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All results from a given calculation for C4H8 (cyclobutane)

using model chemistry: B2PLYP/6-31G**

19 10 17 12 22

States and conformations

State Conformation minimum conformation conformer description state description
1 1 yes D2D 1A1
Energy calculated at B2PLYP/6-31G**
 hartrees
Energy at 0K-157.028079
Energy at 298.15K-157.037264
HF Energy-156.840840
Nuclear repulsion energy127.185140
The energy at 298.15K was derived from the energy at 0K and an integrated heat capacity that used the calculated vibrational frequencies.
Vibrational Frequencies calculated at B2PLYP/6-31G**
Mode Number Symmetry Frequency
(cm-1)
Scaled Frequency
(cm-1)
IR Intensities
(km mol-1)
Raman Act
4/u)
Dep P Dep U
1 A1 3143 3143 0.00      
2 A1 3106 3106 0.00      
3 A1 1560 1560 0.00      
4 A1 1201 1201 0.00      
5 A1 1038 1038 0.00      
6 A1 220 220 0.00      
7 A2 1277 1277 0.00      
8 A2 977 977 0.00      
9 B1 1288 1288 0.00      
10 B1 1190 1190 0.00      
11 B1 961 961 0.00      
12 B2 3172 3172 98.80      
13 B2 3099 3099 10.70      
14 B2 1526 1526 3.45      
15 B2 914 914 0.04      
16 B2 639 639 2.56      
17 E 3156 3156 19.93      
17 E 3156 3156 19.93      
18 E 3099 3099 74.32      
18 E 3099 3099 74.32      
19 E 1520 1520 0.04      
19 E 1520 1520 0.04      
20 E 1319 1319 0.43      
20 E 1319 1319 0.43      
21 E 1274 1274 0.20      
21 E 1274 1274 0.20      
22 E 934 934 2.15      
22 E 934 934 2.15      
23 E 769 769 0.56      
23 E 769 769 0.56      

Unscaled Zero Point Vibrational Energy (zpe) 24725.9 cm-1
Scaled (by 1) Zero Point Vibrational Energy (zpe) 24725.9 cm-1
See section III.C.1 List or set vibrational scaling factors to change the scale factors used here.
See section III.C.2 Calculate a vibrational scaling factor for a given set of molecules to determine the least squares best scaling factor.
Rotational Constants (cm-1) from geometry optimized at B2PLYP/6-31G**
ABC
0.35779 0.35779 0.21282

See section I.F.4 to change rotational constant units
Geometric Data calculated at B2PLYP/6-31G**

Point Group is D2d

Cartesians (Å)
Atom x (Å) y (Å) z (Å)
C1 0.000 1.078 0.136
C2 0.000 -1.078 0.136
C3 -1.078 0.000 -0.136
C4 1.078 0.000 -0.136
H5 0.000 1.381 1.186
H6 0.000 1.975 -0.485
H7 0.000 -1.381 1.186
H8 0.000 -1.975 -0.485
H9 -1.381 0.000 -1.186
H10 -1.975 0.000 0.485
H11 1.381 0.000 -1.186
H12 1.975 0.000 0.485

Atom - Atom Distances (Å)
  C1 C2 C3 C4 H5 H6 H7 H8 H9 H10 H11 H12
C12.15631.54901.54901.09221.09122.67363.11602.19502.27722.19502.2772
C22.15631.54901.54902.67363.11601.09221.09122.19502.27722.19502.2772
C31.54901.54902.15632.19502.27722.19502.27721.09221.09122.67363.1160
C41.54901.54902.15632.19502.27722.19502.27722.67363.11601.09221.0912
H51.09222.67362.19502.19501.77312.76193.74903.07232.51013.07232.5101
H61.09123.11602.27722.27721.77313.74903.95062.51012.95692.51012.9569
H72.67361.09222.19502.19502.76193.74901.77313.07232.51013.07232.5101
H83.11601.09122.27722.27723.74903.95061.77312.51012.95692.51012.9569
H92.19502.19501.09222.67363.07232.51013.07232.51011.77312.76193.7490
H102.27722.27721.09123.11602.51012.95692.51012.95691.77313.74903.9506
H112.19502.19502.67361.09223.07232.51013.07232.51012.76193.74901.7731
H122.27722.27723.11601.09122.51012.95692.51012.95693.74903.95061.7731

picture of cyclobutane state 1 conformation 1
More geometry information
Calculated Bond Angles
atom1 atom2 atom3 angle atom1 atom2 atom3 angle
C1 C3 C2 88.220 C1 C3 H9 111.242
C1 C3 H10 118.162 C1 C4 C2 88.220
C1 C4 H11 111.242 C1 C4 H12 118.162
C2 C3 H9 111.242 C2 C3 H10 118.162
C2 C4 H11 111.242 C2 C4 H12 118.162
C3 C1 C4 88.220 C3 C1 H5 111.242
C3 C1 H6 118.162 C3 C2 C4 88.220
C3 C2 H7 111.242 C3 C2 H8 118.162
C4 C1 H5 111.242 C4 C1 H6 118.162
C4 C2 H7 111.242 C4 C2 H8 118.162
H5 C1 H6 108.599 H7 C2 H8 108.599
H9 C3 H10 108.599 H11 C4 H12 108.599
Electronic energy levels
Charges, Dipole, Quadrupole and Polarizability
Charges from optimized geometry at B2PLYP/6-31G** Charges (e)
Number Element Mulliken CHELPG AIM ESP
1 C -0.200      
2 C -0.200      
3 C -0.200      
4 C -0.200      
5 H 0.103      
6 H 0.097      
7 H 0.103      
8 H 0.097      
9 H 0.103      
10 H 0.097      
11 H 0.103      
12 H 0.097      


Electric dipole moments
Electric dipole components in Debye
(What's a Debye? See section VII.A.3)
  x y z Total
  0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000
CHELPG        
AIM        
ESP        


Electric Quadrupole moment
Quadrupole components in D Å
Primitive
 xyz
x -27.040 0.000 0.000
y 0.000 -27.040 0.000
z 0.000 0.000 -25.806
Traceless
 xyz
x -0.617 0.000 0.000
y 0.000 -0.617 0.000
z 0.000 0.000 1.234
Polar
3z2-r22.468
x2-y20.000
xy0.000
xz0.000
yz0.000


Polarizabilities
Components of the polarizability tensor.
Units are Å3 (Angstrom cubed)
Change units.
  x y z
x 6.129 0.000 0.000
y 0.000 6.129 0.000
z 0.000 0.000 5.751


<r2> (average value of r2) Å2
<r2> 74.776
(<r2>)1/2 8.647