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All results from a given calculation for C4H4 (cyclobutadiene)

using model chemistry: PBE1PBE/6-31G**

19 10 17 12 22

States and conformations

State Conformation minimum conformation conformer description state description
1 1 yes D2H 1Ag
Energy calculated at PBE1PBE/6-31G**
 hartrees
Energy at 0K-154.483548
Energy at 298.15K-154.486623
HF Energy-154.483548
Nuclear repulsion energy98.982038
The energy at 298.15K was derived from the energy at 0K and an integrated heat capacity that used the calculated vibrational frequencies.
Vibrational Frequencies calculated at PBE1PBE/6-31G**
Mode Number Symmetry Frequency
(cm-1)
Scaled Frequency
(cm-1)
IR Intensities
(km mol-1)
Raman Act
(Å4/u)
Dep P Dep U
1 Ag 3292 3138 0.00      
2 Ag 1670 1592 0.00      
3 Ag 1137 1084 0.00      
4 Ag 982 935 0.00      
5 Au 881 839 0.00      
6 Au 542 517 0.00      
7 B1g 858 818 0.00      
8 B1u 3281 3128 24.28      
9 B1u 1682 1603 2.21      
10 B1u 1073 1022 0.44      
11 B2g 595 567 0.00      
12 B2u 3260 3107 12.57      
13 B2u 1280 1220 36.56      
14 B2u 746 711 7.97      
15 B3g 3243 3091 0.00      
16 B3g 1191 1135 0.00      
17 B3g 840 801 0.00      
18 B3u 595 567 128.88      

Unscaled Zero Point Vibrational Energy (zpe) 13573.7 cm-1
Scaled (by 0.9531) Zero Point Vibrational Energy (zpe) 12937.1 cm-1
See section III.C.1 List or set vibrational scaling factors to change the scale factors used here.
See section III.C.2 Calculate a vibrational scaling factor for a given set of molecules to determine the least squares best scaling factor.
Rotational Constants (cm-1) from geometry optimized at PBE1PBE/6-31G**
ABC
0.56889 0.43065 0.24510

See section I.F.4 to change rotational constant units
Geometric Data calculated at PBE1PBE/6-31G**

Point Group is D2h

Cartesians (Å)
Atom x (Å) y (Å) z (Å)
C1 0.000 0.666 0.784
C2 0.000 0.666 -0.784
C3 0.000 -0.666 0.784
C4 0.000 -0.666 -0.784
H5 0.000 1.438 1.546
H6 0.000 1.438 -1.546
H7 0.000 -1.438 1.546
H8 0.000 -1.438 -1.546

Atom - Atom Distances (Å)
  C1 C2 C3 C4 H5 H6 H7 H8
C11.56831.33232.05781.08402.45412.23743.1391
C21.56832.05781.33232.45411.08403.13912.2374
C31.33232.05781.56832.23743.13911.08402.4541
C42.05781.33231.56833.13912.23742.45411.0840
H51.08402.45412.23743.13913.09112.87534.2217
H62.45411.08403.13912.23743.09114.22172.8753
H72.23743.13911.08402.45412.87534.22173.0911
H83.13912.23742.45411.08404.22172.87533.0911

picture of cyclobutadiene state 1 conformation 1
More geometry information
Calculated Bond Angles
atom1 atom2 atom3 angle atom1 atom2 atom3 angle
C1 C2 C4 90.000 C1 C2 H6 134.622
C1 C3 C4 90.000 C1 C3 H7 135.378
C2 C1 C3 90.000 C2 C1 H5 134.622
C2 C4 C3 90.000 C3 C1 H5 135.378
C4 C2 H6 135.378 C4 C3 H7 134.622
Electronic energy levels
Charges, Dipole, Quadrupole and Polarizability
Charges from optimized geometry at PBE1PBE/6-31G** Charges (e)
Number Element Mulliken CHELPG AIM ESP
1 C -0.172      
2 C -0.172      
3 C -0.172      
4 C -0.172      
5 H 0.172      
6 H 0.172      
7 H 0.172      
8 H 0.172      


Electric dipole moments
Electric dipole components in Debye
(What's a Debye? See section VII.A.3)
  x y z Total
  0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000
CHELPG        
AIM        
ESP        


Electric Quadrupole moment
Quadrupole components in D Å
Primitive
 xyz
x -26.075 0.000 0.000
y 0.000 -20.323 0.000
z 0.000 0.000 -21.445
Traceless
 xyz
x -5.191 0.000 0.000
y 0.000 3.438 0.000
z 0.000 0.000 1.754
Polar
3z2-r23.507
x2-y2-5.753
xy0.000
xz0.000
yz0.000


Polarizabilities
Components of the polarizability tensor.
Units are Å3 (Angstrom cubed)
Change units.
  x y z
x 2.315 0.000 0.000
y 0.000 6.895 0.000
z 0.000 0.000 5.471


<r2> (average value of r2) Å2
<r2> 57.355
(<r2>)1/2 7.573