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All results from a given calculation for C4H8 (cyclobutane)

using model chemistry: PBEPBE/3-21G

19 10 17 12 22

States and conformations

State Conformation minimum conformation conformer description state description
1 1 yes D2D 1A1
Energy calculated at PBEPBE/3-21G
 hartrees
Energy at 0K-156.132872
Energy at 298.15K-156.141896
HF Energy-156.132872
Nuclear repulsion energy125.129064
The energy at 298.15K was derived from the energy at 0K and an integrated heat capacity that used the calculated vibrational frequencies.
Vibrational Frequencies calculated at PBEPBE/3-21G
Mode Number Symmetry Frequency
(cm-1)
Scaled Frequency
(cm-1)
IR Intensities
(km mol-1)
Raman Act
4/u)
Dep P Dep U
1 A1 3064 3036 0.00      
2 A1 3023 2995 0.00      
3 A1 1513 1499 0.00      
4 A1 1138 1127 0.00      
5 A1 980 971 0.00      
6 A1 191 190 0.00      
7 A2 1240 1229 0.00      
8 A2 982 973 0.00      
9 B1 1245 1234 0.00      
10 B1 1136 1126 0.00      
11 B1 909 901 0.00      
12 B2 3098 3069 65.09      
13 B2 3016 2988 7.99      
14 B2 1489 1475 5.28      
15 B2 876 868 0.36      
16 B2 625 619 4.98      
17 E 3079 3051 13.02      
17 E 3079 3051 13.02      
18 E 3016 2988 57.09      
18 E 3016 2988 57.09      
19 E 1478 1465 3.18      
19 E 1478 1465 3.18      
20 E 1267 1255 2.80      
20 E 1267 1255 2.80      
21 E 1219 1208 3.92      
21 E 1219 1208 3.92      
22 E 879 871 3.57      
22 E 879 871 3.57      
23 E 736 729 0.49      
23 E 736 729 0.49      

Unscaled Zero Point Vibrational Energy (zpe) 23934.7 cm-1
Scaled (by 0.9909) Zero Point Vibrational Energy (zpe) 23716.9 cm-1
See section III.C.1 List or set vibrational scaling factors to change the scale factors used here.
See section III.C.2 Calculate a vibrational scaling factor for a given set of molecules to determine the least squares best scaling factor.
Rotational Constants (cm-1) from geometry optimized at PBEPBE/3-21G
ABC
0.34606 0.34606 0.20486

See section I.F.4 to change rotational constant units
Geometric Data calculated at PBEPBE/3-21G

Point Group is D2d

Cartesians (Å)
Atom x (Å) y (Å) z (Å)
C1 0.000 1.102 0.127
C2 0.000 -1.102 0.127
C3 -1.102 0.000 -0.127
C4 1.102 0.000 -0.127
H5 0.000 1.420 1.183
H6 0.000 1.982 -0.534
H7 0.000 -1.420 1.183
H8 0.000 -1.982 -0.534
H9 -1.420 0.000 -1.183
H10 -1.982 0.000 0.534
H11 1.420 0.000 -1.183
H12 1.982 0.000 0.534

Atom - Atom Distances (Å)
  C1 C2 C3 C4 H5 H6 H7 H8 H9 H10 H11 H12
C12.20461.57951.57951.10281.10052.73453.15432.22452.30412.22452.3041
C22.20461.57951.57952.73453.15431.10281.10052.22452.30412.22452.3041
C31.57951.57952.20462.22452.30412.22452.30411.10281.10052.73453.1543
C41.57951.57952.20462.22452.30412.22452.30412.73453.15431.10281.1005
H51.10282.73452.22452.22451.80702.84013.81083.10352.52293.10352.5229
H61.10053.15432.30412.30411.80703.81083.96372.52292.99962.52292.9996
H72.73451.10282.22452.22452.84013.81081.80703.10352.52293.10352.5229
H83.15431.10052.30412.30413.81083.96371.80702.52292.99962.52292.9996
H92.22452.22451.10282.73453.10352.52293.10352.52291.80702.84013.8108
H102.30412.30411.10053.15432.52292.99962.52292.99961.80703.81083.9637
H112.22452.22452.73451.10283.10352.52293.10352.52292.84013.81081.8070
H122.30412.30413.15431.10052.52292.99962.52292.99963.81083.96371.8070

picture of cyclobutane state 1 conformation 1
More geometry information
Calculated Bond Angles
atom1 atom2 atom3 angle atom1 atom2 atom3 angle
C1 C3 C2 88.516 C1 C3 H9 110.804
C1 C3 H10 117.455 C1 C4 C2 88.516
C1 C4 H11 110.804 C1 C4 H12 117.455
C2 C3 H9 110.804 C2 C3 H10 117.455
C2 C4 H11 110.804 C2 C4 H12 117.455
C3 C1 C4 88.516 C3 C1 H5 110.804
C3 C1 H6 117.455 C3 C2 C4 88.516
C3 C2 H7 110.804 C3 C2 H8 117.455
C4 C1 H5 110.804 C4 C1 H6 117.455
C4 C2 H7 110.804 C4 C2 H8 117.455
H5 C1 H6 110.200 H7 C2 H8 110.200
H9 C3 H10 110.200 H11 C4 H12 110.200
Electronic energy levels
Charges, Dipole, Quadrupole and Polarizability
Charges from optimized geometry at PBEPBE/3-21G Charges (e)
Number Element Mulliken CHELPG AIM ESP
1 C -0.404      
2 C -0.404      
3 C -0.404      
4 C -0.404      
5 H 0.208      
6 H 0.196      
7 H 0.208      
8 H 0.196      
9 H 0.208      
10 H 0.196      
11 H 0.208      
12 H 0.196      


Electric dipole moments
Electric dipole components in Debye
(What's a Debye? See section VII.A.3)
  x y z Total
  0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000
CHELPG        
AIM        
ESP        


Electric Quadrupole moment
Quadrupole components in D Å
Primitive
 xyz
x -26.957 0.000 0.000
y 0.000 -26.957 0.000
z 0.000 0.000 -25.691
Traceless
 xyz
x -0.633 0.000 0.000
y 0.000 -0.633 0.000
z 0.000 0.000 1.266
Polar
3z2-r22.532
x2-y20.000
xy0.000
xz0.000
yz0.000


Polarizabilities
Components of the polarizability tensor.
Units are Å3 (Angstrom cubed)
Change units.
  x y z
x 5.927 0.000 0.000
y 0.000 5.927 0.000
z 0.000 0.000 5.560


<r2> (average value of r2) Å2
<r2> 76.642
(<r2>)1/2 8.755