
H122.30332.30333.14921.10212.53083.00992.53083.00993.85923.93341.7909

picture of cyclobutane state 1 conformation 1
More geometry information
Calculated Bond Angles
atom1 atom2 atom3 angle atom1 atom2 atom3 angle
C1 C3 C2 88.821 C1 C3 H9 112.036
C1 C3 H10 117.175 C1 C4 C2 88.821
C1 C4 H11 112.036 C1 C4 H12 117.175
C2 C3 H9 112.036 C2 C3 H10 117.175
C2 C4 H11 112.036 C2 C4 H12 117.175
C3 C1 C4 88.821 C3 C1 H5 112.036
C3 C1 H6 117.175 C3 C2 C4 88.821
C3 C2 H7 112.036 C3 C2 H8 117.175
C4 C1 H5 112.036 C4 C1 H6 117.175
C4 C2 H7 112.036 C4 C2 H8 117.175
H5 C1 H6 108.575 H7 C2 H8 108.575
H9 C3 H10 108.575 H11 C4 H12 108.575
Electronic energy levels

Electronic state

Charges, Dipole, Quadrupole and Polarizability
Charges from optimized geometry at B3LYP/CEP-31G Charges (e)
Number Element Mulliken CHELPG AIM ESP
1 C -0.291      
2 C -0.291      
3 C -0.291      
4 C -0.291      
5 H 0.126      
6 H 0.165      
7 H 0.126      
8 H 0.165      
9 H 0.126      
10 H 0.165      
11 H 0.126      
12 H 0.165      


Electric dipole moments
Electric dipole components in Debye
(What's a Debye? See section VII.A.3)
  x y z Total
  0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000
CHELPG        
AIM        
ESP        


Electric Quadrupole moment
Quadrupole components in D Å
Primitive
 xyz
x -27.043 0.000 0.000
y 0.000 -27.043 0.000
z 0.000 0.000 -25.142
Traceless
 xyz
x -0.951 0.000 0.000
y 0.000 -0.951 0.000
z 0.000 0.000 1.901
Polar
3z2-r23.803
x2-y20.000
xy0.000
xz0.000
yz0.000


Polarizabilities
Components of the polarizability tensor.
Units are Å3 (Angstrom cubed)
Change units.
  x y z
x 6.442 0.000 0.000
y 0.000 6.442 0.000
z 0.000 0.000 5.230


<r2> (average value of r2) Å2
<r2> 67.193
(<r2>)1/2 8.197