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All results from a given calculation for C(CH3)3 (Tert-butyl radical)

using model chemistry: B3LYP/6-31G(2df,p)

19 10 17 12 22

States and conformations

State Conformation minimum conformation conformer description state description
1 1 yes C3V 2A"
Energy calculated at B3LYP/6-31G(2df,p)
 hartrees
Energy at 0K-157.812298
Energy at 298.15K-157.820670
Nuclear repulsion energy125.078652
The energy at 298.15K was derived from the energy at 0K and an integrated heat capacity that used the calculated vibrational frequencies.
Vibrational Frequencies calculated at B3LYP/6-31G(2df,p)
Mode Number Symmetry Frequency
(cm-1)
Scaled Frequency
(cm-1)
IR Intensities
(km mol-1)
Raman Act
4/u)
Dep P Dep U
1 A' 3087 2979 46.31      
2 A' 3040 2933 40.75      
3 A' 3037 2930 19.31      
4 A' 2942 2839 70.39      
5 A' 2932 2830 33.88      
6 A' 1494 1442 1.89      
7 A' 1486 1434 12.80      
8 A' 1469 1417 2.15      
9 A' 1427 1377 1.06      
10 A' 1397 1348 1.30      
11 A' 1295 1250 7.17      
12 A' 1092 1054 0.02      
13 A' 1009 974 1.93      
14 A' 939 906 0.78      
15 A' 757 731 0.57      
16 A' 376 363 0.10      
17 A' 256 247 2.70      
18 A' 121 117 0.00      
19 A" 3087 2979 46.69      
20 A" 3082 2974 0.05      
21 A" 3036 2930 18.89      
22 A" 2932 2829 33.76      
23 A" 1494 1442 1.88      
24 A" 1470 1418 0.14      
25 A" 1469 1418 1.99      
26 A" 1397 1348 1.29      
27 A" 1296 1251 7.19      
28 A" 1009 974 1.91      
29 A" 970 936 0.00      
30 A" 939 906 0.79      
31 A" 377 364 0.10      
32 A" 130 126 0.00      
33 A" 124 120 0.00      

Unscaled Zero Point Vibrational Energy (zpe) 25482.4 cm-1
Scaled (by 0.965) Zero Point Vibrational Energy (zpe) 24590.5 cm-1
See section III.C.1 List or set vibrational scaling factors to change the scale factors used here.
See section III.C.2 Calculate a vibrational scaling factor for a given set of molecules to determine the least squares best scaling factor.
Rotational Constants (cm-1) from geometry optimized at B3LYP/6-31G(2df,p)
ABC
0.26579 0.26577 0.14397

See section I.F.4 to change rotational constant units
Geometric Data calculated at B3LYP/6-31G(2df,p)

Point Group is Cs

Cartesians (Å)
Atom x (Å) y (Å) z (Å)
C1 0.000 0.135 0.000
C2 1.488 -0.013 0.000
C3 -0.744 -0.013 1.288
C4 -0.744 -0.013 -1.288
H5 1.803 -1.073 0.000
H6 -0.902 -1.073 1.561
H7 -0.902 -1.073 -1.561
H8 1.942 0.442 -0.888
H9 1.942 0.442 0.888
H10 -0.202 0.441 2.126
H11 -1.740 0.442 1.238
H12 -1.740 0.442 -1.238
H13 -0.202 0.441 -2.126

Atom - Atom Distances (Å)
  C1 C2 C3 C4 H5 H6 H7 H8 H9 H10 H11 H12 H13
C11.49531.49521.49522.17022.17052.17052.15732.15732.15712.15712.15712.1571
C21.49532.57702.57701.10583.04523.04521.09621.09622.75313.48663.48662.7531
C31.49522.57702.57693.04441.10583.04433.48682.75351.09621.09632.75353.4868
C41.49522.57702.57693.04443.04431.10582.75353.48683.48682.75351.09631.0962
H52.17021.10583.04443.04443.12313.12311.76161.76163.29074.04694.04693.2907
H62.17053.04521.10583.04433.12313.12194.04763.29221.76161.76153.29124.0467
H72.17053.04523.04431.10583.12313.12193.29224.04764.04673.29121.76151.7616
H82.15731.09623.48682.75351.76164.04763.29221.77583.69834.25133.69822.4754
H92.15731.09622.75353.48681.76163.29224.04761.77582.47543.69824.25133.6983
H102.15712.75311.09623.48683.29071.76164.04673.69832.47541.77593.69864.2516
H112.15713.48661.09632.75354.04691.76153.29124.25133.69821.77592.47583.6986
H122.15713.48662.75351.09634.04693.29121.76153.69824.25133.69862.47581.7759
H132.15712.75313.48681.09623.29074.04671.76162.47543.69834.25163.69861.7759

picture of Tert-butyl radical state 1 conformation 1
More geometry information
Calculated Bond Angles
atom1 atom2 atom3 angle atom1 atom2 atom3 angle
C1 C2 H5 112.237 C1 C2 H8 111.779
C1 C2 H9 111.779 C1 C3 H6 112.263
C1 C3 H10 111.770 C1 C3 H11 111.766
C1 C4 H7 112.263 C1 C4 H12 111.766
C1 C4 H13 111.770 C2 C1 C3 119.027
C2 C1 C4 119.027 C3 C1 C4 119.023
H5 C2 H8 106.261 H5 C2 H9 106.261
H6 C3 H10 106.256 H6 C3 H11 106.253
H7 C4 H12 106.253 H7 C4 H13 106.256
H8 C2 H9 108.185 H10 C3 H11 108.194
H12 C4 H13 108.194
Electronic energy levels
Charges, Dipole, Quadrupole and Polarizability
Charges from optimized geometry at B3LYP/6-31G(2df,p) Charges (e)
Number Element Mulliken CHELPG AIM ESP
1 C 0.256      
2 C -0.430      
3 C -0.430      
4 C -0.430      
5 H 0.115      
6 H 0.115      
7 H 0.115      
8 H 0.115      
9 H 0.115      
10 H 0.115      
11 H 0.115      
12 H 0.115      
13 H 0.115      


Electric dipole moments
Electric dipole components in Debye
(What's a Debye? See section VII.A.3)
  x y z Total
  0.000 -0.169 0.000 0.169
CHELPG        
AIM        
ESP        


Electric Quadrupole moment
Quadrupole components in D Å
Primitive
 xyz
x -27.129 0.001 0.000
y 0.001 -27.642 0.000
z 0.000 0.000 -27.130
Traceless
 xyz
x 0.257 0.001 0.000
y 0.001 -0.513 0.000
z 0.000 0.000 0.256
Polar
3z2-r20.513
x2-y20.513
xy0.001
xz0.000
yz0.000


Polarizabilities
Components of the polarizability tensor.
Units are Å3 (Angstrom cubed)
Change units.
  x y z
x 7.226 0.000 0.000
y 0.000 5.600 0.000
z 0.000 0.000 7.225


<r2> (average value of r2) Å2
<r2> 98.743
(<r2>)1/2 9.937