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All results from a given calculation for CH3CHCH2CH3 (2-Butyl radical)

using model chemistry: HF/aug-cc-pVDZ

19 10 17 12 22

States and conformations

State Conformation minimum conformation conformer description state description
1 1 yes C1 1A
Energy calculated at HF/aug-cc-pVDZ
 hartrees
Energy at 0K-156.688285
Energy at 298.15K-156.697134
Nuclear repulsion energy121.938442
The energy at 298.15K was derived from the energy at 0K and an integrated heat capacity that used the calculated vibrational frequencies.
Vibrational Frequencies calculated at HF/aug-cc-pVDZ
Mode Number Symmetry Frequency
(cm-1)
Scaled Frequency
(cm-1)
IR Intensities
(km mol-1)
Raman Act
4/u)
Dep P Dep U
1 A 3282 2989 44.73      
2 A 3231 2942 50.78      
3 A 3230 2941 30.89      
4 A 3226 2938 63.52      
5 A 3185 2901 42.46      
6 A 3163 2880 19.85      
7 A 3160 2877 39.62      
8 A 3111 2833 60.10      
9 A 3093 2817 41.37      
10 A 1598 1455 3.61      
11 A 1591 1449 6.18      
12 A 1582 1441 4.41      
13 A 1576 1435 1.97      
14 A 1573 1432 4.49      
15 A 1534 1397 0.28      
16 A 1517 1382 3.46      
17 A 1501 1367 0.15      
18 A 1407 1282 7.72      
19 A 1371 1248 0.17      
20 A 1261 1148 0.28      
21 A 1192 1085 0.06      
22 A 1156 1053 1.68      
23 A 1092 995 0.22      
24 A 1052 958 1.39      
25 A 1037 944 1.31      
26 A 895 815 0.25      
27 A 822 749 0.52      
28 A 473 431 14.71      
29 A 445 406 4.15      
30 A 274 249 0.94      
31 A 260 237 0.09      
32 A 151 138 0.07      
33 A 78 71 0.07      

Unscaled Zero Point Vibrational Energy (zpe) 27059.6 cm-1
Scaled (by 0.9106) Zero Point Vibrational Energy (zpe) 24640.5 cm-1
See section III.C.1 List or set vibrational scaling factors to change the scale factors used here.
See section III.C.2 Calculate a vibrational scaling factor for a given set of molecules to determine the least squares best scaling factor.
Rotational Constants (cm-1) from geometry optimized at HF/aug-cc-pVDZ
ABC
0.88864 0.12086 0.11367

See section I.F.4 to change rotational constant units
Geometric Data calculated at HF/aug-cc-pVDZ

Point Group is C1

Cartesians (Å)
Atom x (Å) y (Å) z (Å)
C1 1.989 -0.051 -0.057
H2 2.090 -0.840 -0.806
H3 2.689 0.746 -0.308
H4 2.308 -0.477 0.903
C5 0.579 0.458 0.009
H6 0.422 1.465 0.378
C7 -0.573 -0.503 0.089
H8 -0.545 -1.031 1.053
H9 -0.450 -1.277 -0.674
C10 -1.938 0.164 -0.074
H11 -2.102 0.916 0.701
H12 -2.017 0.660 -1.043
H13 -2.743 -0.568 -0.004

Atom - Atom Distances (Å)
  C1 H2 H3 H4 C5 H6 C7 H8 H9 C10 H11 H12 H13
C11.09231.09021.09761.50032.22362.60582.93452.79843.93324.27154.18654.7606
H21.09231.76691.76062.15163.08182.82953.23002.58044.21544.78794.37864.9065
H31.09021.76691.76302.15292.47543.51563.93273.75224.66964.89914.76395.5972
H41.09761.76061.76302.15922.75772.99382.90983.27584.40424.62914.87705.1326
C51.50032.15162.15292.15921.08471.50242.13732.12932.53592.80672.80853.4772
H62.22363.08182.47542.75771.08472.22452.76033.06402.73292.60342.93563.7817
C72.60582.82953.51562.99381.50242.22451.09881.09391.52842.17352.17262.1730
H82.93453.23003.93272.90982.13732.76031.09881.74672.15402.51733.06892.4824
H92.79842.58043.75223.27582.12933.06401.09391.74672.15703.07042.51902.4920
C103.93324.21544.66964.40422.53592.73291.52842.15402.15701.09171.09111.0908
H114.27154.78794.89914.62912.80672.60342.17352.51733.07041.09171.76431.7635
H124.18654.37864.76394.87702.80852.93562.17263.06892.51901.09111.76431.7655
H134.76064.90655.59725.13263.47723.78172.17302.48242.49201.09081.76351.7655

picture of 2-Butyl radical state 1 conformation 1
More geometry information
Calculated Bond Angles
atom1 atom2 atom3 angle atom1 atom2 atom3 angle
C1 C5 H6 117.780 C1 C5 C7 120.411
H2 C1 H3 108.106 H2 C1 H4 107.015
H2 C1 C5 111.200 H3 C1 H4 107.379
H3 C1 C5 111.437 H4 C1 C5 111.491
C5 C7 H8 109.529 C5 C7 H9 109.183
C5 C7 C10 113.583 H6 C5 C7 117.689
C7 C10 H11 111.013 C7 C10 H12 110.972
C7 C10 H13 111.021 H8 C7 H9 105.614
H8 C7 C10 109.054 H9 C7 C10 109.571
H11 C10 H12 107.860 H11 C10 H13 107.810
H12 C10 H13 108.024
Electronic energy levels
Charges, Dipole, Quadrupole and Polarizability
Charges from optimized geometry at HF/aug-cc-pVDZ Charges (e)
Number Element Mulliken CHELPG AIM ESP
1 C 0.332      
2 H -0.065      
3 H -0.060      
4 H -0.004      
5 C 0.133      
6 H -0.440      
7 C 0.008      
8 H -0.080      
9 H -0.068      
10 C 0.458      
11 H -0.075      
12 H -0.051      
13 H -0.086      


Electric dipole moments
Electric dipole components in Debye
(What's a Debye? See section VII.A.3)
  x y z Total
  0.049 -0.159 0.234 0.287
CHELPG        
AIM        
ESP        


Electric Quadrupole moment
Quadrupole components in D Å
Primitive
 xyz
x -28.167 0.278 -0.001
y 0.278 -27.770 0.521
z -0.001 0.521 -28.157
Traceless
 xyz
x -0.204 0.278 -0.001
y 0.278 0.393 0.521
z -0.001 0.521 -0.189
Polar
3z2-r2-0.377
x2-y2-0.398
xy0.278
xz-0.001
yz0.521


Polarizabilities
Components of the polarizability tensor.
Units are Å3 (Angstrom cubed)
Change units.
  x y z
x 8.415 -0.075 0.009
y -0.075 6.999 -0.034
z 0.009 -0.034 6.453


<r2> (average value of r2) Å2
<r2> 117.209
(<r2>)1/2 10.826