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All results from a given calculation for C4H8 (cyclobutane)

using model chemistry: B3LYP/CEP-121G

19 10 17 12 22

States and conformations

State Conformation minimum conformation conformer description state description
1 1 yes D2D 1A1
Energy calculated at B3LYP/CEP-121G
 hartrees
Energy at 0K-27.352291
Energy at 298.15K-27.361343
HF Energy-27.352291
Nuclear repulsion energy70.694305
The energy at 298.15K was derived from the energy at 0K and an integrated heat capacity that used the calculated vibrational frequencies.
Vibrational Frequencies calculated at B3LYP/CEP-121G
Mode Number Symmetry Frequency
(cm-1)
Scaled Frequency
(cm-1)
IR Intensities
(km mol-1)
Raman Act
4/u)
Dep P Dep U
1 A1 3053 2975 0.00      
2 A1 3023 2946 0.00      
3 A1 1532 1493 0.00      
4 A1 1177 1147 0.00      
5 A1 1000 975 0.00      
6 A1 143 140 0.00      
7 A2 1271 1239 0.00      
8 A2 964 940 0.00      
9 B1 1256 1224 0.00      
10 B1 1174 1144 0.00      
11 B1 955 931 0.00      
12 B2 3095 3016 178.24      
13 B2 3003 2926 11.00      
14 B2 1505 1467 2.73      
15 B2 868 846 0.28      
16 B2 654 637 3.66      
17 E 3070 2992 20.62      
17 E 3070 2992 20.63      
18 E 3008 2931 126.15      
18 E 3008 2931 126.15      
19 E 1501 1462 2.11      
19 E 1501 1462 2.11      
20 E 1289 1256 1.57      
20 E 1289 1256 1.57      
21 E 1240 1209 0.17      
21 E 1240 1209 0.17      
22 E 908 885 5.33      
22 E 908 885 5.33      
23 E 759 740 0.06      
23 E 759 740 0.06      

Unscaled Zero Point Vibrational Energy (zpe) 24111.4 cm-1
Scaled (by 0.9745) Zero Point Vibrational Energy (zpe) 23496.5 cm-1
See section III.C.1 List or set vibrational scaling factors to change the scale factors used here.
See section III.C.2 Calculate a vibrational scaling factor for a given set of molecules to determine the least squares best scaling factor.
Rotational Constants (cm-1) from geometry optimized at B3LYP/CEP-121G
ABC
0.34690 0.34690 0.20327

See section I.F.4 to change rotational constant units
Geometric Data calculated at B3LYP/CEP-121G

Point Group is D2d

Cartesians (Å)
Atom x (Å) y (Å) z (Å)
C1 0.000 1.104 0.108
C2 0.000 -1.104 0.108
C3 -1.104 0.000 -0.108
C4 1.104 0.000 -0.108
H5 0.000 1.495 1.134
H6 0.000 1.953 -0.587
H7 0.000 -1.495 1.134
H8 0.000 -1.953 -0.587
H9 -1.495 0.000 -1.134
H10 -1.953 0.000 0.587
H11 1.495 0.000 -1.134
H12 1.953 0.000 0.587

Atom - Atom Distances (Å)
  C1 C2 C3 C4 H5 H6 H7 H8 H9 H10 H11 H12
C12.20871.57661.57661.09801.09692.79473.13552.23532.29442.23532.2944
C22.20871.57661.57662.79473.13551.09801.09692.23532.29442.23532.2944
C31.57661.57662.20872.23532.29442.23532.29441.09801.09692.79473.1355
C41.57661.57662.20872.23532.29442.23532.29442.79473.13551.09801.0969
H51.09802.79472.23532.23531.78082.99023.85393.10052.51983.10052.5198
H61.09693.13552.29442.29441.78083.85393.90642.51983.00142.51983.0014
H72.79471.09802.23532.23532.99023.85391.78083.10052.51983.10052.5198
H83.13551.09692.29442.29443.85393.90641.78082.51983.00142.51983.0014
H92.23532.23531.09802.79473.10052.51983.10052.51981.78082.99023.8539
H102.29442.29441.09693.13552.51983.00142.51983.00141.78083.85393.9064
H112.23532.23532.79471.09803.10052.51983.10052.51982.99023.85391.7808
H122.29442.29443.13551.09692.51983.00142.51983.00143.85393.90641.7808

picture of cyclobutane state 1 conformation 1
More geometry information
Calculated Bond Angles
atom1 atom2 atom3 angle atom1 atom2 atom3 angle
C1 C3 C2 88.930 C1 C3 H9 112.146
C1 C3 H10 117.099 C1 C4 C2 88.930
C1 C4 H11 112.146 C1 C4 H12 117.099
C2 C3 H9 112.146 C2 C3 H10 117.099
C2 C4 H11 112.146 C2 C4 H12 117.099
C3 C1 C4 88.930 C3 C1 H5 112.146
C3 C1 H6 117.099 C3 C2 C4 88.930
C3 C2 H7 112.146 C3 C2 H8 117.099
C4 C1 H5 112.146 C4 C1 H6 117.099
C4 C2 H7 112.146 C4 C2 H8 117.099
H5 C1 H6 108.451 H7 C2 H8 108.451
H9 C3 H10 108.451 H11 C4 H12 108.451
Electronic energy levels

Electronic state

Charges, Dipole, Quadrupole and Polarizability
Charges from optimized geometry at B3LYP/CEP-121G Charges (e)
Number Element Mulliken CHELPG AIM ESP
1 C -0.256      
2 C -0.256      
3 C -0.256      
4 C -0.256      
5 H 0.127      
6 H 0.130      
7 H 0.127      
8 H 0.130      
9 H 0.127      
10 H 0.130      
11 H 0.127      
12 H 0.130      


Electric dipole moments
Electric dipole components in Debye
(What's a Debye? See section VII.A.3)
  x y z Total
  0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000
CHELPG        
AIM        
ESP        


Electric Quadrupole moment
Quadrupole components in D Å
Primitive
 xyz
x -27.538 0.000 0.000
y 0.000 -27.538 0.000
z 0.000 0.000 -25.993
Traceless
 xyz
x -0.773 0.000 0.000
y 0.000 -0.773 0.000
z 0.000 0.000 1.545
Polar
3z2-r23.090
x2-y20.000
xy0.000
xz0.000
yz0.000


Polarizabilities
Components of the polarizability tensor.
Units are Å3 (Angstrom cubed)
Change units.
  x y z
x 6.908 0.000 0.000
y 0.000 6.908 0.000
z 0.000 0.000 6.307


<r2> (average value of r2) Å2
<r2> 67.300
(<r2>)1/2 8.204