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All results from a given calculation for C4H6O2 (γ–Butyrolactone)

using model chemistry: B3LYP/CEP-121G

19 10 17 12 22

States and conformations

State Conformation minimum conformation conformer description state description
1 1 yes C1 1A
Energy calculated at B3LYP/CEP-121G
 hartrees
Energy at 0K-58.083735
Energy at 298.15K 
HF Energy-58.083735
Nuclear repulsion energy127.521728
The energy at 298.15K was derived from the energy at 0K and an integrated heat capacity that used the calculated vibrational frequencies.
Vibrational Frequencies calculated at B3LYP/CEP-121G
Mode Number Symmetry Frequency
(cm-1)
Scaled Frequency
(cm-1)
IR Intensities
(km mol-1)
Raman Act
4/u)
Dep P Dep U
1 A 3126 3046 40.55      
2 A 3112 3032 14.44      
3 A 3094 3015 22.57      
4 A 3034 2956 28.29      
5 A 3031 2954 47.30      
6 A 3024 2947 15.21      
7 A 1721 1677 349.10      
8 A 1533 1494 0.45      
9 A 1518 1480 8.83      
10 A 1492 1454 13.58      
11 A 1380 1344 5.08      
12 A 1353 1319 0.03      
13 A 1317 1283 3.84      
14 A 1245 1214 4.59      
15 A 1218 1187 3.19      
16 A 1186 1155 2.09      
17 A 1130 1101 194.58      
18 A 1103 1075 46.22      
19 A 1041 1015 29.30      
20 A 978 953 57.75      
21 A 921 898 11.07      
22 A 892 869 10.25      
23 A 858 836 32.29      
24 A 777 757 12.40      
25 A 650 634 3.86      
26 A 624 608 6.92      
27 A 515 502 4.41      
28 A 460 448 3.47      
29 A 192 187 4.38      
30 A 142 139 0.73      

Unscaled Zero Point Vibrational Energy (zpe) 21332.1 cm-1
Scaled (by 0.9745) Zero Point Vibrational Energy (zpe) 20788.1 cm-1
See section III.C.1 List or set vibrational scaling factors to change the scale factors used here.
See section III.C.2 Calculate a vibrational scaling factor for a given set of molecules to determine the least squares best scaling factor.
Rotational Constants (cm-1) from geometry optimized at B3LYP/CEP-121G
ABC
0.23438 0.11351 0.08113

See section I.F.4 to change rotational constant units
Geometric Data calculated at B3LYP/CEP-121G

Point Group is C1

Cartesians (Å)
Atom x (Å) y (Å) z (Å)
C1 0.907 0.000 0.005
C2 -0.016 1.225 0.164
C3 -1.423 0.691 -0.215
C4 -1.324 -0.824 0.128
O5 0.117 -1.167 -0.047
O6 2.142 -0.039 -0.067
H7 0.343 2.046 -0.461
H8 0.032 1.557 1.211
H9 -1.602 0.823 -1.289
H10 -2.234 1.183 0.330
H11 -1.889 -1.476 -0.541
H12 -1.594 -1.038 1.170

Atom - Atom Distances (Å)
  C1 C2 C3 C4 O5 O6 H7 H8 H9 H10 H11 H12
C11.54212.43982.38141.41031.23812.17312.15492.94023.37223.20842.9477
C21.54211.55212.43092.40492.51211.09301.09902.18822.22463.36202.9362
C32.43981.55211.55562.41823.64202.23972.21391.09661.09482.24022.2214
C42.38142.43091.55561.49143.55933.37082.94572.19032.21271.09211.0972
O51.41032.40492.41821.49142.31843.24773.00122.90793.34532.08842.1031
O61.23812.51213.64203.55932.31842.78272.93844.03184.56124.30574.0603
H72.17311.09302.23973.37083.24772.78271.77012.44182.83044.17093.9904
H82.15491.09902.21392.94573.00122.93841.77013.07532.45983.99483.0622
H92.94022.18821.09662.19032.90794.03182.44183.07531.77512.43533.0838
H103.37222.22461.09482.21273.34534.56122.83042.45981.77512.81992.4593
H113.20843.36202.24021.09212.08844.30574.17093.99482.43532.81991.7905
H122.94772.93622.22141.09722.10314.06033.99043.06223.08382.45931.7905

picture of γ–Butyrolactone state 1 conformation 1
More geometry information
Calculated Bond Angles
atom1 atom2 atom3 angle atom1 atom2 atom3 angle
C1 C2 C3 104.092 C1 C2 H7 109.944
C1 C2 H8 108.187 C1 O5 C4 110.278
C2 C1 O5 109.009 C2 C1 O6 128.938
C2 C3 C4 102.930 C2 C3 H9 110.228
C2 C3 H10 113.245 C3 C2 H7 114.605
C3 C2 H8 112.121 C3 C4 O5 105.033
C3 C4 H11 114.442 C3 C4 H12 112.588
C4 C3 H9 110.147 C4 C3 H10 112.034
O5 C1 O6 122.052 O5 C4 H11 106.854
O5 C4 H12 107.703 H7 C2 H8 107.706
H9 C3 H10 108.199 H11 C4 H12 109.739
Electronic energy levels
Charges, Dipole, Quadrupole and Polarizability
Charges from optimized geometry at B3LYP/CEP-121G Charges (e)
Number Element Mulliken CHELPG AIM ESP
1 C 0.098      
2 C -0.371      
3 C -0.306      
4 C -0.156      
5 O -0.191      
6 O -0.117      
7 H 0.192      
8 H 0.187      
9 H 0.168      
10 H 0.161      
11 H 0.174      
12 H 0.161      


Electric dipole moments
Electric dipole components in Debye
(What's a Debye? See section VII.A.3)
  x y z Total
  -5.044 2.155 0.486 5.506
CHELPG        
AIM        
ESP        


Electric Quadrupole moment
Quadrupole components in D Å
Primitive
 xyz
x -41.582 2.339 0.289
y 2.339 -36.334 -0.177
z 0.289 -0.177 -33.821
Traceless
 xyz
x -6.504 2.339 0.289
y 2.339 1.368 -0.177
z 0.289 -0.177 5.136
Polar
3z2-r210.273
x2-y2-5.248
xy2.339
xz0.289
yz-0.177


Polarizabilities
Components of the polarizability tensor.
Units are Å3 (Angstrom cubed)
Change units.
  x y z
x 8.824 0.508 -0.130
y 0.508 6.850 0.036
z -0.130 0.036 5.679


<r2> (average value of r2) Å2
<r2> 119.323
(<r2>)1/2 10.923