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All results from a given calculation for C4H6O2 (γ–Butyrolactone)

using model chemistry: HF/6-311G**

19 10 17 12 22

States and conformations

State Conformation minimum conformation conformer description state description
1 1 yes C1 1A
Energy calculated at HF/6-311G**
 hartrees
Energy at 0K-304.781217
Energy at 298.15K 
HF Energy-304.781217
Nuclear repulsion energy243.377078
The energy at 298.15K was derived from the energy at 0K and an integrated heat capacity that used the calculated vibrational frequencies.
Vibrational Frequencies calculated at HF/6-311G**
Mode Number Symmetry Frequency
(cm-1)
Scaled Frequency
(cm-1)
IR Intensities
(km mol-1)
Raman Act
4/u)
Dep P Dep U
1 A 3280 2980 38.19 91.33 0.37 0.54
2 A 3275 2975 17.49 69.97 0.70 0.82
3 A 3252 2955 29.67 99.28 0.24 0.39
4 A 3199 2906 52.21 65.41 0.30 0.46
5 A 3197 2905 25.77 97.21 0.18 0.30
6 A 3194 2901 6.80 120.01 0.16 0.27
7 A 2050 1862 567.14 9.25 0.51 0.68
8 A 1660 1508 1.04 6.00 0.71 0.83
9 A 1623 1475 8.20 6.79 0.74 0.85
10 A 1588 1443 10.05 8.14 0.75 0.86
11 A 1538 1397 35.59 1.33 0.44 0.61
12 A 1468 1334 6.64 0.29 0.70 0.83
13 A 1434 1303 24.79 1.19 0.66 0.80
14 A 1373 1247 25.03 8.70 0.75 0.85
15 A 1330 1208 44.18 6.54 0.75 0.86
16 A 1307 1187 44.76 0.55 0.73 0.84
17 A 1305 1186 180.21 1.28 0.59 0.75
18 A 1201 1091 52.51 2.19 0.75 0.86
19 A 1192 1083 61.47 1.29 0.73 0.85
20 A 1078 979 7.75 5.47 0.71 0.83
21 A 998 906 6.93 9.17 0.10 0.19
22 A 970 881 11.05 1.60 0.38 0.55
23 A 951 864 10.26 7.41 0.10 0.18
24 A 875 795 6.72 5.08 0.15 0.27
25 A 739 672 10.49 3.26 0.44 0.61
26 A 696 632 6.30 1.85 0.68 0.81
27 A 583 529 6.68 1.46 0.73 0.84
28 A 534 485 6.85 1.59 0.49 0.66
29 A 223 202 3.09 0.14 0.74 0.85
30 A 154 140 0.80 0.39 0.73 0.84

Unscaled Zero Point Vibrational Energy (zpe) 23132.7 cm-1
Scaled (by 0.9085) Zero Point Vibrational Energy (zpe) 21016.0 cm-1
See section III.C.1 List or set vibrational scaling factors to change the scale factors used here.
See section III.C.2 Calculate a vibrational scaling factor for a given set of molecules to determine the least squares best scaling factor.
Rotational Constants (cm-1) from geometry optimized at HF/6-311G**
ABC
0.24772 0.12228 0.08720

See section I.F.4 to change rotational constant units
Geometric Data calculated at HF/6-311G**

Point Group is C1

Cartesians (Å)
Atom x (Å) y (Å) z (Å)
C1 0.880 -0.009 0.002
C2 -0.020 1.200 0.169
C3 -1.394 0.662 -0.220
C4 -1.249 -0.820 0.130
O5 0.128 -1.110 -0.047
O6 2.052 -0.031 -0.072
H7 0.342 2.024 -0.428
H8 0.021 1.497 1.214
H9 -1.557 0.779 -1.286
H10 -2.217 1.132 0.303
H11 -1.813 -1.480 -0.510
H12 -1.515 -1.019 1.163

Atom - Atom Distances (Å)
  C1 C2 C3 C4 O5 O6 H7 H8 H9 H10 H11 H12
C11.51662.38142.28151.33411.17432.14682.11572.86673.31423.11142.8467
C21.51661.52612.36442.32472.42181.08051.08662.15802.20193.29582.8542
C32.38141.52611.52942.34223.51802.21692.18061.08491.08232.20232.1801
C42.28152.36441.52941.41803.39963.30622.85562.15792.18571.07981.0849
O51.33412.32472.34221.41802.20623.16452.89792.81813.26302.02982.0420
O61.17432.42183.51803.39962.20622.69662.84793.89284.44014.15143.9015
H72.14681.08052.21693.30623.16452.69661.75382.42782.80714.11533.9042
H82.11571.08662.18062.85562.89792.84791.75383.04202.44343.89922.9486
H92.86672.15801.08492.15792.81813.89282.42783.04201.75662.40253.0385
H103.31422.20191.08232.18573.26304.44012.80712.44341.75662.76612.4210
H113.11143.29582.20231.07982.02984.15144.11533.89922.40252.76611.7613
H122.84672.85422.18011.08492.04203.90153.90422.94863.03852.42101.7613

picture of γ–Butyrolactone state 1 conformation 1
More geometry information
Calculated Bond Angles
atom1 atom2 atom3 angle atom1 atom2 atom3 angle
C1 C2 C3 103.012 C1 C2 H7 110.370
C1 C2 H8 107.572 C1 O5 C4 111.959
C2 C1 O5 109.101 C2 C1 O6 127.853
C2 C3 C4 101.396 C2 C3 H9 110.344
C2 C3 H10 114.085 C3 C2 H7 115.467
C3 C2 H8 112.054 C3 C4 O5 105.188
C3 C4 H11 114.036 C3 C4 H12 111.886
C4 C3 H9 110.101 C4 C3 H10 112.496
O5 C1 O6 123.045 O5 C4 H11 107.949
O5 C4 H12 108.622 H7 C2 H8 108.051
H9 C3 H10 108.293 H11 C4 H12 108.914
Electronic energy levels
Charges, Dipole, Quadrupole and Polarizability
Charges from optimized geometry at HF/6-311G** Charges (e)
Number Element Mulliken CHELPG AIM ESP
1 C 0.525      
2 C -0.280      
3 C -0.260      
4 C 0.107      
5 O -0.411      
6 O -0.425      
7 H 0.146      
8 H 0.141      
9 H 0.123      
10 H 0.120      
11 H 0.112      
12 H 0.103      


Electric dipole moments
Electric dipole components in Debye
(What's a Debye? See section VII.A.3)
  x y z Total
  -4.678 1.663 0.447 4.985
CHELPG        
AIM        
ESP        


Electric Quadrupole moment
Quadrupole components in D Å
Primitive
 xyz
x -41.158 1.968 0.293
y 1.968 -35.528 -0.131
z 0.293 -0.131 -33.414
Traceless
 xyz
x -6.687 1.968 0.293
y 1.968 1.758 -0.131
z 0.293 -0.131 4.929
Polar
3z2-r29.857
x2-y2-5.630
xy1.968
xz0.293
yz-0.131


Polarizabilities
Components of the polarizability tensor.
Units are Å3 (Angstrom cubed)
Change units.
  x y z
x 7.533 0.362 -0.065
y 0.362 6.114 0.007
z -0.065 0.007 5.275


<r2> (average value of r2) Å2
<r2> 137.698
(<r2>)1/2 11.734