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All results from a given calculation for C5H10O (2-methylbutyraldehyde)

using model chemistry: M06-2X/6-31G**

19 10 17 12 22

States and conformations

State Conformation minimum conformation conformer description state description
1 1 yes C1 1A
Energy calculated at M06-2X/6-31G**
 hartrees
Energy at 0K-271.644877
Energy at 298.15K-271.655671
HF Energy-271.644877
Nuclear repulsion energy240.509922
The energy at 298.15K was derived from the energy at 0K and an integrated heat capacity that used the calculated vibrational frequencies.
Vibrational Frequencies calculated at M06-2X/6-31G**
Mode Number Symmetry Frequency
(cm-1)
Scaled Frequency
(cm-1)
IR Intensities
(km mol-1)
Raman Act
4/u)
Dep P Dep U
1 A 3176 3019 15.07      
2 A 3161 3004 19.42      
3 A 3158 3001 24.13      
4 A 3145 2989 27.92      
5 A 3099 2945 20.12      
6 A 3082 2929 11.63      
7 A 3068 2916 22.36      
8 A 3055 2903 23.42      
9 A 3024 2874 15.18      
10 A 2947 2801 111.91      
11 A 1890 1797 164.01      
12 A 1522 1447 2.37      
13 A 1516 1441 7.40      
14 A 1512 1437 7.78      
15 A 1507 1433 8.69      
16 A 1497 1422 0.88      
17 A 1446 1374 8.52      
18 A 1427 1356 3.92      
19 A 1421 1351 4.69      
20 A 1387 1318 3.93      
21 A 1371 1303 2.32      
22 A 1317 1252 1.52      
23 A 1280 1216 0.16      
24 A 1200 1141 2.08      
25 A 1183 1125 3.88      
26 A 1132 1076 2.51      
27 A 1064 1011 0.06      
28 A 1025 975 13.83      
29 A 979 931 7.41      
30 A 950 903 8.08      
31 A 921 875 10.07      
32 A 808 768 6.51      
33 A 784 745 2.96      
34 A 663 630 9.15      
35 A 410 390 0.76      
36 A 394 374 0.70      
37 A 301 286 6.55      
38 A 262 249 0.45      
39 A 231 219 2.14      
40 A 197 187 0.39      
41 A 110 104 2.16      
42 A 85 80 3.91      

Unscaled Zero Point Vibrational Energy (zpe) 31352.0 cm-1
Scaled (by 0.9504) Zero Point Vibrational Energy (zpe) 29796.9 cm-1
See section III.C.1 List or set vibrational scaling factors to change the scale factors used here.
See section III.C.2 Calculate a vibrational scaling factor for a given set of molecules to determine the least squares best scaling factor.
Rotational Constants (cm-1) from geometry optimized at M06-2X/6-31G**
ABC
0.23809 0.07036 0.05879

See section I.F.4 to change rotational constant units
Geometric Data calculated at M06-2X/6-31G**

Point Group is C1

Cartesians (Å)
Atom x (Å) y (Å) z (Å)
C1 -1.377 -0.697 0.197
C2 -0.085 0.062 0.408
C3 1.054 -0.707 -0.284
C4 2.435 -0.122 -0.001
C5 -0.219 1.508 -0.049
O6 -2.390 -0.219 -0.248
H7 -1.337 -1.774 0.478
H8 0.109 0.026 1.493
H9 1.029 -1.753 0.045
H10 0.869 -0.714 -1.365
H11 3.220 -0.745 -0.438
H12 2.539 0.883 -0.419
H13 2.617 -0.057 1.077
H14 -0.339 1.552 -1.136
H15 -1.102 1.971 0.396
H16 0.659 2.094 0.229

Atom - Atom Distances (Å)
  C1 C2 C3 C4 C5 O6 H7 H8 H9 H10 H11 H12 H13 H14 H15 H16
C11.51332.47843.86062.50301.20541.11322.09962.63202.73544.64044.26734.13992.81322.68973.4554
C21.51331.53842.55981.52272.41252.22301.10252.16042.15753.50502.87092.78652.16062.16342.1717
C32.47841.53841.52612.56573.47862.72752.14151.09731.09742.17102.17892.17152.78763.50472.8745
C43.86062.55981.52613.11544.83224.14622.76882.15442.16061.09271.09291.09483.43334.12952.8490
C52.50301.52272.56573.11542.78063.50682.16353.49352.80284.12942.85243.42991.09421.09171.0919
O61.20542.41253.47864.83222.78062.01343.05463.75883.47965.63695.05295.18192.85102.62023.8564
H71.11322.22302.72754.14623.50682.01342.52122.40593.06374.76064.78394.35243.82933.75284.3598
H82.09961.10252.14152.76882.16353.05462.52122.47163.04833.74153.20882.54453.07212.54032.4857
H92.63202.16041.09732.15443.49353.75882.40592.47161.75872.45943.07282.54263.76734.30553.8695
H102.73542.15751.09742.16062.80283.47963.06373.04831.75872.52752.49703.07482.57863.76783.2360
H114.64043.50502.17101.09274.12945.63694.76063.74152.45942.52751.76381.76914.29265.17203.8804
H124.26732.87092.17891.09292.85245.05294.78393.20883.07282.49701.76381.76873.04043.88702.3283
H134.13992.78652.17151.09483.42995.18194.35242.54452.54263.07481.76911.76874.02824.29133.0301
H142.81322.16062.78763.43331.09422.85103.82933.07213.76732.57864.29263.04044.02821.76151.7752
H152.68972.16343.50474.12951.09172.62023.75282.54034.30553.76785.17203.88704.29131.76151.7740
H163.45542.17172.87452.84901.09193.85644.35982.48573.86953.23603.88042.32833.03011.77521.7740

picture of 2-methylbutyraldehyde state 1 conformation 1
More geometry information
Calculated Bond Angles
atom1 atom2 atom3 angle atom1 atom2 atom3 angle
C1 C2 C3 108.612 C1 C2 C5 111.065
C1 C2 H8 105.694 C2 C1 O6 124.711
C2 C1 H7 114.792 C2 C3 C4 113.294
C2 C3 H9 108.959 C2 C3 H10 108.721
C2 C5 H14 110.234 C2 C5 H15 110.607
C2 C5 H16 111.254 C3 C2 C5 113.894
C3 C2 H8 107.216 C3 C4 H11 110.903
C3 C4 H12 111.523 C3 C4 H13 110.822
C4 C3 H9 109.328 C4 C3 H10 109.799
C5 C2 H8 109.968 O6 C1 H7 120.495
H9 C3 H10 106.513 H11 C4 H12 107.610
H11 C4 H13 107.939 H12 C4 H13 107.890
H14 C5 H15 107.382 H14 C5 H16 108.589
H15 C5 H16 108.664
Electronic energy levels
Charges, Dipole, Quadrupole and Polarizability
Charges from optimized geometry at M06-2X/6-31G** Charges (e)
Number Element Mulliken CHELPG AIM ESP
1 C 0.301      
2 C -0.186      
3 C -0.227      
4 C -0.363      
5 C -0.349      
6 O -0.403      
7 H 0.083      
8 H 0.131      
9 H 0.117      
10 H 0.126      
11 H 0.129      
12 H 0.129      
13 H 0.122      
14 H 0.130      
15 H 0.142      
16 H 0.119      


Electric dipole moments
Electric dipole components in Debye
(What's a Debye? See section VII.A.3)
  x y z Total
  2.513 -0.536 0.806 2.693
CHELPG        
AIM        
ESP        


Electric Quadrupole moment
Quadrupole components in D Å
Primitive
 xyz
x -45.467 0.159 -1.814
y 0.159 -36.966 -0.282
z -1.814 -0.282 -37.340
Traceless
 xyz
x -8.314 0.159 -1.814
y 0.159 4.437 -0.282
z -1.814 -0.282 3.877
Polar
3z2-r27.754
x2-y2-8.500
xy0.159
xz-1.814
yz-0.282


Polarizabilities
Components of the polarizability tensor.
Units are Å3 (Angstrom cubed)
Change units.
  x y z
x 9.408 -0.242 0.281
y -0.242 8.177 -0.250
z 0.281 -0.250 6.960


<r2> (average value of r2) Å2
<r2> 201.992
(<r2>)1/2 14.212