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All results from a given calculation for C4H8 (cyclobutane)

using model chemistry: B3LYP/3-21G

19 10 17 12 22

States and conformations

State Conformation minimum conformation conformer description state description
1 1 yes D2D 1A1
Energy calculated at B3LYP/3-21G
 hartrees
Energy at 0K-156.360123
Energy at 298.15K-156.369189
HF Energy-156.360123
Nuclear repulsion energy125.531282
The energy at 298.15K was derived from the energy at 0K and an integrated heat capacity that used the calculated vibrational frequencies.
Vibrational Frequencies calculated at B3LYP/3-21G
Mode Number Symmetry Frequency
(cm-1)
Scaled Frequency
(cm-1)
IR Intensities
(km mol-1)
Raman Act
4/u)
Dep P Dep U
1 A1 3127 3018 0.00      
2 A1 3094 2985 0.00      
3 A1 1562 1507 0.00      
4 A1 1175 1134 0.00      
5 A1 985 950 0.00      
6 A1 165 159 0.00      
7 A2 1292 1246 0.00      
8 A2 1011 975 0.00      
9 B1 1284 1239 0.00      
10 B1 1182 1141 0.00      
11 B1 918 886 0.00      
12 B2 3162 3051 74.68      
13 B2 3085 2977 6.29      
14 B2 1537 1483 3.92      
15 B2 891 860 0.22      
16 B2 652 629 4.32      
17 E 3142 3032 10.82      
17 E 3142 3032 10.82      
18 E 3086 2977 61.31      
18 E 3086 2977 61.31      
19 E 1531 1477 2.56      
19 E 1531 1477 2.56      
20 E 1308 1262 2.47      
20 E 1308 1262 2.47      
21 E 1262 1217 2.08      
21 E 1262 1217 2.08      
22 E 889 857 3.28      
22 E 889 857 3.28      
23 E 756 730 0.24      
23 E 756 730 0.24      

Unscaled Zero Point Vibrational Energy (zpe) 24533.5 cm-1
Scaled (by 0.9649) Zero Point Vibrational Energy (zpe) 23672.4 cm-1
See section III.C.1 List or set vibrational scaling factors to change the scale factors used here.
See section III.C.2 Calculate a vibrational scaling factor for a given set of molecules to determine the least squares best scaling factor.
Rotational Constants (cm-1) from geometry optimized at B3LYP/3-21G
ABC
0.34829 0.34829 0.20492

See section I.F.4 to change rotational constant units
Geometric Data calculated at B3LYP/3-21G

Point Group is D2d

Cartesians (Å)
Atom x (Å) y (Å) z (Å)
C1 0.000 1.103 0.115
C2 0.000 -1.103 0.115
C3 -1.103 0.000 -0.115
C4 1.103 0.000 -0.115
H5 0.000 1.453 1.151
H6 0.000 1.955 -0.567
H7 0.000 -1.453 1.151
H8 0.000 -1.955 -0.567
H9 -1.453 0.000 -1.151
H10 -1.955 0.000 0.567
H11 1.453 0.000 -1.151
H12 1.955 0.000 0.567

Atom - Atom Distances (Å)
  C1 C2 C3 C4 H5 H6 H7 H8 H9 H10 H11 H12
C12.20511.57611.57611.09331.09152.75743.13252.22002.28932.22002.2893
C22.20511.57611.57612.75743.13251.09331.09152.22002.28932.22002.2893
C31.57611.57612.20512.22002.28932.22002.28931.09331.09152.75743.1325
C41.57611.57612.20512.22002.28932.22002.28932.75743.13251.09331.0915
H51.09332.75742.22002.22001.78952.90593.81613.08512.50453.08512.5045
H61.09153.13252.28932.28931.78953.81613.90952.50452.98802.50452.9880
H72.75741.09332.22002.22002.90593.81611.78953.08512.50453.08512.5045
H83.13251.09152.28932.28933.81613.90951.78952.50452.98802.50452.9880
H92.22002.22001.09332.75743.08512.50453.08512.50451.78952.90593.8161
H102.28932.28931.09153.13252.50452.98802.50452.98801.78953.81613.9095
H112.22002.22002.75741.09333.08512.50453.08512.50452.90593.81611.7895
H122.28932.28933.13251.09152.50452.98802.50452.98803.81613.90951.7895

picture of cyclobutane state 1 conformation 1
More geometry information
Calculated Bond Angles
atom1 atom2 atom3 angle atom1 atom2 atom3 angle
C1 C3 C2 88.780 C1 C3 H9 111.248
C1 C3 H10 117.062 C1 C4 C2 88.780
C1 C4 H11 111.248 C1 C4 H12 117.062
C2 C3 H9 111.248 C2 C3 H10 117.062
C2 C4 H11 111.248 C2 C4 H12 117.062
C3 C1 C4 88.780 C3 C1 H5 111.248
C3 C1 H6 117.062 C3 C2 C4 88.780
C3 C2 H7 111.248 C3 C2 H8 117.062
C4 C1 H5 111.248 C4 C1 H6 117.062
C4 C2 H7 111.248 C4 C2 H8 117.062
H5 C1 H6 109.983 H7 C2 H8 109.983
H9 C3 H10 109.983 H11 C4 H12 109.983
Electronic energy levels

Electronic state

Charges, Dipole, Quadrupole and Polarizability
Charges from optimized geometry at B3LYP/3-21G Charges (e)
Number Element Mulliken CHELPG AIM ESP
1 C -0.375      
2 C -0.375      
3 C -0.375      
4 C -0.375      
5 H 0.193      
6 H 0.182      
7 H 0.193      
8 H 0.182      
9 H 0.193      
10 H 0.182      
11 H 0.193      
12 H 0.182      


Electric dipole moments
Electric dipole components in Debye
(What's a Debye? See section VII.A.3)
  x y z Total
  0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000
CHELPG        
AIM        
ESP 0.002 0.000 0.003 0.004


Electric Quadrupole moment
Quadrupole components in D Å
Primitive
 xyz
x -27.028 0.000 0.000
y 0.000 -27.028 0.000
z 0.000 0.000 -25.775
Traceless
 xyz
x -0.626 0.000 0.000
y 0.000 -0.626 0.000
z 0.000 0.000 1.253
Polar
3z2-r22.505
x2-y20.000
xy0.000
xz0.000
yz0.000


Polarizabilities
Components of the polarizability tensor.
Units are Å3 (Angstrom cubed)
Change units.
  x y z
x 5.803 0.000 0.000
y 0.000 5.803 0.000
z 0.000 0.000 5.444


<r2> (average value of r2) Å2
<r2> 76.423
(<r2>)1/2 8.742