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All results from a given calculation for C4H6O2 (γ–Butyrolactone)

using model chemistry: B3LYP/6-311G**

19 10 17 12 22

States and conformations

State Conformation minimum conformation conformer description state description
1 1 yes C1 1A
Energy calculated at B3LYP/6-311G**
 hartrees
Energy at 0K-306.577298
Energy at 298.15K 
HF Energy-306.577298
Nuclear repulsion energy240.443301
The energy at 298.15K was derived from the energy at 0K and an integrated heat capacity that used the calculated vibrational frequencies.
Vibrational Frequencies calculated at B3LYP/6-311G**
Mode Number Symmetry Frequency
(cm-1)
Scaled Frequency
(cm-1)
IR Intensities
(km mol-1)
Raman Act
4/u)
Dep P Dep U
1 A 3126 3022 11.90      
2 A 3116 3013 28.62      
3 A 3105 3002 16.94      
4 A 3057 2955 24.67      
5 A 3046 2944 6.54      
6 A 3036 2935 41.34      
7 A 1871 1809 401.97      
8 A 1528 1478 0.67      
9 A 1502 1452 7.09      
10 A 1468 1420 8.89      
11 A 1395 1349 14.81      
12 A 1345 1300 0.75      
13 A 1305 1262 7.62      
14 A 1260 1218 8.17      
15 A 1218 1177 10.24      
16 A 1198 1158 2.59      
17 A 1158 1119 220.09      
18 A 1097 1060 11.28      
19 A 1056 1021 75.48      
20 A 1007 974 20.57      
21 A 933 902 4.39      
22 A 895 866 9.64      
23 A 874 845 19.76      
24 A 802 775 4.68      
25 A 681 659 4.59      
26 A 640 619 4.89      
27 A 535 517 3.29      
28 A 489 473 3.19      
29 A 207 200 2.31      
30 A 151 146 0.76      

Unscaled Zero Point Vibrational Energy (zpe) 21549.2 cm-1
Scaled (by 0.9668) Zero Point Vibrational Energy (zpe) 20833.7 cm-1
See section III.C.1 List or set vibrational scaling factors to change the scale factors used here.
See section III.C.2 Calculate a vibrational scaling factor for a given set of molecules to determine the least squares best scaling factor.
Rotational Constants (cm-1) from geometry optimized at B3LYP/6-311G**
ABC
0.24271 0.11915 0.08504

See section I.F.4 to change rotational constant units
Geometric Data calculated at B3LYP/6-311G**

Point Group is C1

Cartesians (Å)
Atom x (Å) y (Å) z (Å)
C1 0.891 -0.002 0.003
C2 -0.026 1.207 0.168
C3 -1.405 0.669 -0.220
C4 -1.270 -0.820 0.129
O5 0.128 -1.134 -0.046
O6 2.083 -0.029 -0.071
H7 0.337 2.037 -0.436
H8 0.017 1.516 1.218
H9 -1.570 0.790 -1.293
H10 -2.232 1.145 0.308
H11 -1.840 -1.483 -0.520
H12 -1.540 -1.024 1.171

Atom - Atom Distances (Å)
  C1 C2 C3 C4 O5 O6 H7 H8 H9 H10 H11 H12
C11.52602.40162.31361.36561.19512.15842.13202.89163.34083.15032.8835
C21.52601.53022.37902.35542.45591.08911.09522.16682.21193.31702.8763
C32.40161.53021.53572.37223.56002.22552.19191.09281.09062.21602.1944
C42.31362.37901.53571.44293.45093.32692.88072.16932.19551.08941.0946
O51.36562.35542.37221.44292.24613.20182.93792.85243.29942.05432.0673
O61.19512.45593.56003.45092.24612.72982.88413.93824.48824.20843.9569
H72.15841.08912.22553.32693.20182.72981.76342.43512.81974.14013.9336
H82.13201.09522.19192.88072.93792.88411.76343.05802.45443.93242.9790
H92.89162.16681.09282.16932.85243.93822.43513.05801.76832.41533.0590
H103.34082.21191.09062.19553.29944.48822.81972.45441.76832.78282.4343
H113.15033.31702.21601.08942.05434.20844.14013.93242.41532.78281.7777
H122.88352.87632.19441.09462.06733.95693.93362.97903.05902.43431.7777

picture of γ–Butyrolactone state 1 conformation 1
More geometry information
Calculated Bond Angles
atom1 atom2 atom3 angle atom1 atom2 atom3 angle
C1 C2 C3 103.593 C1 C2 H7 110.128
C1 C2 H8 107.719 C1 O5 C4 110.906
C2 C1 O5 108.963 C2 C1 O6 128.574
C2 C3 C4 101.783 C2 C3 H9 110.285
C2 C3 H10 114.075 C3 C2 H7 115.315
C3 C2 H8 112.148 C3 C4 O5 105.543
C3 C4 H11 114.087 C3 C4 H12 111.996
C4 C3 H9 110.097 C4 C3 H10 112.328
O5 C1 O6 122.462 O5 C4 H11 107.621
O5 C4 H12 108.334 H7 C2 H8 107.674
H9 C3 H10 108.169 H11 C4 H12 108.977
Electronic energy levels
Charges, Dipole, Quadrupole and Polarizability
Charges from optimized geometry at B3LYP/6-311G** Charges (e)
Number Element Mulliken CHELPG AIM ESP
1 C 0.348      
2 C -0.289      
3 C -0.274      
4 C 0.005      
5 O -0.298      
6 O -0.307      
7 H 0.152      
8 H 0.150      
9 H 0.135      
10 H 0.129      
11 H 0.129      
12 H 0.122      


Electric dipole moments
Electric dipole components in Debye
(What's a Debye? See section VII.A.3)
  x y z Total
  -4.251 1.502 0.397 4.526
CHELPG        
AIM        
ESP        


Electric Quadrupole moment
Quadrupole components in D Å
Primitive
 xyz
x -40.396 1.844 0.250
y 1.844 -35.513 -0.090
z 0.250 -0.090 -33.607
Traceless
 xyz
x -5.836 1.844 0.250
y 1.844 1.489 -0.090
z 0.250 -0.090 4.347
Polar
3z2-r28.695
x2-y2-4.883
xy1.844
xz0.250
yz-0.090


Polarizabilities
Components of the polarizability tensor.
Units are Å3 (Angstrom cubed)
Change units.
  x y z
x 8.285 0.448 -0.083
y 0.448 6.740 0.016
z -0.083 0.016 5.584


<r2> (average value of r2) Å2
<r2> 140.322
(<r2>)1/2 11.846