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All results from a given calculation for C4H8 (cyclobutane)

using model chemistry: PBEPBE/6-31G(2df,p)

19 10 17 12 22

States and conformations

State Conformation minimum conformation conformer description state description
1 1 yes D2D 1A1
Energy calculated at PBEPBE/6-31G(2df,p)
 hartrees
Energy at 0K-156.995681
Energy at 298.15K-157.004698
HF Energy-156.995681
Nuclear repulsion energy126.451180
The energy at 298.15K was derived from the energy at 0K and an integrated heat capacity that used the calculated vibrational frequencies.
Vibrational Frequencies calculated at PBEPBE/6-31G(2df,p)
Mode Number Symmetry Frequency
(cm-1)
Scaled Frequency
(cm-1)
IR Intensities
(km mol-1)
Raman Act
4/u)
Dep P Dep U
1 A1 3034 3003 0.00      
2 A1 2998 2967 0.00      
3 A1 1467 1452 0.00      
4 A1 1136 1124 0.00      
5 A1 1011 1001 0.00      
6 A1 201 199 0.00      
7 A2 1204 1192 0.00      
8 A2 931 921 0.00      
9 B1 1219 1206 0.00      
10 B1 1126 1114 0.00      
11 B1 935 926 0.00      
12 B2 3065 3033 82.22      
13 B2 2992 2961 9.76      
14 B2 1439 1424 3.37      
15 B2 867 858 0.00      
16 B2 609 603 3.41      
17 E 3048 3017 18.62      
17 E 3048 3017 18.62      
18 E 2992 2961 74.18      
18 E 2992 2961 74.18      
19 E 1428 1413 0.14      
19 E 1428 1413 0.14      
20 E 1244 1231 0.37      
20 E 1244 1231 0.37      
21 E 1213 1200 0.34      
21 E 1213 1200 0.34      
22 E 906 896 1.73      
22 E 906 896 1.73      
23 E 730 723 0.55      
23 E 730 723 0.55      

Unscaled Zero Point Vibrational Energy (zpe) 23677.1 cm-1
Scaled (by 0.9897) Zero Point Vibrational Energy (zpe) 23433.2 cm-1
See section III.C.1 List or set vibrational scaling factors to change the scale factors used here.
See section III.C.2 Calculate a vibrational scaling factor for a given set of molecules to determine the least squares best scaling factor.
Rotational Constants (cm-1) from geometry optimized at PBEPBE/6-31G(2df,p)
ABC
0.35406 0.35406 0.21041

See section I.F.4 to change rotational constant units
Geometric Data calculated at PBEPBE/6-31G(2df,p)

Point Group is D2d

Cartesians (Å)
Atom x (Å) y (Å) z (Å)
C1 0.000 1.083 0.133
C2 0.000 -1.083 0.133
C3 -1.083 0.000 -0.133
C4 1.083 0.000 -0.133
H5 0.000 1.399 1.189
H6 0.000 1.985 -0.499
H7 0.000 -1.399 1.189
H8 0.000 -1.985 -0.499
H9 -1.399 0.000 -1.189
H10 -1.985 0.000 0.499
H11 1.399 0.000 -1.189
H12 1.985 0.000 0.499

Atom - Atom Distances (Å)
  C1 C2 C3 C4 H5 H6 H7 H8 H9 H10 H11 H12
C12.16681.55511.55511.10231.10082.69793.13272.20912.29072.20912.2907
C22.16681.55511.55512.69793.13271.10231.10082.20912.29072.20912.2907
C31.55511.55512.16682.20912.29072.20912.29071.10231.10082.69793.1327
C41.55511.55512.16682.20912.29072.20912.29072.69793.13271.10231.1008
H51.10232.69792.20912.20911.78652.79853.78173.09402.52493.09402.5249
H61.10083.13272.29072.29071.78653.78173.96992.52492.97902.52492.9790
H72.69791.10232.20912.20912.79853.78171.78653.09402.52493.09402.5249
H83.13271.10082.29072.29073.78173.96991.78652.52492.97902.52492.9790
H92.20912.20911.10232.69793.09402.52493.09402.52491.78652.79853.7817
H102.29072.29071.10083.13272.52492.97902.52492.97901.78653.78173.9699
H112.20912.20912.69791.10233.09402.52493.09402.52492.79853.78171.7865
H122.29072.29073.13271.10082.52492.97902.52492.97903.78173.96991.7865

picture of cyclobutane state 1 conformation 1
More geometry information
Calculated Bond Angles
atom1 atom2 atom3 angle atom1 atom2 atom3 angle
C1 C3 C2 88.319 C1 C3 H9 111.327
C1 C3 H10 118.181 C1 C4 C2 88.319
C1 C4 H11 111.327 C1 C4 H12 118.181
C2 C3 H9 111.327 C2 C3 H10 118.181
C2 C4 H11 111.327 C2 C4 H12 118.181
C3 C1 C4 88.319 C3 C1 H5 111.327
C3 C1 H6 118.181 C3 C2 C4 88.319
C3 C2 H7 111.327 C3 C2 H8 118.181
C4 C1 H5 111.327 C4 C1 H6 118.181
C4 C2 H7 111.327 C4 C2 H8 118.181
H5 C1 H6 108.369 H7 C2 H8 108.369
H9 C3 H10 108.369 H11 C4 H12 108.369
Electronic energy levels
Charges, Dipole, Quadrupole and Polarizability
Charges from optimized geometry at PBEPBE/6-31G(2df,p) Charges (e)
Number Element Mulliken CHELPG AIM ESP
1 C -0.215      
2 C -0.215      
3 C -0.215      
4 C -0.215      
5 H 0.111      
6 H 0.104      
7 H 0.111      
8 H 0.104      
9 H 0.111      
10 H 0.104      
11 H 0.111      
12 H 0.104      


Electric dipole moments
Electric dipole components in Debye
(What's a Debye? See section VII.A.3)
  x y z Total
  0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000
CHELPG        
AIM        
ESP        


Electric Quadrupole moment
Quadrupole components in D Å
Primitive
 xyz
x -26.840 0.000 0.000
y 0.000 -26.840 0.000
z 0.000 0.000 -25.489
Traceless
 xyz
x -0.675 0.000 0.000
y 0.000 -0.675 0.000
z 0.000 0.000 1.351
Polar
3z2-r22.701
x2-y20.000
xy0.000
xz0.000
yz0.000


Polarizabilities
Components of the polarizability tensor.
Units are Å3 (Angstrom cubed)
Change units.
  x y z
x 6.529 0.000 0.000
y 0.000 6.529 0.000
z 0.000 0.000 6.002


<r2> (average value of r2) Å2
<r2> 75.321
(<r2>)1/2 8.679