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All results from a given calculation for C4H8 (cyclobutane)

using model chemistry: HSEh1PBE/6-31G**

19 10 17 12 22

States and conformations

State Conformation minimum conformation conformer description state description
1 1 yes D2D 1A1
Energy calculated at HSEh1PBE/6-31G**
 hartrees
Energy at 0K-157.039235
Energy at 298.15K-157.048384
HF Energy-157.039235
Nuclear repulsion energy127.381190
The energy at 298.15K was derived from the energy at 0K and an integrated heat capacity that used the calculated vibrational frequencies.
Vibrational Frequencies calculated at HSEh1PBE/6-31G**
Mode Number Symmetry Frequency
(cm-1)
Scaled Frequency
(cm-1)
IR Intensities
(km mol-1)
Raman Act
(Å4/u)
Dep P Dep U
1 A1 3128 2985 0.00      
2 A1 3089 2948 0.00      
3 A1 1534 1464 0.00      
4 A1 1182 1128 0.00      
5 A1 1047 999 0.00      
6 A1 210 200 0.00      
7 A2 1259 1202 0.00      
8 A2 971 926 0.00      
9 B1 1272 1214 0.00      
10 B1 1180 1126 0.00      
11 B1 973 929 0.00      
12 B2 3157 3013 88.83      
13 B2 3082 2941 10.60      
14 B2 1497 1429 4.44      
15 B2 900 859 0.00      
16 B2 631 602 3.60      
17 E 3141 2998 19.54      
17 E 3141 2998 19.54      
18 E 3083 2942 73.49      
18 E 3083 2942 73.49      
19 E 1491 1422 0.49      
19 E 1491 1422 0.49      
20 E 1304 1245 1.42      
20 E 1304 1245 1.42      
21 E 1262 1205 0.26      
21 E 1262 1205 0.26      
22 E 941 898 2.81      
22 E 941 898 2.81      
23 E 761 726 0.74      
23 E 761 726 0.74      

Unscaled Zero Point Vibrational Energy (zpe) 24538.3 cm-1
Scaled (by 0.9543) Zero Point Vibrational Energy (zpe) 23416.9 cm-1
See section III.C.1 List or set vibrational scaling factors to change the scale factors used here.
See section III.C.2 Calculate a vibrational scaling factor for a given set of molecules to determine the least squares best scaling factor.
Rotational Constants (cm-1) from geometry optimized at HSEh1PBE/6-31G**
ABC
0.35926 0.35926 0.21374

See section I.F.4 to change rotational constant units
Geometric Data calculated at HSEh1PBE/6-31G**

Point Group is D2d

Cartesians (Å)
Atom x (Å) y (Å) z (Å)
C1 0.000 1.075 0.134
C2 0.000 -1.075 0.134
C3 -1.075 0.000 -0.134
C4 1.075 0.000 -0.134
H5 0.000 1.384 1.184
H6 0.000 1.973 -0.491
H7 0.000 -1.384 1.184
H8 0.000 -1.973 -0.491
H9 -1.384 0.000 -1.184
H10 -1.973 0.000 0.491
H11 1.384 0.000 -1.184
H12 1.973 0.000 0.491

Atom - Atom Distances (Å)
  C1 C2 C3 C4 H5 H6 H7 H8 H9 H10 H11 H12
C12.14991.54361.54361.09491.09382.67383.11102.19282.27472.19282.2747
C22.14991.54361.54362.67383.11101.09491.09382.19282.27472.19282.2747
C31.54361.54362.14992.19282.27472.19282.27471.09491.09382.67383.1110
C41.54361.54362.14992.19282.27472.19282.27472.67383.11101.09491.0938
H51.09492.67382.19282.19281.77582.76773.75143.07262.50743.07262.5074
H61.09383.11102.27472.27471.77583.75143.94522.50742.95752.50742.9575
H72.67381.09492.19282.19282.76773.75141.77583.07262.50743.07262.5074
H83.11101.09382.27472.27473.75143.94521.77582.50742.95752.50742.9575
H92.19282.19281.09492.67383.07262.50743.07262.50741.77582.76773.7514
H102.27472.27471.09383.11102.50742.95752.50742.95751.77583.75143.9452
H112.19282.19282.67381.09493.07262.50743.07262.50742.76773.75141.7758
H122.27472.27473.11101.09382.50742.95752.50742.95753.75143.94521.7758

picture of cyclobutane state 1 conformation 1
More geometry information
Calculated Bond Angles
atom1 atom2 atom3 angle atom1 atom2 atom3 angle
C1 C3 C2 88.274 C1 C3 H9 111.284
C1 C3 H10 118.187 C1 C4 C2 88.274
C1 C4 H11 111.284 C1 C4 H12 118.187
C2 C3 H9 111.284 C2 C3 H10 118.187
C2 C4 H11 111.284 C2 C4 H12 118.187
C3 C1 C4 88.274 C3 C1 H5 111.284
C3 C1 H6 118.187 C3 C2 C4 88.274
C3 C2 H7 111.284 C3 C2 H8 118.187
C4 C1 H5 111.284 C4 C1 H6 118.187
C4 C2 H7 111.284 C4 C2 H8 118.187
H5 C1 H6 108.457 H7 C2 H8 108.457
H9 C3 H10 108.457 H11 C4 H12 108.457
Electronic energy levels
Charges, Dipole, Quadrupole and Polarizability
Charges from optimized geometry at HSEh1PBE/6-31G** Charges (e)
Number Element Mulliken CHELPG AIM ESP
1 C -0.248      
2 C -0.248      
3 C -0.248      
4 C -0.248      
5 H 0.128      
6 H 0.121      
7 H 0.128      
8 H 0.121      
9 H 0.128      
10 H 0.121      
11 H 0.128      
12 H 0.121      


Electric dipole moments
Electric dipole components in Debye
(What's a Debye? See section VII.A.3)
  x y z Total
  0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000
CHELPG        
AIM        
ESP        


Electric Quadrupole moment
Quadrupole components in D Å
Primitive
 xyz
x -26.736 0.000 0.000
y 0.000 -26.736 0.000
z 0.000 0.000 -25.470
Traceless
 xyz
x -0.633 0.000 0.000
y 0.000 -0.633 0.000
z 0.000 0.000 1.266
Polar
3z2-r22.532
x2-y20.000
xy0.000
xz0.000
yz0.000


Polarizabilities
Components of the polarizability tensor.
Units are Å3 (Angstrom cubed)
Change units.
  x y z
x 6.201 0.000 0.000
y 0.000 6.201 0.000
z 0.000 0.000 5.814


<r2> (average value of r2) Å2
<r2> 74.398
(<r2>)1/2 8.625