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All results from a given calculation for C4H6O2 (γ–Butyrolactone)

using model chemistry: wB97X-D/CEP-31G

19 10 17 12 22

States and conformations

State Conformation minimum conformation conformer description state description
1 1 yes C1 1A
Energy calculated at wB97X-D/CEP-31G
 hartrees
Energy at 0K-58.084437
Energy at 298.15K 
HF Energy-58.084437
Nuclear repulsion energy127.877895
The energy at 298.15K was derived from the energy at 0K and an integrated heat capacity that used the calculated vibrational frequencies.
Vibrational Frequencies calculated at wB97X-D/CEP-31G
Mode Number Symmetry Frequency
(cm-1)
Scaled Frequency
(cm-1)
IR Intensities
(km mol-1)
Raman Act
4/u)
Dep P Dep U
1 A 3211 3211 60.47      
2 A 3199 3199 13.02      
3 A 3185 3185 17.62      
4 A 3122 3122 24.81      
5 A 3117 3117 58.92      
6 A 3114 3114 26.63      
7 A 1757 1757 360.27      
8 A 1550 1550 1.52      
9 A 1530 1530 12.04      
10 A 1497 1497 15.97      
11 A 1408 1408 5.42      
12 A 1379 1379 1.10      
13 A 1337 1337 6.10      
14 A 1262 1262 7.13      
15 A 1240 1240 8.96      
16 A 1203 1203 2.24      
17 A 1175 1175 267.23      
18 A 1115 1115 15.71      
19 A 1077 1077 40.81      
20 A 1013 1013 64.87      
21 A 950 950 11.29      
22 A 913 913 8.31      
23 A 879 879 22.99      
24 A 807 807 10.65      
25 A 665 665 4.76      
26 A 636 636 8.81      
27 A 526 526 4.40      
28 A 470 470 4.43      
29 A 194 194 5.05      
30 A 139 139 1.08      

Unscaled Zero Point Vibrational Energy (zpe) 21833.6 cm-1
Scaled (by 1) Zero Point Vibrational Energy (zpe) 21833.6 cm-1
See section III.C.1 List or set vibrational scaling factors to change the scale factors used here.
See section III.C.2 Calculate a vibrational scaling factor for a given set of molecules to determine the least squares best scaling factor.
Rotational Constants (cm-1) from geometry optimized at wB97X-D/CEP-31G
ABC
0.23517 0.11445 0.08171

See section I.F.4 to change rotational constant units
Geometric Data calculated at wB97X-D/CEP-31G

Point Group is C1

Cartesians (Å)
Atom x (Å) y (Å) z (Å)
C1 0.901 -0.001 0.003
C2 -0.020 1.225 0.162
C3 -1.424 0.686 -0.212
C4 -1.309 -0.828 0.129
O5 0.121 -1.160 -0.050
O6 2.133 -0.035 -0.065
H7 0.338 2.041 -0.476
H8 0.033 1.562 1.209
H9 -1.613 0.823 -1.287
H10 -2.236 1.169 0.347
H11 -1.876 -1.481 -0.542
H12 -1.575 -1.045 1.173

Atom - Atom Distances (Å)
  C1 C2 C3 C4 O5 O6 H7 H8 H9 H10 H11 H12
C11.54232.43412.36351.39781.23442.17242.15662.94333.36603.19372.9303
C21.54231.54972.42512.39892.50511.09581.10072.19042.22443.35652.9312
C32.43411.54971.55662.41273.63242.23822.21551.09931.09782.23862.2220
C42.36352.42511.55661.47913.53823.36352.94652.19562.21281.09411.0992
O51.39782.39892.41271.47912.30563.23683.00022.90973.33732.08152.0939
O61.23442.50513.63243.53822.30562.77522.92964.03254.55074.28884.0375
H72.17241.09582.23823.36353.23682.77521.77792.43882.83934.16103.9874
H82.15661.10072.21552.94653.00022.92961.77793.07922.45883.99633.0626
H92.94332.19041.09932.19562.90974.03252.43883.07921.78192.43553.0883
H103.36602.22441.09782.21283.33734.55072.83932.45881.78192.81872.4539
H113.19373.35652.23861.09412.08154.28884.16103.99632.43552.81871.7954
H122.93032.93122.22201.09922.09394.03753.98743.06263.08832.45391.7954

picture of γ–Butyrolactone state 1 conformation 1
More geometry information
Calculated Bond Angles
atom1 atom2 atom3 angle atom1 atom2 atom3 angle
C1 C2 C3 103.855 C1 C2 H7 109.708
C1 C2 H8 108.207 C1 O5 C4 110.444
C2 C1 O5 109.258 C2 C1 O6 128.554
C2 C3 C4 102.649 C2 C3 H9 110.405
C2 C3 H10 113.210 C3 C2 H7 114.470
C3 C2 H8 112.310 C3 C4 O5 105.240
C3 C4 H11 114.104 C3 C4 H12 112.442
C4 C3 H9 110.332 C4 C3 H10 111.781
O5 C1 O6 122.187 O5 C4 H11 107.029
O5 C4 H12 107.698 H7 C2 H8 108.073
H9 C3 H10 108.396 H11 C4 H12 109.883
Electronic energy levels
Charges, Dipole, Quadrupole and Polarizability
Charges from optimized geometry at wB97X-D/CEP-31G Charges (e)
Number Element Mulliken CHELPG AIM ESP
1 C -0.200      
2 C -0.165      
3 C -0.226      
4 C -0.220      
5 O -0.157      
6 O -0.074      
7 H 0.195      
8 H 0.167      
9 H 0.147      
10 H 0.172      
11 H 0.201      
12 H 0.162      


Electric dipole moments
Electric dipole components in Debye
(What's a Debye? See section VII.A.3)
  x y z Total
  -5.301 2.225 0.536 5.774
CHELPG        
AIM        
ESP        


Electric Quadrupole moment
Quadrupole components in D Å
Primitive
 xyz
x -41.403 2.436 0.233
y 2.436 -35.927 -0.222
z 0.233 -0.222 -33.114
Traceless
 xyz
x -6.882 2.436 0.233
y 2.436 1.331 -0.222
z 0.233 -0.222 5.551
Polar
3z2-r211.102
x2-y2-5.476
xy2.436
xz0.233
yz-0.222


Polarizabilities
Components of the polarizability tensor.
Units are Å3 (Angstrom cubed)
Change units.
  x y z
x 8.232 0.441 -0.077
y 0.441 6.247 0.024
z -0.077 0.024 4.912


<r2> (average value of r2) Å2
<r2> 118.492
(<r2>)1/2 10.885