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All results from a given calculation for C6H5CH3 (toluene)

using model chemistry: B3LYP/3-21G

19 10 17 12 22

States and conformations

State Conformation minimum conformation conformer description state description
1 1 yes CS 1A'
Energy calculated at B3LYP/3-21G
 hartrees
Energy at 0K-270.079666
Energy at 298.15K-270.087752
Nuclear repulsion energy268.530568
The energy at 298.15K was derived from the energy at 0K and an integrated heat capacity that used the calculated vibrational frequencies.
Vibrational Frequencies calculated at B3LYP/3-21G
Mode Number Symmetry Frequency
(cm-1)
Scaled Frequency
(cm-1)
IR Intensities
(km mol-1)
Raman Act
(Å4/u)
Dep P Dep U
1 A' 3218 3105 12.49      
2 A' 3195 3083 7.32      
3 A' 3181 3069 6.76      
4 A' 3097 2988 18.98      
5 A' 3044 2937 20.62      
6 A' 1636 1579 4.95      
7 A' 1557 1502 7.33      
8 A' 1551 1497 14.85      
9 A' 1462 1410 4.26      
10 A' 1243 1199 0.48      
11 A' 1231 1188 0.52      
12 A' 1102 1063 12.42      
13 A' 1066 1029 1.89      
14 A' 1039 1002 0.45      
15 A' 1031 995 0.05      
16 A' 930 898 0.32      
17 A' 804 776 0.87      
18 A' 761 734 29.47      
19 A' 734 708 46.19      
20 A' 541 522 0.55      
21 A' 479 463 9.41      
22 A' 212 204 2.81      
23 A" 3203 3090 32.13      
24 A" 3182 3070 3.50      
25 A" 3122 3012 12.81      
26 A" 1621 1564 0.15      
27 A" 1559 1504 14.05      
28 A" 1504 1451 2.43      
29 A" 1402 1353 0.12      
30 A" 1316 1270 0.00      
31 A" 1231 1187 0.13      
32 A" 1133 1093 5.44      
33 A" 1028 992 0.02      
34 A" 1002 967 0.00      
35 A" 870 840 0.01      
36 A" 661 638 0.12      
37 A" 424 410 0.00      
38 A" 346 334 0.44      
39 A" 15 15 0.29      

Unscaled Zero Point Vibrational Energy (zpe) 28365.8 cm-1
Scaled (by 0.9649) Zero Point Vibrational Energy (zpe) 27370.2 cm-1
See section III.C.1 List or set vibrational scaling factors to change the scale factors used here.
See section III.C.2 Calculate a vibrational scaling factor for a given set of molecules to determine the least squares best scaling factor.
Rotational Constants (cm-1) from geometry optimized at B3LYP/3-21G
ABC
0.18415 0.08363 0.05814

See section I.F.4 to change rotational constant units
Geometric Data calculated at B3LYP/3-21G

Point Group is Cs

Cartesians (Å)
Atom x (Å) y (Å) z (Å)
C1 0.005 0.911 0.000
C2 0.007 0.195 1.205
C3 0.007 -1.201 1.207
C4 0.006 -1.905 0.000
C5 0.007 -1.201 -1.207
C6 0.007 0.195 -1.205
C7 -0.028 2.430 0.000
H8 0.011 0.736 2.146
H9 0.011 -1.739 2.148
H10 0.009 -2.989 0.000
H11 0.011 -1.739 -2.148
H12 0.011 0.736 -2.146
H13 -1.064 2.793 0.000
H14 0.470 2.833 0.888
H15 0.470 2.833 -0.888

Atom - Atom Distances (Å)
  C1 C2 C3 C4 C5 C6 C7 H8 H9 H10 H11 H12 H13 H14 H15
C11.40162.43282.81582.43281.40161.51892.15283.41143.89963.41142.15282.16442.16792.1679
C21.40161.39632.42072.78652.40972.53911.08522.15173.40383.87083.39393.05792.69743.3992
C32.43281.39631.39672.41332.78653.82642.15271.08422.15643.39773.87184.30834.07364.5694
C42.81582.42071.39671.39672.42074.33443.40232.15461.08382.15463.40234.81844.84274.8427
C52.43282.78652.41331.39671.39633.82643.87183.39772.15641.08422.15274.30834.56944.0736
C61.40162.40972.78652.42071.39632.53913.39393.87083.40382.15171.08523.05793.39922.6974
C71.51892.53913.82644.33443.82642.53912.73404.68985.41834.68982.73401.09791.09501.0950
H82.15281.08522.15273.40233.87183.39392.73402.47484.29824.95604.29133.16122.48853.7164
H93.41142.15171.08422.15463.39773.87084.68982.47482.48524.29644.95605.12964.76505.5076
H103.89963.40382.15641.08382.15643.40385.41834.29822.48522.48524.29825.88075.90715.9071
H113.41143.87083.39772.15461.08422.15174.68984.95604.29642.48522.47485.12965.50764.7650
H122.15283.39393.87183.40232.15271.08522.73404.29134.95604.29822.47483.16123.71642.4885
H132.16443.05794.30834.81844.30833.05791.09793.16125.12965.88075.12963.16121.77271.7727
H142.16792.69744.07364.84274.56943.39921.09502.48854.76505.90715.50763.71641.77271.7755
H152.16793.39924.56944.84274.07362.69741.09503.71645.50765.90714.76502.48851.77271.7755

picture of toluene state 1 conformation 1
More geometry information
Calculated Bond Angles
atom1 atom2 atom3 angle atom1 atom2 atom3 angle
C1 C2 C3 120.803 C1 C2 H8 119.377
C1 C6 C5 120.803 C1 C6 H12 119.377
C1 C7 H13 110.575 C1 C7 H14 111.029
C1 C7 H15 111.029 C2 C1 C6 118.543
C2 C1 C7 120.723 C2 C3 C4 120.162
C2 C3 H9 119.801 C3 C2 H8 119.819
C3 C4 C5 119.527 C3 C4 H10 120.236
C4 C3 H9 120.037 C4 C5 C6 120.162
C4 C5 H11 120.037 C5 C4 H10 120.236
C5 C6 H12 119.819 C6 C1 C7 120.723
C6 C5 H11 119.801 H13 C7 H14 107.873
H13 C7 H15 107.873 H14 C7 H15 108.338
Electronic energy levels

Electronic state

Charges, Dipole, Quadrupole and Polarizability
Charges from optimized geometry at B3LYP/3-21G Charges (e)
Number Element Mulliken CHELPG AIM ESP
1 C 0.014      
2 C -0.189      
3 C -0.183      
4 C -0.190      
5 C -0.183      
6 C -0.189      
7 C -0.598      
8 H 0.178      
9 H 0.184      
10 H 0.183      
11 H 0.184      
12 H 0.178      
13 H 0.212      
14 H 0.200      
15 H 0.200      


Electric dipole moments
Electric dipole components in Debye
(What's a Debye? See section VII.A.3)
  x y z Total
  -0.048 0.367 0.000 0.370
CHELPG        
AIM        
ESP        


Electric Quadrupole moment
Quadrupole components in D Å
Primitive
 xyz
x -46.233 -0.130 0.000
y -0.130 -37.365 0.000
z 0.000 0.000 -37.956
Traceless
 xyz
x -8.573 -0.130 0.000
y -0.130 4.729 0.000
z 0.000 0.000 3.843
Polar
3z2-r27.686
x2-y2-8.868
xy-0.130
xz0.000
yz0.000


Polarizabilities
Components of the polarizability tensor.
Units are Å3 (Angstrom cubed)
Change units.
  x y z
x 3.698 -0.094 0.000
y -0.094 12.748 0.000
z 0.000 0.000 11.062


<r2> (average value of r2) Å2
<r2> 201.654
(<r2>)1/2 14.200