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All results from a given calculation for CH3CH2CH2CH3 (Butane)

using model chemistry: B3LYPultrafine/6-31G(2df,p)

19 10 17 12 22

States and conformations

State Conformation minimum conformation conformer description state description
1 1 yes Anti 1Ag
Energy calculated at B3LYPultrafine/6-31G(2df,p)
 hartrees
Energy at 0K-158.472653
Energy at 298.15K-158.483262
HF Energy-158.472653
Nuclear repulsion energy130.254598
The energy at 298.15K was derived from the energy at 0K and an integrated heat capacity that used the calculated vibrational frequencies.
Vibrational Frequencies calculated at B3LYPultrafine/6-31G(2df,p)
Mode Number Symmetry Frequency
(cm-1)
Scaled Frequency
(cm-1)
IR Intensities
(km mol-1)
Raman Act
4/u)
Dep P Dep U
Au 121 117 0.01      
Au 224 216 0.00      
Bu 256 247 0.07      
Bg 262 253 0.00      
Ag 422 407 0.00      
Au 736 710 3.34      
Bg 809 781 0.00      
Ag 841 812 0.00      
Au 960 926 0.97      
Bu 980 945 4.66      
Bu 1018 982 0.08      
Ag 1067 1030 0.00      
Ag 1170 1129 0.00      
Bg 1213 1170 0.00      
Au 1290 1245 0.09      
Bu 1324 1278 7.05      
Bg 1332 1285 0.00      
Ag 1395 1346 0.00      
Ag 1411 1362 0.00      
Bu 1413 1363 1.77      
Ag 1485 1433 0.00      
Bu 1491 1438 1.31      
Bg 1499 1447 0.00      
Au 1501 1448 9.80      
Ag 1506 1453 0.00      
Bu 1513 1460 3.63      
Ag 3008 2903 0.00      
Bu 3016 2910 44.32      
Bu 3028 2922 74.92      
Ag 3028 2922 0.00      
Bg 3030 2924 0.00      
Au 3053 2946 23.85      
Bg 3092 2984 0.00      
Au 3096 2988 107.39      
Ag 3099 2990 0.00      
Bu 3100 2991 75.54      

Unscaled Zero Point Vibrational Energy (zpe) 28892.5 cm-1
Scaled (by 0.965) Zero Point Vibrational Energy (zpe) 27881.3 cm-1
See section III.C.1 List or set vibrational scaling factors to change the scale factors used here.
See section III.C.2 Calculate a vibrational scaling factor for a given set of molecules to determine the least squares best scaling factor.
Rotational Constants (cm-1) from geometry optimized at B3LYPultrafine/6-31G(2df,p)
ABC
0.78169 0.12026 0.11295

See section I.F.4 to change rotational constant units
Geometric Data calculated at B3LYPultrafine/6-31G(2df,p)

Point Group is C2h

Cartesians (Å)
Atom x (Å) y (Å) z (Å)
C1 -0.422 0.640 0.000
C2 0.422 -0.640 0.000
C3 0.422 1.918 0.000
C4 -0.422 -1.918 0.000
H5 -1.083 0.636 0.877
H6 -1.083 0.636 -0.877
H7 1.083 -0.636 0.877
H8 1.083 -0.636 -0.877
H9 -0.208 2.814 0.000
H10 1.068 1.965 0.884
H11 1.068 1.965 -0.884
H12 0.208 -2.814 0.000
H13 -1.068 -1.965 0.884
H14 -1.068 -1.965 -0.884

Atom - Atom Distances (Å)
  C1 C2 C3 C4 H5 H6 H7 H8 H9 H10 H11 H12 H13 H14
C11.53271.53122.55821.09821.09822.15892.15892.18452.18092.18093.51082.82612.8261
C21.53272.55821.53122.15892.15891.09821.09823.51082.82612.82612.18452.18092.1809
C31.53122.55823.92802.16222.16222.78062.78061.09461.09581.09584.73714.25244.2524
C42.55821.53123.92802.78062.78062.16222.16224.73714.25244.25241.09461.09581.0958
H51.09822.15892.16222.78061.75372.51183.06342.50542.52833.08083.78672.60183.1414
H61.09822.15892.16222.78061.75373.06342.51182.50543.08082.52833.78673.14142.6018
H72.15891.09822.78062.16222.51183.06341.75373.78672.60183.14142.50542.52833.0808
H82.15891.09822.78062.16223.06342.51181.75373.78673.14142.60182.50543.08082.5283
H92.18453.51081.09464.73712.50542.50543.78673.78671.76861.76865.64334.93604.9360
H102.18092.82611.09584.25242.52833.08082.60183.14141.76861.76714.93604.47384.8102
H112.18092.82611.09584.25243.08082.52833.14142.60181.76861.76714.93604.81024.4738
H123.51082.18454.73711.09463.78673.78672.50542.50545.64334.93604.93601.76861.7686
H132.82612.18094.25241.09582.60183.14142.52833.08084.93604.47384.81021.76861.7671
H142.82612.18094.25241.09583.14142.60183.08082.52834.93604.81024.47381.76861.7671

picture of Butane state 1 conformation 1
More geometry information
Calculated Bond Angles
atom1 atom2 atom3 angle atom1 atom2 atom3 angle
C1 C2 C4 113.220 C1 C2 H7 109.171
C1 C2 H8 109.171 C1 C3 H9 111.511
C1 C3 H11 111.149 C1 C3 H12 30.819
C2 C1 C3 113.220 C2 C1 H5 109.171
C2 C1 H6 109.171 C2 C4 H10 17.202
C2 C4 H13 111.149 C2 C4 H14 111.149
C3 C1 H5 109.530 C3 C1 H6 109.530
C4 C2 H7 109.530 C4 C2 H8 109.530
H5 C1 H6 105.961 H7 C2 H8 105.961
H9 C3 H11 107.685 H9 C3 H12 142.330
H10 C4 H13 94.501 H10 C4 H14 114.428
H11 C3 H12 93.997 H13 C4 H14 107.472
Electronic energy levels
Charges, Dipole, Quadrupole and Polarizability
Charges from optimized geometry at B3LYPultrafine/6-31G(2df,p) Charges (e)
Number Element Mulliken CHELPG AIM ESP
1 C -0.141      
2 C -0.141      
3 C -0.377      
4 C -0.377      
5 H 0.092      
6 H 0.092      
7 H 0.092      
8 H 0.092      
9 H 0.110      
10 H 0.112      
11 H 0.112      
12 H 0.110      
13 H 0.112      
14 H 0.112      


Electric dipole moments
Electric dipole components in Debye
(What's a Debye? See section VII.A.3)
  x y z Total
  0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000
CHELPG        
AIM        
ESP        


Electric Quadrupole moment
Quadrupole components in D Å
Primitive
 xyz
x -28.244 -0.359 0.000
y -0.359 -28.722 0.000
z 0.000 0.000 -27.628
Traceless
 xyz
x -0.069 -0.359 0.000
y -0.359 -0.786 0.000
z 0.000 0.000 0.855
Polar
3z2-r21.711
x2-y20.478
xy-0.359
xz0.000
yz0.000


Polarizabilities
Components of the polarizability tensor.
Units are Å3 (Angstrom cubed)
Change units.
  x y z
x 6.417 0.203 0.000
y 0.203 7.714 0.000
z 0.000 0.000 6.191


<r2> (average value of r2) Å2
<r2> 119.393
(<r2>)1/2 10.927