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All results from a given calculation for C4H6O2 (γ–Butyrolactone)

using model chemistry: mPW1PW91/3-21G

19 10 17 12 22

States and conformations

State Conformation minimum conformation conformer description state description
1 1 yes C1 1A
Energy calculated at mPW1PW91/3-21G
 hartrees
Energy at 0K-304.733454
Energy at 298.15K 
HF Energy-304.733454
Nuclear repulsion energy238.496635
The energy at 298.15K was derived from the energy at 0K and an integrated heat capacity that used the calculated vibrational frequencies.
Vibrational Frequencies calculated at mPW1PW91/3-21G
Mode Number Symmetry Frequency
(cm-1)
Scaled Frequency
(cm-1)
IR Intensities
(km mol-1)
Raman Act
4/u)
Dep P Dep U
1 A 3194 3049 7.77      
2 A 3187 3043 13.10      
3 A 3179 3034 7.83      
4 A 3120 2978 13.26      
5 A 3099 2959 32.32      
6 A 3098 2957 2.96      
7 A 1870 1785 285.52      
8 A 1572 1501 0.92      
9 A 1545 1475 9.19      
10 A 1513 1445 14.27      
11 A 1397 1334 1.61      
12 A 1386 1323 1.26      
13 A 1345 1284 8.16      
14 A 1288 1230 6.73      
15 A 1244 1188 4.26      
16 A 1206 1151 3.06      
17 A 1143 1092 173.90      
18 A 1120 1069 53.74      
19 A 1051 1003 23.16      
20 A 1009 963 50.51      
21 A 944 901 2.46      
22 A 914 872 13.65      
23 A 891 851 17.99      
24 A 793 757 6.08      
25 A 683 652 6.50      
26 A 638 609 3.86      
27 A 533 509 2.01      
28 A 480 458 2.61      
29 A 216 206 3.78      
30 A 151 144 0.13      

Unscaled Zero Point Vibrational Energy (zpe) 21904.2 cm-1
Scaled (by 0.9546) Zero Point Vibrational Energy (zpe) 20909.8 cm-1
See section III.C.1 List or set vibrational scaling factors to change the scale factors used here.
See section III.C.2 Calculate a vibrational scaling factor for a given set of molecules to determine the least squares best scaling factor.
Rotational Constants (cm-1) from geometry optimized at mPW1PW91/3-21G
ABC
0.23952 0.11690 0.08389

See section I.F.4 to change rotational constant units
Geometric Data calculated at mPW1PW91/3-21G

Point Group is C1

Cartesians (Å)
Atom x (Å) y (Å) z (Å)
C1 0.898 0.003 0.005
C2 -0.029 1.207 0.191
C3 -1.397 0.675 -0.251
C4 -1.297 -0.812 0.141
O5 0.122 -1.153 -0.044
O6 2.106 -0.030 -0.079
H7 0.339 2.057 -0.383
H8 -0.032 1.473 1.256
H9 -1.498 0.765 -1.336
H10 -2.238 1.172 0.234
H11 -1.882 -1.475 -0.494
H12 -1.562 -0.964 1.191

Atom - Atom Distances (Å)
  C1 C2 C3 C4 O5 O6 H7 H8 H9 H10 H11 H12
C11.52992.40442.34531.39271.21172.16292.14172.84853.35433.18782.8970
C21.52991.53332.38492.37582.48171.08971.09712.16452.21033.33122.8398
C32.40441.53331.54102.38543.57732.22272.18391.09361.09062.21712.1894
C42.34532.38491.54101.47133.49863.34392.83972.17012.19831.08871.0939
O51.39272.37582.38541.47132.27933.23432.93332.82313.32482.07972.0971
O61.21172.48173.57733.49862.27932.75132.93413.89834.51834.26203.9921
H72.16291.08972.22273.34393.23432.75131.77902.43882.79354.17333.9011
H82.14171.09712.18392.83972.93332.93411.77903.06022.45013.89542.8781
H92.84852.16451.09362.17012.82313.89832.43883.06021.78252.42343.0631
H103.35432.21031.09062.19833.32484.51832.79352.45011.78252.76832.4373
H113.18783.33122.21711.08872.07974.26204.17333.89542.42342.76831.7904
H122.89702.83982.18941.09392.09713.99213.90112.87813.06312.43731.7904

picture of γ–Butyrolactone state 1 conformation 1
More geometry information
Calculated Bond Angles
atom1 atom2 atom3 angle atom1 atom2 atom3 angle
C1 C2 C3 103.431 C1 C2 H7 110.184
C1 C2 H8 108.099 C1 O5 C4 109.914
C2 C1 O5 108.673 C2 C1 O6 129.341
C2 C3 C4 101.751 C2 C3 H9 109.842
C2 C3 H10 113.714 C3 C2 H7 114.807
C3 C2 H8 111.166 C3 C4 O5 104.702
C3 C4 H11 113.831 C3 C4 H12 111.262
C4 C3 H9 109.747 C4 C3 H10 112.169
O5 C1 O6 121.981 O5 C4 H11 107.721
O5 C4 H12 108.780 H7 C2 H8 108.879
H9 C3 H10 109.387 H11 C4 H12 110.235
Electronic energy levels
Charges, Dipole, Quadrupole and Polarizability
Charges from optimized geometry at mPW1PW91/3-21G Charges (e)
Number Element Mulliken CHELPG AIM ESP
1 C 0.696      
2 C -0.561      
3 C -0.490      
4 C -0.184      
5 O -0.500      
6 O -0.481      
7 H 0.270      
8 H 0.270      
9 H 0.252      
10 H 0.240      
11 H 0.251      
12 H 0.238      


Electric dipole moments
Electric dipole components in Debye
(What's a Debye? See section VII.A.3)
  x y z Total
  -4.272 1.773 0.467 4.649
CHELPG        
AIM        
ESP        


Electric Quadrupole moment
Quadrupole components in D Å
Primitive
 xyz
x -39.521 2.079 0.266
y 2.079 -35.464 -0.080
z 0.266 -0.080 -33.306
Traceless
 xyz
x -5.136 2.079 0.266
y 2.079 0.950 -0.080
z 0.266 -0.080 4.186
Polar
3z2-r28.372
x2-y2-4.057
xy2.079
xz0.266
yz-0.080


Polarizabilities
Components of the polarizability tensor.
Units are Å3 (Angstrom cubed)
Change units.
  x y z
x 7.482 0.501 -0.139
y 0.501 5.732 0.037
z -0.139 0.037 4.783


<r2> (average value of r2) Å2
<r2> 141.668
(<r2>)1/2 11.902