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All results from a given calculation for C4H6O2 (γ–Butyrolactone)

using model chemistry: BLYP/3-21G

19 10 17 12 22

States and conformations

State Conformation minimum conformation conformer description state description
1 1 yes C1 1A
Energy calculated at BLYP/3-21G
 hartrees
Energy at 0K-304.703420
Energy at 298.15K 
HF Energy-304.703420
Nuclear repulsion energy234.877672
The energy at 298.15K was derived from the energy at 0K and an integrated heat capacity that used the calculated vibrational frequencies.
Vibrational Frequencies calculated at BLYP/3-21G
Mode Number Symmetry Frequency
(cm-1)
Scaled Frequency
(cm-1)
IR Intensities
(km mol-1)
Raman Act
4/u)
Dep P Dep U
1 A 3077 3060 13.18      
2 A 3068 3051 23.32      
3 A 3058 3041 13.29      
4 A 3012 2996 17.82      
5 A 2988 2972 6.41      
6 A 2984 2967 39.86      
7 A 1757 1748 229.69      
8 A 1531 1522 0.93      
9 A 1512 1504 4.59      
10 A 1483 1475 8.66      
11 A 1341 1333 0.41      
12 A 1339 1331 1.89      
13 A 1297 1290 4.43      
14 A 1240 1233 3.88      
15 A 1195 1188 1.72      
16 A 1153 1146 2.19      
17 A 1086 1080 9.23      
18 A 1034 1028 156.61      
19 A 986 981 16.67      
20 A 929 924 46.94      
21 A 898 893 1.33      
22 A 863 858 10.18      
23 A 835 831 43.61      
24 A 734 730 7.95      
25 A 641 637 3.93      
26 A 608 605 2.88      
27 A 511 508 1.73      
28 A 451 449 1.52      
29 A 201 200 2.86      
30 A 146 145 0.13      

Unscaled Zero Point Vibrational Energy (zpe) 20978.4 cm-1
Scaled (by 0.9945) Zero Point Vibrational Energy (zpe) 20863.0 cm-1
See section III.C.1 List or set vibrational scaling factors to change the scale factors used here.
See section III.C.2 Calculate a vibrational scaling factor for a given set of molecules to determine the least squares best scaling factor.
Rotational Constants (cm-1) from geometry optimized at BLYP/3-21G
ABC
0.23191 0.11343 0.08120

See section I.F.4 to change rotational constant units
Geometric Data calculated at BLYP/3-21G

Point Group is C1

Cartesians (Å)
Atom x (Å) y (Å) z (Å)
C1 0.915 0.009 0.005
C2 -0.031 1.226 0.189
C3 -1.418 0.685 -0.248
C4 -1.320 -0.823 0.139
O5 0.127 -1.181 -0.042
O6 2.138 -0.027 -0.079
H7 0.333 2.078 -0.399
H8 -0.029 1.505 1.258
H9 -1.532 0.783 -1.339
H10 -2.262 1.183 0.251
H11 -1.905 -1.484 -0.513
H12 -1.595 -0.987 1.194

Atom - Atom Distances (Å)
  C1 C2 C3 C4 O5 O6 H7 H8 H9 H10 H11 H12
C11.55222.44252.38831.42771.22622.18702.16742.89683.39553.23302.9499
C21.55221.55132.42052.42282.51941.09781.10492.18652.23163.36862.8892
C32.44251.55131.55982.43203.63082.24232.20641.10121.09902.23912.2144
C42.38832.42051.55981.50193.55453.38142.88722.19222.21871.09751.1025
O51.42772.42282.43201.50192.31793.28462.98772.87953.37372.10862.1285
O61.22622.51943.63083.55452.31792.79182.97173.96354.57484.31934.0584
H72.18701.09782.24233.38143.28462.79181.79092.45642.82044.20813.9552
H82.16741.10492.20642.88722.98772.97171.79093.08562.46993.94822.9430
H92.89682.18651.10122.19222.87953.96352.45643.08561.79462.44163.0900
H103.39552.23161.09902.21873.37374.57482.82042.46991.79462.79712.4575
H113.23303.36862.23911.09752.10864.31934.20813.94822.44162.79711.8044
H122.94992.88922.21441.10252.12854.05843.95522.94303.09002.45751.8044

picture of γ–Butyrolactone state 1 conformation 1
More geometry information
Calculated Bond Angles
atom1 atom2 atom3 angle atom1 atom2 atom3 angle
C1 C2 C3 103.814 C1 C2 H7 110.053
C1 C2 H8 108.136 C1 O5 C4 109.198
C2 C1 O5 108.719 C2 C1 O6 129.755
C2 C3 C4 102.159 C2 C3 H9 109.874
C2 C3 H10 113.611 C3 C2 H7 114.577
C3 C2 H8 111.221 C3 C4 O5 105.165
C3 C4 H11 113.700 C3 C4 H12 111.398
C4 C3 H9 109.735 C4 C3 H10 111.952
O5 C1 O6 121.522 O5 C4 H11 107.406
O5 C4 H12 108.656 H7 C2 H8 108.793
H9 C3 H10 109.307 H11 C4 H12 110.205
Electronic energy levels
Charges, Dipole, Quadrupole and Polarizability
Charges from optimized geometry at BLYP/3-21G Charges (e)
Number Element Mulliken CHELPG AIM ESP
1 C 0.593      
2 C -0.453      
3 C -0.390      
4 C -0.142      
5 O -0.420      
6 O -0.429      
7 H 0.219      
8 H 0.221      
9 H 0.205      
10 H 0.193      
11 H 0.207      
12 H 0.197      


Electric dipole moments
Electric dipole components in Debye
(What's a Debye? See section VII.A.3)
  x y z Total
  -3.913 1.603 0.405 4.248
CHELPG        
AIM        
ESP        


Electric Quadrupole moment
Quadrupole components in D Å
Primitive
 xyz
x -39.260 1.915 0.253
y 1.915 -35.563 -0.059
z 0.253 -0.059 -33.609
Traceless
 xyz
x -4.674 1.915 0.253
y 1.915 0.872 -0.059
z 0.253 -0.059 3.802
Polar
3z2-r27.605
x2-y2-3.697
xy1.915
xz0.253
yz-0.059


Polarizabilities
Components of the polarizability tensor.
Units are Å3 (Angstrom cubed)
Change units.
  x y z
x 7.926 0.553 -0.153
y 0.553 6.070 0.044
z -0.153 0.044 4.916


<r2> (average value of r2) Å2
<r2> 145.433
(<r2>)1/2 12.060