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All results from a given calculation for C4H6O2 (γ–Butyrolactone)

using model chemistry: HF/6-31G(2df,p)

19 10 17 12 22

States and conformations

State Conformation minimum conformation conformer description state description
1 1 yes C1 1A
Energy calculated at HF/6-31G(2df,p)
 hartrees
Energy at 0K-304.737608
Energy at 298.15K 
HF Energy-304.737608
Nuclear repulsion energy243.355623
The energy at 298.15K was derived from the energy at 0K and an integrated heat capacity that used the calculated vibrational frequencies.
Vibrational Frequencies calculated at HF/6-31G(2df,p)
Mode Number Symmetry Frequency
(cm-1)
Scaled Frequency
(cm-1)
IR Intensities
(km mol-1)
Raman Act
4/u)
Dep P Dep U
1 A 3283 2973 16.16 69.18 0.43 0.60
2 A 3273 2963 36.87 76.46 0.70 0.83
3 A 3258 2950 21.47 91.20 0.22 0.37
4 A 3204 2901 26.22 56.74 0.27 0.42
5 A 3201 2898 6.92 107.04 0.16 0.27
6 A 3195 2893 49.15 84.09 0.20 0.33
7 A 2058 1864 518.45 9.15 0.43 0.60
8 A 1659 1503 0.84 7.30 0.66 0.80
9 A 1624 1470 5.42 8.09 0.75 0.86
10 A 1589 1439 7.67 9.44 0.75 0.85
11 A 1540 1395 36.40 1.47 0.61 0.76
12 A 1467 1328 8.26 0.45 0.65 0.78
13 A 1432 1297 22.00 1.74 0.66 0.79
14 A 1371 1242 21.77 9.60 0.74 0.85
15 A 1329 1203 52.16 6.90 0.75 0.86
16 A 1307 1184 190.30 1.75 0.66 0.79
17 A 1306 1183 6.39 0.76 0.60 0.75
18 A 1201 1088 43.91 1.86 0.74 0.85
19 A 1191 1079 62.20 1.25 0.74 0.85
20 A 1078 976 6.24 5.26 0.72 0.84
21 A 997 903 6.15 9.07 0.10 0.19
22 A 967 876 9.81 1.94 0.35 0.52
23 A 950 861 7.91 7.70 0.10 0.18
24 A 873 791 5.45 5.03 0.15 0.27
25 A 741 671 9.87 3.03 0.38 0.55
26 A 696 630 6.12 1.63 0.66 0.79
27 A 583 528 6.18 1.17 0.72 0.84
28 A 532 482 6.55 1.24 0.43 0.61
29 A 216 195 2.37 0.07 0.74 0.85
30 A 153 139 1.04 0.33 0.73 0.85

Unscaled Zero Point Vibrational Energy (zpe) 23136.7 cm-1
Scaled (by 0.9055) Zero Point Vibrational Energy (zpe) 20950.3 cm-1
See section III.C.1 List or set vibrational scaling factors to change the scale factors used here.
See section III.C.2 Calculate a vibrational scaling factor for a given set of molecules to determine the least squares best scaling factor.
Rotational Constants (cm-1) from geometry optimized at HF/6-31G(2df,p)
ABC
0.24743 0.12232 0.08713

See section I.F.4 to change rotational constant units
Geometric Data calculated at HF/6-31G(2df,p)

Point Group is C1

Cartesians (Å)
Atom x (Å) y (Å) z (Å)
C1 0.880 -0.008 0.003
C2 -0.021 1.202 0.168
C3 -1.396 0.661 -0.216
C4 -1.246 -0.823 0.125
O5 0.130 -1.109 -0.042
O6 2.052 -0.030 -0.073
H7 0.338 2.025 -0.434
H8 0.022 1.504 1.210
H9 -1.568 0.784 -1.280
H10 -2.217 1.127 0.315
H11 -1.806 -1.480 -0.525
H12 -1.524 -1.032 1.154

Atom - Atom Distances (Å)
  C1 C2 C3 C4 O5 O6 H7 H8 H9 H10 H11 H12
C11.51792.38302.28011.33281.17412.14942.11742.87503.31333.10812.8551
C21.51791.52692.36742.32562.42321.08051.08642.15952.20243.29542.8674
C32.38301.52691.53092.34433.51962.21682.18061.08481.08222.20182.1816
C42.28012.36741.53091.41523.39713.30672.86392.15932.18671.08081.0855
O51.33282.32562.34431.41522.20373.16562.90002.82853.26122.02992.0423
O61.17412.42323.51963.39712.20372.70062.85013.90124.43964.14583.9105
H72.14941.08052.21683.30673.16562.70061.75302.42642.80954.10973.9155
H82.11741.08642.18062.86392.90002.85011.75303.04082.44073.90612.9707
H92.87502.15951.08482.15932.82853.90122.42643.04081.75532.39823.0369
H103.31332.20241.08222.18673.26124.43962.80952.44071.75532.76892.4174
H113.10813.29542.20181.08082.02994.14584.10973.90612.39822.76891.7603
H122.85512.86742.18161.08552.04233.91053.91552.97073.03692.41741.7603

picture of γ–Butyrolactone state 1 conformation 1
More geometry information
Calculated Bond Angles
atom1 atom2 atom3 angle atom1 atom2 atom3 angle
C1 C2 C3 103.008 C1 C2 H7 110.497
C1 C2 H8 107.639 C1 O5 C4 112.107
C2 C1 O5 109.165 C2 C1 O6 127.896
C2 C3 C4 101.466 C2 C3 H9 110.406
C2 C3 H10 114.070 C3 C2 H7 115.393
C3 C2 H8 112.014 C3 C4 O5 105.378
C3 C4 H11 113.816 C3 C4 H12 111.856
C4 C3 H9 110.113 C4 C3 H10 112.474
O5 C1 O6 122.939 O5 C4 H11 108.086
O5 C4 H12 108.796 H7 C2 H8 107.994
H9 C3 H10 108.199 H11 C4 H12 108.705
Electronic energy levels
Charges, Dipole, Quadrupole and Polarizability
Charges from optimized geometry at HF/6-31G(2df,p) Charges (e)
Number Element Mulliken CHELPG AIM ESP
1 C 0.598      
2 C -0.371      
3 C -0.290      
4 C -0.015      
5 O -0.412      
6 O -0.445      
7 H 0.175      
8 H 0.168      
9 H 0.151      
10 H 0.148      
11 H 0.154      
12 H 0.139      


Electric dipole moments
Electric dipole components in Debye
(What's a Debye? See section VII.A.3)
  x y z Total
  -4.519 1.522 0.412 4.786
CHELPG        
AIM        
ESP        


Electric Quadrupole moment
Quadrupole components in D Å
Primitive
 xyz
x -40.699 1.786 0.276
y 1.786 -35.003 -0.103
z 0.276 -0.103 -33.137
Traceless
 xyz
x -6.629 1.786 0.276
y 1.786 1.915 -0.103
z 0.276 -0.103 4.715
Polar
3z2-r29.429
x2-y2-5.696
xy1.786
xz0.276
yz-0.103


Polarizabilities
Components of the polarizability tensor.
Units are Å3 (Angstrom cubed)
Change units.
  x y z
x 7.483 0.330 -0.068
y 0.330 6.163 0.009
z -0.068 0.009 5.358


<r2> (average value of r2) Å2
<r2> 137.512
(<r2>)1/2 11.727