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All results from a given calculation for C4H8 (cyclobutane)

using model chemistry: B3LYP/SDD

19 10 17 12 22

States and conformations

State Conformation minimum conformation conformer description state description
1 1 yes D2D 1A1
Energy calculated at B3LYP/SDD
 hartrees
Energy at 0K-157.188025
Energy at 298.15K-157.197072
HF Energy-157.188025
Nuclear repulsion energy125.694520
The energy at 298.15K was derived from the energy at 0K and an integrated heat capacity that used the calculated vibrational frequencies.
Vibrational Frequencies calculated at B3LYP/SDD
Mode Number Symmetry Frequency
(cm-1)
Scaled Frequency
(cm-1)
IR Intensities
(km mol-1)
Raman Act
4/u)
Dep P Dep U
1 A1 3119 2998 0.00      
2 A1 3083 2963 0.00      
3 A1 1533 1474 0.00      
4 A1 1186 1140 0.00      
5 A1 1017 978 0.00      
6 A1 149 143 0.00      
7 A2 1289 1239 0.00      
8 A2 972 934 0.00      
9 B1 1260 1211 0.00      
10 B1 1181 1135 0.00      
11 B1 972 935 0.00      
12 B2 3161 3038 161.27      
13 B2 3065 2946 11.18      
14 B2 1508 1449 4.73      
15 B2 872 838 2.34      
16 B2 660 634 7.88      
17 E 3136 3014 16.93      
17 E 3136 3014 16.93      
18 E 3070 2951 104.12      
18 E 3070 2951 104.11      
19 E 1504 1446 4.77      
19 E 1504 1446 4.77      
20 E 1297 1247 6.10      
20 E 1297 1247 6.10      
21 E 1248 1199 0.77      
21 E 1248 1199 0.77      
22 E 922 887 8.29      
22 E 922 887 8.29      
23 E 767 738 0.46      
23 E 767 738 0.46      

Unscaled Zero Point Vibrational Energy (zpe) 24456.1 cm-1
Scaled (by 0.9613) Zero Point Vibrational Energy (zpe) 23509.7 cm-1
See section III.C.1 List or set vibrational scaling factors to change the scale factors used here.
See section III.C.2 Calculate a vibrational scaling factor for a given set of molecules to determine the least squares best scaling factor.
Rotational Constants (cm-1) from geometry optimized at B3LYP/SDD
ABC
0.34987 0.34987 0.20527

See section I.F.4 to change rotational constant units
Geometric Data calculated at B3LYP/SDD

Point Group is D2d

Cartesians (Å)
Atom x (Å) y (Å) z (Å)
C1 0.000 1.099 0.108
C2 0.000 -1.099 0.108
C3 -1.099 0.000 -0.108
C4 1.099 0.000 -0.108
H5 0.000 1.487 1.133
H6 0.000 1.946 -0.586
H7 0.000 -1.487 1.133
H8 0.000 -1.946 -0.586
H9 -1.487 0.000 -1.133
H10 -1.946 0.000 0.586
H11 1.487 0.000 -1.133
H12 1.946 0.000 0.586

Atom - Atom Distances (Å)
  C1 C2 C3 C4 H5 H6 H7 H8 H9 H10 H11 H12
C12.19751.56871.56871.09661.09522.78173.12282.22662.28542.22662.2854
C22.19751.56871.56872.78173.12281.09661.09522.22662.28542.22662.2854
C31.56871.56872.19752.22662.28542.22662.28541.09661.09522.78173.1228
C41.56871.56872.19752.22662.28542.22662.28542.78173.12281.09661.0952
H51.09662.78172.22662.22661.77982.97393.83953.09172.50933.09172.5093
H61.09523.12282.28542.28541.77983.83953.89182.50932.99142.50932.9914
H72.78171.09662.22662.22662.97393.83951.77983.09172.50933.09172.5093
H83.12281.09522.28542.28543.83953.89181.77982.50932.99142.50932.9914
H92.22662.22661.09662.78173.09172.50933.09172.50931.77982.97393.8395
H102.28542.28541.09523.12282.50932.99142.50932.99141.77983.83953.8918
H112.22662.22662.78171.09663.09172.50933.09172.50932.97393.83951.7798
H122.28542.28543.12281.09522.50932.99142.50932.99143.83953.89181.7798

picture of cyclobutane state 1 conformation 1
More geometry information
Calculated Bond Angles
atom1 atom2 atom3 angle atom1 atom2 atom3 angle
C1 C3 C2 88.921 C1 C3 H9 112.102
C1 C3 H10 117.056 C1 C4 C2 88.921
C1 C4 H11 112.102 C1 C4 H12 117.056
C2 C3 H9 112.102 C2 C3 H10 117.056
C2 C4 H11 112.102 C2 C4 H12 117.056
C3 C1 C4 88.921 C3 C1 H5 112.102
C3 C1 H6 117.056 C3 C2 C4 88.921
C3 C2 H7 112.102 C3 C2 H8 117.056
C4 C1 H5 112.102 C4 C1 H6 117.056
C4 C2 H7 112.102 C4 C2 H8 117.056
H5 C1 H6 108.594 H7 C2 H8 108.594
H9 C3 H10 108.594 H11 C4 H12 108.594
Electronic energy levels

Electronic state

Charges, Dipole, Quadrupole and Polarizability
Charges from optimized geometry at B3LYP/SDD Charges (e)
Number Element Mulliken CHELPG AIM ESP
1 C -0.394      
2 C -0.394      
3 C -0.394      
4 C -0.394      
5 H 0.192      
6 H 0.201      
7 H 0.192      
8 H 0.201      
9 H 0.192      
10 H 0.201      
11 H 0.192      
12 H 0.201      


Electric dipole moments
Electric dipole components in Debye
(What's a Debye? See section VII.A.3)
  x y z Total
  0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000
CHELPG        
AIM        
ESP        


Electric Quadrupole moment
Quadrupole components in D Å
Primitive
 xyz
x -26.853 0.000 0.000
y 0.000 -26.853 0.000
z 0.000 0.000 -25.239
Traceless
 xyz
x -0.807 0.000 0.000
y 0.000 -0.807 0.000
z 0.000 0.000 1.615
Polar
3z2-r23.229
x2-y20.000
xy0.000
xz0.000
yz0.000


Polarizabilities
Components of the polarizability tensor.
Units are Å3 (Angstrom cubed)
Change units.
  x y z
x 6.219 0.000 0.000
y 0.000 6.219 0.000
z 0.000 0.000 5.369


<r2> (average value of r2) Å2
<r2> 76.191
(<r2>)1/2 8.729