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All results from a given calculation for CH3CHCH2CH3 (2-Butyl radical)

using model chemistry: B3LYP/LANL2DZ

19 10 17 12 22

States and conformations

State Conformation minimum conformation conformer description state description
1 1 yes C1 1A
Energy calculated at B3LYP/LANL2DZ
 hartrees
Energy at 0K-157.768213
Energy at 298.15K-157.776480
Nuclear repulsion energy121.074187
The energy at 298.15K was derived from the energy at 0K and an integrated heat capacity that used the calculated vibrational frequencies.
Vibrational Frequencies calculated at B3LYP/LANL2DZ
Mode Number Symmetry Frequency
(cm-1)
Scaled Frequency
(cm-1)
IR Intensities
(km mol-1)
Raman Act
4/u)
Dep P Dep U
1 A 3184 3060 42.11      
2 A 3128 3007 47.72      
3 A 3125 3004 57.38      
4 A 3119 2998 35.45      
5 A 3041 2923 45.71      
6 A 3037 2919 37.59      
7 A 3002 2885 36.94      
8 A 2973 2858 57.43      
9 A 2960 2845 36.14      
10 A 1528 1469 7.31      
11 A 1523 1464 11.09      
12 A 1513 1455 12.09      
13 A 1501 1443 10.67      
14 A 1499 1441 4.91      
15 A 1437 1382 21.91      
16 A 1433 1378 1.26      
17 A 1410 1356 0.22      
18 A 1325 1273 2.50      
19 A 1273 1223 0.10      
20 A 1196 1149 0.33      
21 A 1145 1101 0.53      
22 A 1078 1036 0.66      
23 A 1045 1004 0.13      
24 A 1005 966 11.27      
25 A 993 954 3.72      
26 A 852 819 0.22      
27 A 780 750 2.98      
28 A 431 414 0.20      
29 A 325 312 45.17      
30 A 257 247 1.97      
31 A 230 221 1.48      
32 A 69 66 2.08      
33 A 37 36 0.24      

Unscaled Zero Point Vibrational Energy (zpe) 25726.0 cm-1
Scaled (by 0.9612) Zero Point Vibrational Energy (zpe) 24727.8 cm-1
See section III.C.1 List or set vibrational scaling factors to change the scale factors used here.
See section III.C.2 Calculate a vibrational scaling factor for a given set of molecules to determine the least squares best scaling factor.
Rotational Constants (cm-1) from geometry optimized at B3LYP/LANL2DZ
ABC
0.88423 0.11914 0.11159

See section I.F.4 to change rotational constant units
Geometric Data calculated at B3LYP/LANL2DZ

Point Group is C1

Cartesians (Å)
Atom x (Å) y (Å) z (Å)
C1 2.007 -0.042 -0.021
H2 2.152 -0.815 -0.793
H3 2.717 0.771 -0.217
H4 2.300 -0.509 0.938
C5 0.584 0.449 0.006
H6 0.384 1.514 0.127
C7 -0.574 -0.517 0.029
H8 -0.519 -1.149 0.938
H9 -0.481 -1.226 -0.813
C10 -1.955 0.171 -0.025
H11 -2.089 0.846 0.831
H12 -2.059 0.766 -0.942
H13 -2.769 -0.565 -0.005

Atom - Atom Distances (Å)
  C1 H2 H3 H4 C5 H6 C7 H8 H9 C10 H11 H12 H13
C11.10211.09681.10611.50572.25332.62492.91932.86693.96794.27704.24634.8046
H21.10211.77871.76432.16653.06502.86293.19992.66484.29304.83554.49994.9899
H31.09681.77871.77342.16892.47283.54283.93543.81704.71454.91994.83055.6505
H41.10611.76431.77342.17592.90253.01482.89093.36404.41604.59524.91555.1568
C51.50572.16652.16892.17591.09031.50842.15352.14722.55442.82562.82513.5030
H62.25333.06502.47282.90251.09032.24812.92643.02332.70162.65702.76923.7792
C72.62492.86293.54283.01481.50842.24811.10761.10501.54412.19002.18962.1957
H82.91933.19993.93542.89092.15352.92641.10761.75272.17542.54093.09372.5086
H92.86692.66483.81703.36402.14723.02331.10501.75272.17873.09562.54452.5151
C103.96794.29304.71454.41602.55442.70161.54412.17542.17871.09831.09791.0977
H114.27704.83554.91994.59522.82562.65702.19002.54093.09561.09831.77531.7754
H124.24634.49994.83054.91552.82512.76922.18963.09372.54451.09791.77531.7762
H134.80464.98995.65055.15683.50303.77922.19572.50862.51511.09771.77541.7762

picture of 2-Butyl radical state 1 conformation 1
More geometry information
Calculated Bond Angles
atom1 atom2 atom3 angle atom1 atom2 atom3 angle
C1 C5 H6 119.588 C1 C5 C7 121.121
H2 C1 H3 107.974 H2 C1 H4 106.068
H2 C1 C5 111.417 H3 C1 H4 107.222
H3 C1 C5 111.931 H4 C1 C5 111.927
C5 C7 H8 109.872 C5 C7 H9 109.522
C5 C7 C10 113.606 H6 C5 C7 118.903
C7 C10 H11 110.821 C7 C10 H12 110.815
C7 C10 H13 111.313 H8 C7 H9 104.776
H8 C7 C10 109.145 H9 C7 C10 109.546
H11 C10 H12 107.869 H11 C10 H13 107.893
H12 C10 H13 107.992
Electronic energy levels
Charges, Dipole, Quadrupole and Polarizability
Charges from optimized geometry at B3LYP/LANL2DZ Charges (e)
Number Element Mulliken CHELPG AIM ESP
1 C -0.684      
2 H 0.204      
3 H 0.207      
4 H 0.204      
5 C -0.111      
6 H 0.195      
7 C -0.340      
8 H 0.185      
9 H 0.189      
10 C -0.644      
11 H 0.197      
12 H 0.201      
13 H 0.197      


Electric dipole moments
Electric dipole components in Debye
(What's a Debye? See section VII.A.3)
  x y z Total
  0.053 -0.193 0.126 0.236
CHELPG        
AIM        
ESP        


Electric Quadrupole moment
Quadrupole components in D Å
Primitive
 xyz
x -26.867 0.120 0.024
y 0.120 -26.551 0.202
z 0.024 0.202 -27.754
Traceless
 xyz
x 0.286 0.120 0.024
y 0.120 0.759 0.202
z 0.024 0.202 -1.045
Polar
3z2-r2-2.090
x2-y2-0.316
xy0.120
xz0.024
yz0.202


Polarizabilities
Components of the polarizability tensor.
Units are Å3 (Angstrom cubed)
Change units.
  x y z
x 7.195 0.013 0.022
y 0.013 5.976 -0.011
z 0.022 -0.011 5.196


<r2> (average value of r2) Å2
<r2> 118.208
(<r2>)1/2 10.872