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All results from a given calculation for C4H8Cl2 (Butane, 1,3-dichloro-)

using model chemistry: PBEPBE/6-31G(2df,p)

19 10 17 12 22

States and conformations

State Conformation minimum conformation conformer description state description
1 1 yes C1 1A
Energy calculated at PBEPBE/6-31G(2df,p)
 hartrees
Energy at 0K-1077.036473
Energy at 298.15K-1077.045374
Nuclear repulsion energy348.076216
The energy at 298.15K was derived from the energy at 0K and an integrated heat capacity that used the calculated vibrational frequencies.
Vibrational Frequencies calculated at PBEPBE/6-31G(2df,p)
Mode Number Symmetry Frequency
(cm-1)
Scaled Frequency
(cm-1)
IR Intensities
(km mol-1)
Raman Act
4/u)
Dep P Dep U
1 A 3090 3058 4.49      
2 A 3083 3052 10.61      
3 A 3061 3030 14.07      
4 A 3036 3004 8.75      
5 A 3018 2987 9.91      
6 A 3006 2975 4.74      
7 A 2982 2951 19.68      
8 A 2977 2946 0.80      
9 A 1445 1430 2.49      
10 A 1437 1422 4.61      
11 A 1434 1419 5.49      
12 A 1419 1405 0.94      
13 A 1356 1342 4.36      
14 A 1334 1321 9.44      
15 A 1289 1275 6.16      
16 A 1273 1260 8.30      
17 A 1232 1219 15.50      
18 A 1214 1201 22.95      
19 A 1136 1124 11.53      
20 A 1089 1078 1.55      
21 A 1084 1073 7.06      
22 A 1037 1026 1.67      
23 A 998 987 17.67      
24 A 926 917 1.90      
25 A 888 879 5.77      
26 A 757 749 12.63      
27 A 740 732 30.76      
28 A 610 603 26.77      
29 A 424 419 2.82      
30 A 397 393 5.25      
31 A 327 323 3.62      
32 A 246 244 0.32      
33 A 236 233 0.18      
34 A 145 144 2.05      
35 A 116 115 1.21      
36 A 76 75 3.15      

Unscaled Zero Point Vibrational Energy (zpe) 24457.6 cm-1
Scaled (by 0.9897) Zero Point Vibrational Energy (zpe) 24205.7 cm-1
See section III.C.1 List or set vibrational scaling factors to change the scale factors used here.
See section III.C.2 Calculate a vibrational scaling factor for a given set of molecules to determine the least squares best scaling factor.
Rotational Constants (cm-1) from geometry optimized at PBEPBE/6-31G(2df,p)
ABC
0.14662 0.03134 0.02693

See section I.F.4 to change rotational constant units
Geometric Data calculated at PBEPBE/6-31G(2df,p)

Point Group is C1

Cartesians (Å)
Atom x (Å) y (Å) z (Å)
C1 -2.193 1.515 -0.105
H2 -2.223 1.543 -1.205
H3 -3.210 1.325 0.268
H4 -1.866 2.504 0.260
C5 -1.223 0.446 0.383
H6 -1.228 0.394 1.484
Cl7 -1.838 -1.198 -0.137
C8 0.203 0.657 -0.133
H9 0.513 1.677 0.157
H10 0.207 0.617 -1.235
C11 1.203 -0.347 0.428
H12 1.238 -0.318 1.527
H13 0.976 -1.371 0.103
Cl14 2.876 0.022 -0.145

Atom - Atom Distances (Å)
  C1 H2 H3 H4 C5 H6 Cl7 C8 H9 H10 C11 H12 H13 Cl14
C11.10121.09951.10341.52322.17042.73632.54492.72302.80083.90974.21834.29125.2848
H21.10121.78601.78812.17363.08882.96712.79673.05902.60124.24044.78654.52115.4263
H31.09951.78601.78772.17522.50462.89983.50033.74083.79934.72194.90594.98146.2378
H41.10341.78811.78772.15922.52083.72322.80132.52063.17714.19264.38244.80815.3683
C51.52322.17362.17522.15921.10231.83081.53072.14002.16612.55332.81982.86644.1552
H62.17043.08882.50462.52081.10232.35272.17432.53693.08212.75222.56683.14294.4312
Cl72.73632.96712.89983.72321.83082.35272.75783.72562.94713.20853.60632.82964.8699
C82.54492.79673.50032.80131.53072.17432.75781.10521.10291.52412.18582.18312.7481
H92.72303.05903.74082.52062.14002.53693.72561.10521.77562.15602.52743.08392.9016
H102.80082.60123.79933.17712.16613.08212.94711.10291.77562.16483.09312.51712.9438
C113.90974.24044.72194.19262.55332.75223.20851.52412.15602.16481.10051.09821.8065
H124.21834.78654.90594.38242.81982.56683.60632.18582.52743.09311.10051.79012.3661
H134.29124.52114.98144.80812.86643.14292.82962.18313.08392.51711.09821.79012.3694
Cl145.28485.42636.23785.36834.15524.43124.86992.74812.90162.94381.80652.36612.3694

picture of Butane, 1,3-dichloro- state 1 conformation 1
More geometry information
Calculated Bond Angles
atom1 atom2 atom3 angle atom1 atom2 atom3 angle
C1 C5 H6 110.487 C1 C5 Cl7 108.994
C1 C5 C8 112.883 H2 C1 H3 108.497
H2 C1 H4 108.400 H2 C1 C5 110.811
H3 C1 H4 108.480 H3 C1 C5 111.037
H4 C1 C5 109.543 C5 C8 H9 107.465
C5 C8 H10 109.602 C5 C8 C11 113.407
H6 C5 Cl7 103.880 H6 C5 C8 110.278
Cl7 C5 C8 109.930 C8 C11 H12 111.767
C8 C11 H13 111.688 C8 C11 Cl14 110.917
H9 C8 H10 107.060 H9 C8 C11 109.131
H10 C8 C11 109.951 H12 C11 H13 109.010
H12 C11 Cl14 106.425 H13 C11 Cl14 106.773
Electronic energy levels
Charges, Dipole, Quadrupole and Polarizability
Charges from optimized geometry at PBEPBE/6-31G(2df,p) Charges (e)
Number Element Mulliken CHELPG AIM ESP
1 C -0.417      
2 H 0.150      
3 H 0.151      
4 H 0.139      
5 C -0.023      
6 H 0.141      
7 Cl -0.184      
8 C -0.185      
9 H 0.138      
10 H 0.146      
11 C -0.225      
12 H 0.156      
13 H 0.181      
14 Cl -0.169      


Electric dipole moments
Electric dipole components in Debye
(What's a Debye? See section VII.A.3)
  x y z Total
  -1.375 1.703 0.973 2.396
CHELPG        
AIM        
ESP        


Electric Quadrupole moment
Quadrupole components in D Å
Primitive
 xyz
x -58.462 -3.623 0.056
y -3.623 -50.468 0.074
z 0.056 0.074 -49.774
Traceless
 xyz
x -8.341 -3.623 0.056
y -3.623 3.651 0.074
z 0.056 0.074 4.691
Polar
3z2-r29.381
x2-y2-7.995
xy-3.623
xz0.056
yz0.074


Polarizabilities
Components of the polarizability tensor.
Units are Å3 (Angstrom cubed)
Change units.
  x y z
x 12.571 0.248 -0.189
y 0.248 10.157 0.122
z -0.189 0.122 8.184


<r2> (average value of r2) Å2
<r2> 0.000
(<r2>)1/2 0.000