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All results from a given calculation for CH3CHCH2CH3 (2-Butyl radical)

using model chemistry: wB97X-D/aug-cc-pVTZ

19 10 17 12 22

States and conformations

State Conformation minimum conformation conformer description state description
1 1 yes C1 1A
Energy calculated at wB97X-D/aug-cc-pVTZ
 hartrees
Energy at 0K-157.796450
Energy at 298.15K-157.805029
HF Energy-157.796450
Nuclear repulsion energy122.521360
The energy at 298.15K was derived from the energy at 0K and an integrated heat capacity that used the calculated vibrational frequencies.
Vibrational Frequencies calculated at wB97X-D/aug-cc-pVTZ
Mode Number Symmetry Frequency
(cm-1)
Scaled Frequency
(cm-1)
IR Intensities
(km mol-1)
Raman Act
4/u)
Dep P Dep U
1 A 3186 3048 23.16      
2 A 3130 2994 29.98      
3 A 3125 2989 20.82      
4 A 3121 2985 33.89      
5 A 3052 2919 28.72      
6 A 3042 2910 28.95      
7 A 3012 2881 27.88      
8 A 2982 2852 42.14      
9 A 2959 2831 36.83      
10 A 1515 1449 4.38      
11 A 1505 1440 7.45      
12 A 1494 1429 7.38      
13 A 1478 1414 1.31      
14 A 1476 1412 7.15      
15 A 1437 1375 2.12      
16 A 1424 1362 3.80      
17 A 1408 1347 2.14      
18 A 1325 1268 4.53      
19 A 1280 1225 0.09      
20 A 1193 1142 0.24      
21 A 1142 1093 0.41      
22 A 1076 1029 1.06      
23 A 1046 1001 0.22      
24 A 1002 958 3.15      
25 A 979 937 0.59      
26 A 863 825 0.25      
27 A 781 747 0.86      
28 A 438 419 0.24      
29 A 382 366 24.70      
30 A 267 255 0.81      
31 A 247 237 0.33      
32 A 111 106 0.26      
33 A 85 82 0.04      

Unscaled Zero Point Vibrational Energy (zpe) 25780.5 cm-1
Scaled (by 0.9566) Zero Point Vibrational Energy (zpe) 24661.7 cm-1
See section III.C.1 List or set vibrational scaling factors to change the scale factors used here.
See section III.C.2 Calculate a vibrational scaling factor for a given set of molecules to determine the least squares best scaling factor.
Rotational Constants (cm-1) from geometry optimized at wB97X-D/aug-cc-pVTZ
ABC
0.89856 0.12246 0.11489

See section I.F.4 to change rotational constant units
Geometric Data calculated at wB97X-D/aug-cc-pVTZ

Point Group is C1

Cartesians (Å)
Atom x (Å) y (Å) z (Å)
C1 1.973 -0.045 -0.075
H2 2.049 -0.833 -0.829
H3 2.663 0.754 -0.346
H4 2.338 -0.480 0.866
C5 0.577 0.446 0.051
H6 0.410 1.466 0.376
C7 -0.567 -0.502 0.103
H8 -0.565 -1.032 1.068
H9 -0.425 -1.284 -0.651
C10 -1.925 0.166 -0.091
H11 -2.096 0.927 0.673
H12 -1.983 0.653 -1.065
H13 -2.736 -0.560 -0.026

Atom - Atom Distances (Å)
  C1 H2 H3 H4 C5 H6 C7 H8 H9 C10 H11 H12 H13
C11.09321.08991.09901.48512.22062.58742.95342.76063.90444.24974.13774.7371
H21.09321.76861.75542.13933.07022.79743.23642.52214.16444.74704.30414.8596
H31.08991.76861.76002.14532.47033.49473.95063.71294.63284.86944.70255.5653
H41.09901.75541.76002.14982.78313.00412.96213.25344.41714.65574.86675.1522
C51.48512.13932.14532.14981.08431.48692.12632.11922.52222.78612.80073.4630
H62.22063.07022.47032.78311.08432.21482.76973.05292.71372.58052.90993.7636
C72.58742.79743.49473.00411.48692.21481.10071.09551.52592.16862.16832.1729
H82.95343.23643.95062.96212.12632.76971.10071.74252.15112.51703.06522.4759
H92.76062.52213.71293.25342.11923.05291.09551.74252.16053.07102.52012.5004
C103.90444.16444.63284.41712.52222.71371.52592.15112.16051.09111.09021.0899
H114.24974.74704.86944.65572.78612.58052.16862.51703.07101.09111.76231.7631
H124.13774.30414.70254.86672.80072.90992.16833.06522.52011.09021.76231.7649
H134.73714.85965.56535.15223.46303.76362.17292.47592.50041.08991.76311.7649

picture of 2-Butyl radical state 1 conformation 1
More geometry information
Calculated Bond Angles
atom1 atom2 atom3 angle atom1 atom2 atom3 angle
C1 C5 H6 118.769 C1 C5 C7 121.061
H2 C1 H3 108.220 H2 C1 H4 106.407
H2 C1 C5 111.236 H3 C1 H4 107.041
H3 C1 C5 111.935 H4 C1 C5 111.728
C5 C7 H8 109.616 C5 C7 H9 109.362
C5 C7 C10 113.679 H6 C5 C7 118.107
C7 C10 H11 110.826 C7 C10 H12 110.860
C7 C10 H13 111.243 H8 C7 H9 105.008
H8 C7 C10 108.889 H9 C7 C10 109.925
H11 C10 H12 107.784 H11 C10 H13 107.881
H12 C10 H13 108.109
Electronic energy levels
Charges, Dipole, Quadrupole and Polarizability
Charges from optimized geometry at wB97X-D/aug-cc-pVTZ Charges (e)
Number Element Mulliken CHELPG AIM ESP
1 C -0.905      
2 H 0.282      
3 H 0.230      
4 H 0.280      
5 C -0.495      
6 H 0.474      
7 C -0.227      
8 H 0.245      
9 H 0.278      
10 C -0.940      
11 H 0.268      
12 H 0.268      
13 H 0.242      


Electric dipole moments
Electric dipole components in Debye
(What's a Debye? See section VII.A.3)
  x y z Total
  0.049 -0.192 0.125 0.235
CHELPG        
AIM        
ESP        


Electric Quadrupole moment
Quadrupole components in D Å
Primitive
 xyz
x -27.537 0.241 -0.025
y 0.241 -27.340 0.301
z -0.025 0.301 -28.007
Traceless
 xyz
x 0.136 0.241 -0.025
y 0.241 0.432 0.301
z -0.025 0.301 -0.568
Polar
3z2-r2-1.137
x2-y2-0.197
xy0.241
xz-0.025
yz0.301


Polarizabilities
Components of the polarizability tensor.
Units are Å3 (Angstrom cubed)
Change units.
  x y z
x 9.115 -0.094 0.006
y -0.094 7.522 -0.059
z 0.006 -0.059 6.839


<r2> (average value of r2) Å2
<r2> 115.886
(<r2>)1/2 10.765