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All results from a given calculation for C4H6O2 (γ–Butyrolactone)

using model chemistry: B3LYP/CEP-121G*

19 10 17 12 22

States and conformations

State Conformation minimum conformation conformer description state description
1 1 yes C1 1A
Energy calculated at B3LYP/CEP-121G*
 hartrees
Energy at 0K-58.187656
Energy at 298.15K 
HF Energy-58.187656
Nuclear repulsion energy129.152040
The energy at 298.15K was derived from the energy at 0K and an integrated heat capacity that used the calculated vibrational frequencies.
Vibrational Frequencies calculated at B3LYP/CEP-121G*
Mode Number Symmetry Frequency
(cm-1)
Scaled Frequency
(cm-1)
IR Intensities
(km mol-1)
Raman Act
4/u)
Dep P Dep U
1 A 3123 3027 21.29      
2 A 3113 3018 40.29      
3 A 3100 3005 23.25      
4 A 3049 2956 31.12      
5 A 3041 2948 10.16      
6 A 3032 2939 54.85      
7 A 1823 1768 407.52      
8 A 1534 1487 0.21      
9 A 1508 1462 6.40      
10 A 1477 1432 7.87      
11 A 1397 1354 17.23      
12 A 1343 1302 1.97      
13 A 1304 1264 10.43      
14 A 1255 1216 7.72      
15 A 1214 1177 11.68      
16 A 1194 1157 1.60      
17 A 1157 1122 224.74      
18 A 1092 1058 11.17      
19 A 1050 1018 79.63      
20 A 998 967 19.19      
21 A 923 895 4.92      
22 A 887 860 9.74      
23 A 865 839 18.21      
24 A 791 767 4.58      
25 A 668 647 5.30      
26 A 628 609 4.65      
27 A 523 507 3.61      
28 A 478 463 3.09      
29 A 202 196 2.48      
30 A 145 141 0.79      

Unscaled Zero Point Vibrational Energy (zpe) 21456.1 cm-1
Scaled (by 0.9694) Zero Point Vibrational Energy (zpe) 20799.5 cm-1
See section III.C.1 List or set vibrational scaling factors to change the scale factors used here.
See section III.C.2 Calculate a vibrational scaling factor for a given set of molecules to determine the least squares best scaling factor.
Rotational Constants (cm-1) from geometry optimized at B3LYP/CEP-121G*
ABC
0.23869 0.11725 0.08365

See section I.F.4 to change rotational constant units
Geometric Data calculated at B3LYP/CEP-121G*

Point Group is C1

Cartesians (Å)
Atom x (Å) y (Å) z (Å)
C1 0.895 -0.001 0.003
C2 -0.030 1.219 0.170
C3 -1.417 0.672 -0.222
C4 -1.278 -0.828 0.133
O5 0.130 -1.145 -0.049
O6 2.102 -0.026 -0.070
H7 0.335 2.050 -0.440
H8 0.012 1.530 1.223
H9 -1.583 0.791 -1.300
H10 -2.249 1.148 0.308
H11 -1.852 -1.497 -0.516
H12 -1.543 -1.029 1.180

Atom - Atom Distances (Å)
  C1 C2 C3 C4 O5 O6 H7 H8 H9 H10 H11 H12
C11.53932.41842.32831.37661.21002.17162.14722.91013.36083.17002.8958
C21.53931.54182.39712.37872.48041.09331.09902.18092.22443.34082.8923
C32.41841.54181.54752.39283.59122.23942.20591.09691.09522.23132.2086
C42.32832.39711.54751.45503.47983.34802.90002.18332.20841.09421.0990
O51.37662.37872.39281.45502.26703.22482.96412.87223.32342.06632.0797
O61.21002.48043.59123.47982.26702.75152.90933.97064.52254.24183.9823
H72.17161.09332.23943.34803.22482.75151.77152.45042.83674.16703.9539
H82.14721.09902.20592.90002.96412.90931.77153.07482.46833.95662.9951
H92.91012.18091.09692.18332.87223.97062.45043.07481.77632.43343.0769
H103.36082.22441.09522.20843.32344.52252.83672.46831.77632.79852.4497
H113.17003.34082.23131.09422.06634.24184.16703.95662.43342.79851.7857
H122.89582.89232.20861.09902.07973.98233.95392.99513.07692.44971.7857

picture of γ–Butyrolactone state 1 conformation 1
More geometry information
Calculated Bond Angles
atom1 atom2 atom3 angle atom1 atom2 atom3 angle
C1 C2 C3 103.429 C1 C2 H7 110.001
C1 C2 H8 107.781 C1 O5 C4 110.589
C2 C1 O5 109.199 C2 C1 O6 128.497
C2 C3 C4 101.782 C2 C3 H9 110.351
C2 C3 H10 113.965 C3 C2 H7 115.333
C3 C2 H8 112.210 C3 C4 O5 105.634
C3 C4 H11 114.172 C3 C4 H12 112.024
C4 C3 H9 110.143 C4 C3 H10 112.241
O5 C1 O6 122.303 O5 C4 H11 107.459
O5 C4 H12 108.226 H7 C2 H8 107.810
H9 C3 H10 108.254 H11 C4 H12 109.022
Electronic energy levels
Charges, Dipole, Quadrupole and Polarizability
Charges from optimized geometry at B3LYP/CEP-121G* Charges (e)
Number Element Mulliken CHELPG AIM ESP
1 C 0.206      
2 C -0.369      
3 C -0.341      
4 C -0.178      
5 O -0.184      
6 O -0.246      
7 H 0.209      
8 H 0.193      
9 H 0.179      
10 H 0.185      
11 H 0.184      
12 H 0.162      


Electric dipole moments
Electric dipole components in Debye
(What's a Debye? See section VII.A.3)
  x y z Total
  -4.500 1.618 0.416 4.800
CHELPG        
AIM        
ESP        


Electric Quadrupole moment
Quadrupole components in D Å
Primitive
 xyz
x -40.601 1.886 0.250
y 1.886 -35.429 -0.110
z 0.250 -0.110 -33.546
Traceless
 xyz
x -6.113 1.886 0.250
y 1.886 1.645 -0.110
z 0.250 -0.110 4.468
Polar
3z2-r28.937
x2-y2-5.172
xy1.886
xz0.250
yz-0.110


Polarizabilities
Components of the polarizability tensor.
Units are Å3 (Angstrom cubed)
Change units.
  x y z
x 8.651 0.455 -0.098
y 0.455 7.057 0.022
z -0.098 0.022 5.885


<r2> (average value of r2) Å2
<r2> 116.387
(<r2>)1/2 10.788