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All results from a given calculation for C6H5CH3 (toluene)

using model chemistry: B3LYP/6-31G**

19 10 17 12 22

States and conformations

State Conformation minimum conformation conformer description state description
1 1 yes CS 1A'
Energy calculated at B3LYP/6-31G**
 hartrees
Energy at 0K-271.578779
Energy at 298.15K-271.586784
Nuclear repulsion energy268.713501
The energy at 298.15K was derived from the energy at 0K and an integrated heat capacity that used the calculated vibrational frequencies.
Vibrational Frequencies calculated at B3LYP/6-31G**
Mode Number Symmetry Frequency
(cm-1)
Scaled Frequency
(cm-1)
IR Intensities
(km mol-1)
Raman Act
4/u)
Dep P Dep U
1 A' 3205 3079 17.78      
2 A' 3184 3059 8.54      
3 A' 3170 3045 9.67      
4 A' 3097 2976 21.56      
5 A' 3037 2918 29.28      
6 A' 1665 1599 6.31      
7 A' 1542 1482 12.39      
8 A' 1502 1443 4.96      
9 A' 1426 1370 0.02      
10 A' 1235 1187 1.07      
11 A' 1209 1162 0.24      
12 A' 1066 1024 9.01      
13 A' 1057 1016 1.98      
14 A' 1017 977 0.06      
15 A' 996 957 0.04      
16 A' 912 876 0.36      
17 A' 801 769 0.67      
18 A' 747 718 37.58      
19 A' 712 684 10.83      
20 A' 528 508 0.59      
21 A' 477 458 5.10      
22 A' 211 203 1.65      
23 A" 3192 3067 43.71      
24 A" 3171 3047 6.24      
25 A" 3124 3002 16.29      
26 A" 1642 1578 0.37      
27 A" 1516 1456 10.75      
28 A" 1482 1423 0.02      
29 A" 1362 1309 0.00      
30 A" 1346 1293 0.11      
31 A" 1186 1140 0.07      
32 A" 1118 1074 4.28      
33 A" 1005 966 0.00      
34 A" 970 932 0.00      
35 A" 860 826 0.01      
36 A" 637 612 0.07      
37 A" 417 400 0.00      
38 A" 343 329 0.26      
39 A" 33 32 0.28      

Unscaled Zero Point Vibrational Energy (zpe) 28098.1 cm-1
Scaled (by 0.9608) Zero Point Vibrational Energy (zpe) 26996.7 cm-1
See section III.C.1 List or set vibrational scaling factors to change the scale factors used here.
See section III.C.2 Calculate a vibrational scaling factor for a given set of molecules to determine the least squares best scaling factor.
Rotational Constants (cm-1) from geometry optimized at B3LYP/6-31G**
ABC
0.18464 0.08372 0.05823

See section I.F.4 to change rotational constant units
Geometric Data calculated at B3LYP/6-31G**

Point Group is Cs

Cartesians (Å)
Atom x (Å) y (Å) z (Å)
C1 0.004 0.914 0.000
C2 0.008 0.194 1.202
C3 0.008 -1.201 1.205
C4 0.007 -1.905 0.000
C5 0.008 -1.201 -1.205
C6 0.008 0.194 -1.202
C7 -0.029 2.425 0.000
H8 0.012 0.734 2.146
H9 0.012 -1.738 2.150
H10 0.010 -2.991 0.000
H11 0.012 -1.738 -2.150
H12 0.012 0.734 -2.146
H13 -1.060 2.799 0.000
H14 0.465 2.836 0.885
H15 0.465 2.836 -0.885

Atom - Atom Distances (Å)
  C1 C2 C3 C4 C5 C6 C7 H8 H9 H10 H11 H12 H13 H14 H15
C11.40112.43402.81842.43401.40111.51112.15373.41373.90443.41372.15372.16492.16602.1660
C21.40111.39522.41892.78262.40462.53391.08742.15213.40443.86903.39183.06092.69983.3981
C32.43401.39521.39562.41042.78263.82072.15181.08652.15773.39743.87004.31164.07554.5692
C42.81842.41891.39561.39562.41894.32933.40142.15601.08612.15603.40144.82294.84454.8445
C52.43402.78262.41041.39561.39523.82073.87003.39742.15771.08652.15184.31164.56924.0755
C61.40112.40462.78262.41891.39522.53393.39183.86903.40442.15211.08743.06093.39812.6998
C71.51112.53393.82074.32933.82072.53392.73224.68515.41544.68512.73221.09731.09411.0941
H82.15371.08742.15183.40143.87003.39182.73222.47244.29904.95644.29253.16522.49263.7167
H93.41372.15211.08652.15603.39743.86904.68512.47242.48784.29904.95645.13374.76735.5081
H103.90443.40442.15771.08612.15773.40445.41544.29902.48782.48784.29905.88755.91135.9113
H113.41373.86903.39742.15601.08652.15214.68514.95644.29902.48782.47245.13375.50814.7673
H122.15373.39183.87003.40142.15181.08742.73224.29254.95644.29902.47243.16523.71672.4926
H132.16493.06094.31164.82294.31163.06091.09733.16525.13375.88755.13373.16521.76411.7641
H142.16602.69984.07554.84454.56923.39811.09412.49264.76735.91135.50813.71671.76411.7707
H152.16603.39814.56924.84454.07552.69981.09413.71675.50815.91134.76732.49261.76411.7707

picture of toluene state 1 conformation 1
More geometry information
Calculated Bond Angles
atom1 atom2 atom3 angle atom1 atom2 atom3 angle
C1 C2 C3 121.013 C1 C2 H8 119.336
C1 C6 C5 121.013 C1 C6 H12 119.336
C1 C7 H13 111.198 C1 C7 H14 111.482
C1 C7 H15 111.482 C2 C1 C6 118.208
C2 C1 C7 120.891 C2 C3 C4 120.163
C2 C3 H9 119.752 C3 C2 H8 119.651
C3 C4 C5 119.439 C3 C4 H10 120.280
C4 C3 H9 120.085 C4 C5 C6 120.163
C4 C5 H11 120.085 C5 C4 H10 120.280
C5 C6 H12 119.651 C6 C1 C7 120.891
C6 C5 H11 119.752 H13 C7 H14 107.219
H13 C7 H15 107.219 H14 C7 H15 108.026
Electronic energy levels

Electronic state

Charges, Dipole, Quadrupole and Polarizability
Charges from optimized geometry at B3LYP/6-31G** Charges (e)
Number Element Mulliken CHELPG AIM ESP
1 C 0.124      
2 C -0.119      
3 C -0.083      
4 C -0.089      
5 C -0.083      
6 C -0.119      
7 C -0.380      
8 H 0.075      
9 H 0.082      
10 H 0.082      
11 H 0.082      
12 H 0.075      
13 H 0.126      
14 H 0.113      
15 H 0.113      


Electric dipole moments
Electric dipole components in Debye
(What's a Debye? See section VII.A.3)
  x y z Total
  -0.043 0.340 0.000 0.342
CHELPG        
AIM        
ESP        


Electric Quadrupole moment
Quadrupole components in D Å
Primitive
 xyz
x -44.778 -0.117 0.000
y -0.117 -37.819 0.000
z 0.000 0.000 -38.317
Traceless
 xyz
x -6.711 -0.117 0.000
y -0.117 3.729 0.000
z 0.000 0.000 2.982
Polar
3z2-r25.964
x2-y2-6.959
xy-0.117
xz0.000
yz0.000


Polarizabilities
Components of the polarizability tensor.
Units are Å3 (Angstrom cubed)
Change units.
  x y z
x 4.647 -0.098 0.000
y -0.098 13.580 0.000
z 0.000 0.000 11.772


<r2> (average value of r2) Å2
<r2> 201.325
(<r2>)1/2 14.189