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All results from a given calculation for C4H6O2 (γ–Butyrolactone)

using model chemistry: B1B95/6-31G**

19 10 17 12 22

States and conformations

State Conformation minimum conformation conformer description state description
1 1 yes C1 1A
Energy calculated at B1B95/6-31G**
 hartrees
Energy at 0K-306.368197
Energy at 298.15K 
HF Energy-306.368197
Nuclear repulsion energy241.761782
The energy at 298.15K was derived from the energy at 0K and an integrated heat capacity that used the calculated vibrational frequencies.
Vibrational Frequencies calculated at B1B95/6-31G**
Mode Number Symmetry Frequency
(cm-1)
Scaled Frequency
(cm-1)
IR Intensities
(km mol-1)
Raman Act
4/u)
Dep P Dep U
1 A 3187 3043 7.07      
2 A 3175 3031 23.36      
3 A 3166 3023 16.17      
4 A 3111 2971 19.19      
5 A 3098 2958 5.06      
6 A 3086 2947 41.62      
7 A 1931 1843 387.54      
8 A 1555 1484 0.54      
9 A 1523 1454 6.55      
10 A 1490 1422 8.54      
11 A 1421 1357 26.74      
12 A 1366 1304 3.35      
13 A 1327 1267 15.49      
14 A 1278 1220 12.54      
15 A 1240 1184 38.97      
16 A 1212 1158 15.91      
17 A 1210 1155 172.93      
18 A 1113 1063 41.96      
19 A 1101 1051 40.43      
20 A 1031 985 14.19      
21 A 960 917 3.23      
22 A 910 869 9.07      
23 A 895 855 8.77      
24 A 824 787 4.01      
25 A 688 657 5.69      
26 A 639 610 4.45      
27 A 529 506 2.95      
28 A 492 470 3.77      
29 A 214 204 2.20      
30 A 152 145 0.79      

Unscaled Zero Point Vibrational Energy (zpe) 21962.4 cm-1
Scaled (by 0.9548) Zero Point Vibrational Energy (zpe) 20969.7 cm-1
See section III.C.1 List or set vibrational scaling factors to change the scale factors used here.
See section III.C.2 Calculate a vibrational scaling factor for a given set of molecules to determine the least squares best scaling factor.
Rotational Constants (cm-1) from geometry optimized at B1B95/6-31G**
ABC
0.24543 0.12051 0.08623

See section I.F.4 to change rotational constant units
Geometric Data calculated at B1B95/6-31G**

Point Group is C1

Cartesians (Å)
Atom x (Å) y (Å) z (Å)
C1 0.880 -0.002 0.004
C2 -0.030 1.198 0.179
C3 -1.392 0.662 -0.233
C4 -1.258 -0.813 0.135
O5 0.124 -1.126 -0.045
O6 2.075 -0.028 -0.076
H7 0.338 2.041 -0.404
H8 -0.006 1.487 1.235
H9 -1.531 0.768 -1.312
H10 -2.233 1.143 0.268
H11 -1.836 -1.484 -0.499
H12 -1.524 -0.999 1.180

Atom - Atom Distances (Å)
  C1 C2 C3 C4 O5 O6 H7 H8 H9 H10 H11 H12
C11.51652.37902.29041.35571.19722.15282.12522.85293.32723.13532.8566
C21.51651.51972.35612.33962.44921.08891.09512.15812.20453.30362.8390
C32.37901.51971.52622.35143.53782.21842.18051.09271.09042.20802.1850
C42.29042.35611.52621.42783.43003.31362.83982.16042.18921.08971.0948
O51.35572.33962.35141.42782.23883.19432.91212.81603.28592.04352.0578
O61.19722.44923.53783.43002.23882.72112.88793.89384.47664.19463.9336
H72.15281.08892.21843.31363.19432.72111.76362.43652.80434.14283.9009
H82.12521.09512.18052.83982.91212.88791.76363.05382.45173.89642.9130
H92.85292.15811.09272.16042.81603.89382.43653.05381.76832.41393.0549
H103.32722.20451.09042.18923.28594.47662.80432.45171.76832.76522.4332
H113.13533.30362.20801.08972.04354.19464.14283.89642.41392.76521.7758
H122.85662.83902.18501.09482.05783.93363.90092.91303.05492.43321.7758

picture of γ–Butyrolactone state 1 conformation 1
More geometry information
Calculated Bond Angles
atom1 atom2 atom3 angle atom1 atom2 atom3 angle
C1 C2 C3 103.170 C1 C2 H7 110.356
C1 C2 H8 107.837 C1 O5 C4 110.710
C2 C1 O5 108.960 C2 C1 O6 128.602
C2 C3 C4 101.343 C2 C3 H9 110.332
C2 C3 H10 114.259 C3 C2 H7 115.524
C3 C2 H8 111.981 C3 C4 O5 105.452
C3 C4 H11 114.112 C3 C4 H12 111.896
C4 C3 H9 110.061 C4 C3 H10 112.518
O5 C1 O6 122.437 O5 C4 H11 107.774
O5 C4 H12 108.599 H7 C2 H8 107.707
H9 C3 H10 108.202 H11 C4 H12 108.762
Electronic energy levels
Charges, Dipole, Quadrupole and Polarizability
Charges from optimized geometry at B1B95/6-31G** Charges (e)
Number Element Mulliken CHELPG AIM ESP
1 C 0.628      
2 C -0.435      
3 C -0.362      
4 C -0.071      
5 O -0.452      
6 O -0.458      
7 H 0.211      
8 H 0.206      
9 H 0.189      
10 H 0.182      
11 H 0.186      
12 H 0.174      


Electric dipole moments
Electric dipole components in Debye
(What's a Debye? See section VII.A.3)
  x y z Total
  -4.235 1.483 0.411 4.506
CHELPG        
AIM        
ESP        


Electric Quadrupole moment
Quadrupole components in D Å
Primitive
 xyz
x -39.603 1.745 0.275
y 1.745 -34.679 -0.082
z 0.275 -0.082 -32.994
Traceless
 xyz
x -5.766 1.745 0.275
y 1.745 1.619 -0.082
z 0.275 -0.082 4.147
Polar
3z2-r28.294
x2-y2-4.924
xy1.745
xz0.275
yz-0.082


Polarizabilities
Components of the polarizability tensor.
Units are Å3 (Angstrom cubed)
Change units.
  x y z
x 7.799 0.454 -0.111
y 0.454 6.218 0.028
z -0.111 0.028 5.260


<r2> (average value of r2) Å2
<r2> 138.430
(<r2>)1/2 11.766