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All results from a given calculation for C4H8Cl2 (Butane, 2,3-dichloro-, (r*,s*)-)

using model chemistry: mPW1PW91/6-31G**

19 10 17 12 22

States and conformations

State Conformation minimum conformation conformer description state description
1 1 yes CI 1Ag
Energy calculated at mPW1PW91/6-31G**
 hartrees
Energy at 0K-1077.638774
Energy at 298.15K-1077.647837
Nuclear repulsion energy369.187795
The energy at 298.15K was derived from the energy at 0K and an integrated heat capacity that used the calculated vibrational frequencies.
Vibrational Frequencies calculated at mPW1PW91/6-31G**
Mode Number Symmetry Frequency
(cm-1)
Scaled Frequency
(cm-1)
IR Intensities
(km mol-1)
Raman Act
4/u)
Dep P Dep U
1 Ag 3188 3034 0.00      
2 Ag 3180 3026 0.00      
3 Ag 3129 2977 0.00      
4 Ag 3091 2941 0.00      
5 Ag 1508 1434 0.00      
6 Ag 1506 1433 0.00      
7 Ag 1431 1362 0.00      
8 Ag 1406 1338 0.00      
9 Ag 1298 1235 0.00      
10 Ag 1193 1136 0.00      
11 Ag 1157 1101 0.00      
12 Ag 1043 992 0.00      
13 Ag 866 824 0.00      
14 Ag 717 682 0.00      
15 Ag 483 459 0.00      
16 Ag 349 332 0.00      
17 Ag 287 273 0.00      
18 Ag 237 226 0.00      
19 Au 3189 3034 13.46      
20 Au 3181 3027 24.19      
21 Au 3143 2990 7.78      
22 Au 3090 2940 17.05      
23 Au 1509 1436 18.80      
24 Au 1502 1429 10.16      
25 Au 1429 1360 24.61      
26 Au 1332 1267 4.50      
27 Au 1242 1182 38.55      
28 Au 1109 1056 9.88      
29 Au 1035 985 37.12      
30 Au 988 940 16.09      
31 Au 673 640 82.49      
32 Au 362 344 3.47      
33 Au 337 320 2.67      
34 Au 251 238 3.51      
35 Au 207 197 3.29      
36 Au 69 65 3.32      

Unscaled Zero Point Vibrational Energy (zpe) 25356.7 cm-1
Scaled (by 0.9515) Zero Point Vibrational Energy (zpe) 24126.9 cm-1
See section III.C.1 List or set vibrational scaling factors to change the scale factors used here.
See section III.C.2 Calculate a vibrational scaling factor for a given set of molecules to determine the least squares best scaling factor.
Rotational Constants (cm-1) from geometry optimized at mPW1PW91/6-31G**
ABC
0.12311 0.04748 0.03576

See section I.F.4 to change rotational constant units
Geometric Data calculated at mPW1PW91/6-31G**

Point Group is Ci

Cartesians (Å)
Atom x (Å) y (Å) z (Å)
Cl1 -0.952 1.184 -1.558
Cl2 0.952 -1.184 1.558
C3 -1.873 -0.438 0.404
C4 1.873 0.438 -0.404
C5 -0.655 0.392 0.050
C6 0.655 -0.392 -0.050
H7 -2.768 0.185 0.396
H8 2.768 -0.185 -0.396
H9 1.756 0.869 -1.400
H10 -1.756 -0.869 1.400
H11 -2.010 -1.249 -0.315
H12 2.010 1.249 0.315
H13 0.525 -1.217 -0.755
H14 -0.525 1.217 0.755

Atom - Atom Distances (Å)
  Cl1 Cl2 C3 C4 C5 C6 H7 H8 H9 H10 H11 H12 H13 H14
Cl14.35242.70713.14141.81722.70942.84854.13072.73093.68882.92973.50522.93092.3523
Cl24.35243.14142.70712.70941.81724.13072.84853.68882.73093.50522.92972.35232.9309
C32.70713.14143.93071.51582.56881.09054.71614.25781.09101.09244.23432.77432.1633
C43.14142.70713.93072.56881.51584.71611.09051.09104.25784.23431.09242.16332.7743
C51.81722.70941.51582.56881.53052.15103.49992.85352.15002.15942.81172.15171.0923
C62.70941.81722.56881.51581.53053.49992.15102.15002.85352.81172.15941.09232.1517
H72.84854.13071.09054.71612.15103.49995.60454.91511.77241.77074.89563.75892.4955
H84.13072.84854.71611.09053.49992.15105.60451.77244.91514.89561.77072.49553.7589
H92.73093.68884.25781.09102.85352.15004.91511.77244.81544.45451.77452.50653.1565
H103.68882.73091.09104.25782.15002.85351.77244.91514.81541.77454.45453.15652.5065
H112.92973.50521.09244.23432.15942.81171.77074.89564.45451.77454.77442.57253.0711
H123.50522.92974.23431.09242.81172.15944.89561.77071.77454.45454.77443.07112.5725
H132.93092.35232.77432.16332.15171.09233.75892.49552.50653.15652.57253.07113.0502
H142.35232.93092.16332.77431.09232.15172.49553.75893.15652.50653.07112.57253.0502

picture of Butane, 2,3-dichloro-, (r*,s*)- state 1 conformation 1
More geometry information
Calculated Bond Angles
atom1 atom2 atom3 angle atom1 atom2 atom3 angle
Cl1 C5 C3 108.290 Cl1 C5 C6 107.754
Cl1 C5 H14 105.156 Cl2 C6 C4 108.290
Cl2 C6 C5 107.754 Cl2 C6 H13 105.156
C3 C5 C6 114.973 C3 C5 H14 111.049
C4 C6 C5 114.973 C4 C6 H13 111.049
C5 C3 H7 110.176 C5 C3 H10 110.066
C5 C3 H11 110.727 C5 C6 H13 109.105
C6 C4 H8 110.176 C6 C4 H9 110.066
C6 C4 H12 110.727 C6 C5 H14 109.105
H7 C3 H10 108.673 H7 C3 H11 108.418
H8 C4 H9 108.673 H8 C4 H12 108.418
H9 C4 H12 108.726 H10 C3 H11 108.726
Electronic energy levels

Electronic state

Charges, Dipole, Quadrupole and Polarizability
Charges from optimized geometry at mPW1PW91/6-31G** Charges (e)
Number Element Mulliken CHELPG AIM ESP
1 Cl -0.070      
2 Cl -0.070      
3 C -0.381      
4 C -0.381      
5 C -0.228      
6 C -0.228      
7 H 0.159      
8 H 0.159      
9 H 0.170      
10 H 0.170      
11 H 0.153      
12 H 0.153      
13 H 0.196      
14 H 0.196      


Electric dipole moments
Electric dipole components in Debye
(What's a Debye? See section VII.A.3)
  x y z Total
  0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000
CHELPG        
AIM        
ESP        


Electric Quadrupole moment
Quadrupole components in D Å
Primitive
 xyz
x -49.821 2.106 -3.733
y 2.106 -52.675 3.584
z -3.733 3.584 -54.341
Traceless
 xyz
x 3.687 2.106 -3.733
y 2.106 -0.594 3.584
z -3.733 3.584 -3.093
Polar
3z2-r2-6.185
x2-y22.854
xy2.106
xz-3.733
yz3.584


Polarizabilities
Components of the polarizability tensor.
Units are Å3 (Angstrom cubed)
Change units.
  x y z
x 0.000 0.000 0.000
y 0.000 0.000 0.000
z 0.000 0.000 0.000


<r2> (average value of r2) Å2
<r2> 290.396
(<r2>)1/2 17.041