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All results from a given calculation for C4H6O2 (γ–Butyrolactone)

using model chemistry: B3LYP/SDD

19 10 17 12 22

States and conformations

State Conformation minimum conformation conformer description state description
1 1 yes C1 1A
Energy calculated at B3LYP/SDD
 hartrees
Energy at 0K-306.445511
Energy at 298.15K 
HF Energy-306.445511
Nuclear repulsion energy236.469522
The energy at 298.15K was derived from the energy at 0K and an integrated heat capacity that used the calculated vibrational frequencies.
Vibrational Frequencies calculated at B3LYP/SDD
Mode Number Symmetry Frequency
(cm-1)
Scaled Frequency
(cm-1)
IR Intensities
(km mol-1)
Raman Act
4/u)
Dep P Dep U
1 A 3180 3057 37.32      
2 A 3165 3043 12.82      
3 A 3151 3029 16.06      
4 A 3091 2972 35.01      
5 A 3089 2969 35.43      
6 A 3078 2959 12.04      
7 A 1757 1689 359.65      
8 A 1536 1476 1.23      
9 A 1522 1463 11.76      
10 A 1494 1437 16.68      
11 A 1387 1333 2.15      
12 A 1363 1310 1.96      
13 A 1324 1273 5.42      
14 A 1251 1203 4.09      
15 A 1225 1178 3.65      
16 A 1189 1143 2.27      
17 A 1139 1095 200.90      
18 A 1110 1067 40.86      
19 A 1057 1016 28.29      
20 A 985 947 62.50      
21 A 933 897 11.32      
22 A 900 865 8.54      
23 A 866 832 28.31      
24 A 788 758 13.19      
25 A 663 637 2.84      
26 A 633 609 8.13      
27 A 527 507 3.66      
28 A 467 449 3.55      
29 A 190 183 4.62      
30 A 145 140 0.92      

Unscaled Zero Point Vibrational Energy (zpe) 21603.2 cm-1
Scaled (by 0.9613) Zero Point Vibrational Energy (zpe) 20767.1 cm-1
See section III.C.1 List or set vibrational scaling factors to change the scale factors used here.
See section III.C.2 Calculate a vibrational scaling factor for a given set of molecules to determine the least squares best scaling factor.
Rotational Constants (cm-1) from geometry optimized at B3LYP/SDD
ABC
0.23678 0.11458 0.08190

See section I.F.4 to change rotational constant units
Geometric Data calculated at B3LYP/SDD

Point Group is C1

Cartesians (Å)
Atom x (Å) y (Å) z (Å)
C1 0.904 -0.002 0.004
C2 -0.014 1.217 0.160
C3 -1.418 0.689 -0.209
C4 -1.316 -0.821 0.124
O5 0.118 -1.161 -0.046
O6 2.131 -0.037 -0.065
H7 0.342 2.035 -0.471
H8 0.041 1.553 1.204
H9 -1.607 0.828 -1.279
H10 -2.225 1.176 0.347
H11 -1.880 -1.466 -0.552
H12 -1.591 -1.041 1.163

Atom - Atom Distances (Å)
  C1 C2 C3 C4 O5 O6 H7 H8 H9 H10 H11 H12
C11.53422.43162.36921.40081.23012.16592.14532.93853.36023.19372.9405
C21.53421.54482.41892.39062.49571.09261.09802.18142.21863.34522.9314
C32.43161.54481.54912.40963.62572.23152.20711.09561.09402.23062.2143
C42.36922.41891.54911.48393.54063.35572.93952.18432.20481.09181.0962
O51.40082.39062.40961.48392.30543.23182.98842.90663.33192.08332.0965
O61.23012.49573.62573.54062.30542.76812.91724.02404.54044.28554.0461
H72.16591.09262.23153.35573.23182.76811.76892.43072.82744.14783.9836
H82.14531.09802.20712.93952.98842.91721.76893.06692.45113.98593.0649
H92.93852.18141.09562.18432.90664.02402.43073.06691.77422.42203.0748
H103.36022.21861.09402.20483.33194.54042.82742.45111.77422.81252.4459
H113.19373.34522.23061.09182.08334.28554.14783.98592.42202.81251.7900
H122.94052.93142.21431.09622.09654.04613.98363.06493.07482.44591.7900

picture of γ–Butyrolactone state 1 conformation 1
More geometry information
Calculated Bond Angles
atom1 atom2 atom3 angle atom1 atom2 atom3 angle
C1 C2 C3 104.319 C1 C2 H7 109.946
C1 C2 H8 108.037 C1 O5 C4 110.401
C2 C1 O5 108.996 C2 C1 O6 128.734
C2 C3 C4 102.854 C2 C3 H9 110.251
C2 C3 H10 113.337 C3 C2 H7 114.492
C3 C2 H8 112.150 C3 C4 O5 105.188
C3 C4 H11 114.152 C3 C4 H12 112.538
C4 C3 H9 110.183 C4 C3 H10 111.907
O5 C1 O6 122.268 O5 C4 H11 106.979
O5 C4 H12 107.746 H7 C2 H8 107.708
H9 C3 H10 108.247 H11 C4 H12 109.790
Electronic energy levels
Charges, Dipole, Quadrupole and Polarizability
Charges from optimized geometry at B3LYP/SDD Charges (e)
Number Element Mulliken CHELPG AIM ESP
1 C 0.254      
2 C -0.485      
3 C -0.398      
4 C -0.241      
5 O -0.259      
6 O -0.232      
7 H 0.251      
8 H 0.236      
9 H 0.223      
10 H 0.219      
11 H 0.225      
12 H 0.208      


Electric dipole moments
Electric dipole components in Debye
(What's a Debye? See section VII.A.3)
  x y z Total
  -5.064 2.170 0.491 5.531
CHELPG        
AIM        
ESP        


Electric Quadrupole moment
Quadrupole components in D Å
Primitive
 xyz
x -41.070 2.335 0.274
y 2.335 -35.962 -0.191
z 0.274 -0.191 -33.380
Traceless
 xyz
x -6.399 2.335 0.274
y 2.335 1.263 -0.191
z 0.274 -0.191 5.136
Polar
3z2-r210.272
x2-y2-5.109
xy2.335
xz0.274
yz-0.191


Polarizabilities
Components of the polarizability tensor.
Units are Å3 (Angstrom cubed)
Change units.
  x y z
x 8.216 0.460 -0.096
y 0.460 6.275 0.037
z -0.096 0.037 5.005


<r2> (average value of r2) Å2
<r2> 144.579
(<r2>)1/2 12.024