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All results from a given calculation for C4H8 (cyclobutane)

using model chemistry: HF/6-31G**

19 10 17 12 22

States and conformations

State Conformation minimum conformation conformer description state description
1 1 yes D2D 1A1
Energy calculated at HF/6-31G**
 hartrees
Energy at 0K-156.109731
Energy at 298.15K-156.119066
HF Energy-156.109731
Nuclear repulsion energy127.561539
The energy at 298.15K was derived from the energy at 0K and an integrated heat capacity that used the calculated vibrational frequencies.
Vibrational Frequencies calculated at HF/6-31G**
Mode Number Symmetry Frequency
(cm-1)
Scaled Frequency
(cm-1)
IR Intensities
(km mol-1)
Raman Act
4/u)
Dep P Dep U
1 A1 3241 2925 0.00      
2 A1 3214 2901 0.00      
3 A1 1660 1498 0.00      
4 A1 1286 1161 0.00      
5 A1 1080 975 0.00      
6 A1 205 185 0.00      
7 A2 1383 1249 0.00      
8 A2 1041 940 0.00      
9 B1 1387 1252 0.00      
10 B1 1284 1159 0.00      
11 B1 1014 915 0.00      
12 B2 3272 2954 144.87      
13 B2 3201 2889 12.68      
14 B2 1616 1458 2.90      
15 B2 963 869 0.18      
16 B2 684 618 1.80      
17 E 3253 2936 25.45      
17 E 3253 2936 25.45      
18 E 3204 2892 99.37      
18 E 3204 2892 99.37      
19 E 1616 1458 0.04      
19 E 1616 1458 0.04      
20 E 1430 1290 0.25      
20 E 1430 1290 0.25      
21 E 1361 1228 0.03      
21 E 1361 1228 0.03      
22 E 986 890 2.80      
22 E 986 890 2.80      
23 E 812 733 0.27      
23 E 812 733 0.27      

Unscaled Zero Point Vibrational Energy (zpe) 25924.4 cm-1
Scaled (by 0.9026) Zero Point Vibrational Energy (zpe) 23399.4 cm-1
See section III.C.1 List or set vibrational scaling factors to change the scale factors used here.
See section III.C.2 Calculate a vibrational scaling factor for a given set of molecules to determine the least squares best scaling factor.
Rotational Constants (cm-1) from geometry optimized at HF/6-31G**
ABC
0.36009 0.36009 0.21297

See section I.F.4 to change rotational constant units
Geometric Data calculated at HF/6-31G**

Point Group is D2d

Cartesians (Å)
Atom x (Å) y (Å) z (Å)
C1 0.000 1.078 0.125
C2 0.000 -1.078 0.125
C3 -1.078 0.000 -0.125
C4 1.078 0.000 -0.125
H5 0.000 1.411 1.158
H6 0.000 1.951 -0.518
H7 0.000 -1.411 1.158
H8 0.000 -1.951 -0.518
H9 -1.411 0.000 -1.158
H10 -1.951 0.000 0.518
H11 1.411 0.000 -1.158
H12 1.951 0.000 0.518

Atom - Atom Distances (Å)
  C1 C2 C3 C4 H5 H6 H7 H8 H9 H10 H11 H12
C12.15591.54491.54491.08541.08442.69513.09662.19102.26342.19102.2634
C22.15591.54491.54492.69513.09661.08541.08442.19102.26342.19102.2634
C31.54491.54492.15592.19102.26342.19102.26341.08541.08442.69513.0966
C41.54491.54492.15592.19102.26342.19102.26342.69513.09661.08541.0844
H51.08542.69512.19102.19101.76072.82273.75703.05742.49173.05742.4917
H61.08443.09662.26342.26341.76073.75703.90222.49172.94732.49172.9473
H72.69511.08542.19102.19102.82273.75701.76073.05742.49173.05742.4917
H83.09661.08442.26342.26343.75703.90221.76072.49172.94732.49172.9473
H92.19102.19101.08542.69513.05742.49173.05742.49171.76072.82273.7570
H102.26342.26341.08443.09662.49172.94732.49172.94731.76073.75703.9022
H112.19102.19102.69511.08543.05742.49173.05742.49172.82273.75701.7607
H122.26342.26343.09661.08442.49172.94732.49172.94733.75703.90221.7607

picture of cyclobutane state 1 conformation 1
More geometry information
Calculated Bond Angles
atom1 atom2 atom3 angle atom1 atom2 atom3 angle
C1 C3 C2 88.497 C1 C3 H9 111.620
C1 C3 H10 117.763 C1 C4 C2 88.497
C1 C4 H11 111.620 C1 C4 H12 117.763
C2 C3 H9 111.620 C2 C3 H10 117.763
C2 C4 H11 111.620 C2 C4 H12 117.763
C3 C1 C4 88.497 C3 C1 H5 111.620
C3 C1 H6 117.763 C3 C2 C4 88.497
C3 C2 H7 111.620 C3 C2 H8 117.763
C4 C1 H5 111.620 C4 C1 H6 117.763
C4 C2 H7 111.620 C4 C2 H8 117.763
H5 C1 H6 108.482 H7 C2 H8 108.482
H9 C3 H10 108.482 H11 C4 H12 108.482
Electronic energy levels

Electronic state

Charges, Dipole, Quadrupole and Polarizability
Charges from optimized geometry at HF/6-31G** Charges (e)
Number Element Mulliken CHELPG AIM ESP
1 C -0.229      
2 C -0.229      
3 C -0.229      
4 C -0.229      
5 H 0.117      
6 H 0.113      
7 H 0.117      
8 H 0.113      
9 H 0.117      
10 H 0.113      
11 H 0.117      
12 H 0.113      


Electric dipole moments
Electric dipole components in Debye
(What's a Debye? See section VII.A.3)
  x y z Total
  0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000
CHELPG        
AIM        
ESP        


Electric Quadrupole moment
Quadrupole components in D Å
Primitive
 xyz
x -27.231 0.000 0.000
y 0.000 -27.231 0.000
z 0.000 0.000 -25.925
Traceless
 xyz
x -0.653 0.000 0.000
y 0.000 -0.653 0.000
z 0.000 0.000 1.307
Polar
3z2-r22.614
x2-y20.000
xy0.000
xz0.000
yz0.000


Polarizabilities
Components of the polarizability tensor.
Units are Å3 (Angstrom cubed)
Change units.
  x y z
x 6.027 0.000 0.000
y 0.000 6.027 0.000
z 0.000 0.000 5.656


<r2> (average value of r2) Å2
<r2> 74.632
(<r2>)1/2 8.639