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All results from a given calculation for C4H8 (cyclobutane)

using model chemistry: M06-2X/3-21G

19 10 17 12 22

States and conformations

State Conformation minimum conformation conformer description state description
1 1 yes D2D 1A1
Energy calculated at M06-2X/3-21G
 hartrees
Energy at 0K-156.271391
Energy at 298.15K-156.280587
HF Energy-156.271391
Nuclear repulsion energy125.899077
The energy at 298.15K was derived from the energy at 0K and an integrated heat capacity that used the calculated vibrational frequencies.
Vibrational Frequencies calculated at M06-2X/3-21G
Mode Number Symmetry Frequency
(cm-1)
Scaled Frequency
(cm-1)
IR Intensities
(km mol-1)
Raman Act
4/u)
Dep P Dep U
1 A1 3193 3061 0.00      
2 A1 3136 3007 0.00      
3 A1 1569 1505 0.00      
4 A1 1186 1137 0.00      
5 A1 1009 968 0.00      
6 A1 216 207 0.00      
7 A2 1311 1257 0.00      
8 A2 1028 986 0.00      
9 B1 1297 1243 0.00      
10 B1 1202 1152 0.00      
11 B1 939 901 0.00      
12 B2 3216 3083 40.82      
13 B2 3137 3007 11.06      
14 B2 1541 1477 5.92      
15 B2 913 875 0.26      
16 B2 650 623 4.08      
17 E 3202 3070 15.70      
17 E 3202 3070 15.70      
18 E 3134 3005 38.62      
18 E 3134 3005 38.62      
19 E 1534 1471 3.73      
19 E 1534 1471 3.73      
20 E 1325 1270 4.93      
20 E 1325 1270 4.93      
21 E 1280 1227 2.15      
21 E 1280 1227 2.15      
22 E 911 873 4.09      
22 E 911 873 4.09      
23 E 777 745 0.55      
23 E 777 745 0.55      

Unscaled Zero Point Vibrational Energy (zpe) 24933.4 cm-1
Scaled (by 0.9587) Zero Point Vibrational Energy (zpe) 23903.6 cm-1
See section III.C.1 List or set vibrational scaling factors to change the scale factors used here.
See section III.C.2 Calculate a vibrational scaling factor for a given set of molecules to determine the least squares best scaling factor.
Rotational Constants (cm-1) from geometry optimized at M06-2X/3-21G
ABC
0.34995 0.34995 0.20731

See section I.F.4 to change rotational constant units
Geometric Data calculated at M06-2X/3-21G

Point Group is D2d

Cartesians (Å)
Atom x (Å) y (Å) z (Å)
C1 0.000 1.096 0.131
C2 0.000 -1.096 0.131
C3 -1.096 0.000 -0.131
C4 1.096 0.000 -0.131
H5 0.000 1.403 1.180
H6 0.000 1.973 -0.517
H7 0.000 -1.403 1.180
H8 0.000 -1.973 -0.517
H9 -1.403 0.000 -1.180
H10 -1.973 0.000 0.517
H11 1.403 0.000 -1.180
H12 1.973 0.000 0.517

Atom - Atom Distances (Å)
  C1 C2 C3 C4 H5 H6 H7 H8 H9 H10 H11 H12
C12.19271.57241.57241.09291.09012.71033.13682.21082.28982.21082.2898
C22.19271.57241.57242.71033.13681.09291.09012.21082.28982.21082.2898
C31.57241.57242.19272.21082.28982.21082.28981.09291.09012.71033.1368
C41.57241.57242.19272.21082.28982.21082.28982.71033.13681.09291.0901
H51.09292.71032.21082.21081.79062.80533.77823.08282.50963.08282.5096
H61.09013.13682.28982.28981.79063.77823.94562.50962.97572.50962.9757
H72.71031.09292.21082.21082.80533.77821.79063.08282.50963.08282.5096
H83.13681.09012.28982.28983.77823.94561.79062.50962.97572.50962.9757
H92.21082.21081.09292.71033.08282.50963.08282.50961.79062.80533.7782
H102.28982.28981.09013.13682.50962.97572.50962.97571.79063.77823.9456
H112.21082.21082.71031.09293.08282.50963.08282.50962.80533.77821.7906
H122.28982.28983.13681.09012.50962.97572.50962.97573.77823.94561.7906

picture of cyclobutane state 1 conformation 1
More geometry information
Calculated Bond Angles
atom1 atom2 atom3 angle atom1 atom2 atom3 angle
C1 C3 C2 88.413 C1 C3 H9 110.802
C1 C3 H10 117.492 C1 C4 C2 88.413
C1 C4 H11 110.802 C1 C4 H12 117.492
C2 C3 H9 110.802 C2 C3 H10 117.492
C2 C4 H11 110.802 C2 C4 H12 117.492
C3 C1 C4 88.413 C3 C1 H5 110.802
C3 C1 H6 117.492 C3 C2 C4 88.413
C3 C2 H7 110.802 C3 C2 H8 117.492
C4 C1 H5 110.802 C4 C1 H6 117.492
C4 C2 H7 110.802 C4 C2 H8 117.492
H5 C1 H6 110.213 H7 C2 H8 110.213
H9 C3 H10 110.213 H11 C4 H12 110.213
Electronic energy levels
Charges, Dipole, Quadrupole and Polarizability
Charges from optimized geometry at M06-2X/3-21G Charges (e)
Number Element Mulliken CHELPG AIM ESP
1 C -0.401      
2 C -0.401      
3 C -0.401      
4 C -0.401      
5 H 0.205      
6 H 0.196      
7 H 0.205      
8 H 0.196      
9 H 0.205      
10 H 0.196      
11 H 0.205      
12 H 0.196      


Electric dipole moments
Electric dipole components in Debye
(What's a Debye? See section VII.A.3)
  x y z Total
  0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000
CHELPG        
AIM        
ESP        


Electric Quadrupole moment
Quadrupole components in D Å
Primitive
 xyz
x -27.132 0.000 0.000
y 0.000 -27.132 0.000
z 0.000 0.000 -25.862
Traceless
 xyz
x -0.635 0.000 0.000
y 0.000 -0.635 0.000
z 0.000 0.000 1.270
Polar
3z2-r22.540
x2-y20.000
xy0.000
xz0.000
yz0.000


Polarizabilities
Components of the polarizability tensor.
Units are Å3 (Angstrom cubed)
Change units.
  x y z
x 5.776 0.000 0.000
y 0.000 5.776 0.000
z 0.000 0.000 5.376


<r2> (average value of r2) Å2
<r2> 76.017
(<r2>)1/2 8.719