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All results from a given calculation for C4H6O2 (γ–Butyrolactone)

using model chemistry: B2PLYP/6-31G**

19 10 17 12 22

States and conformations

State Conformation minimum conformation conformer description state description
1 1 yes C1 1A
Energy calculated at B2PLYP/6-31G**
 hartrees
Energy at 0K-306.196951
Energy at 298.15K 
HF Energy-305.898405
Nuclear repulsion energy240.345811
The energy at 298.15K was derived from the energy at 0K and an integrated heat capacity that used the calculated vibrational frequencies.
Vibrational Frequencies calculated at B2PLYP/6-31G**
Mode Number Symmetry Frequency
(cm-1)
Scaled Frequency
(cm-1)
IR Intensities
(km mol-1)
Raman Act
4/u)
Dep P Dep U
1 A 3188 3188 9.91      
2 A 3178 3178 26.44      
3 A 3168 3168 12.56      
4 A 3114 3114 19.33      
5 A 3104 3104 5.98      
6 A 3092 3092 42.77      
7 A 1879 1879 337.41      
8 A 1562 1562 0.52      
9 A 1533 1533 4.33      
10 A 1501 1501 6.96      
11 A 1420 1420 18.15      
12 A 1371 1371 2.53      
13 A 1331 1331 9.80      
14 A 1278 1278 8.39      
15 A 1239 1239 15.50      
16 A 1214 1214 4.45      
17 A 1189 1189 207.90      
18 A 1113 1113 9.17      
19 A 1077 1077 67.97      
20 A 1022 1022 20.59      
21 A 951 951 4.53      
22 A 910 910 9.73      
23 A 890 890 16.84      
24 A 814 814 5.14      
25 A 683 683 4.65      
26 A 642 642 4.34      
27 A 532 532 3.59      
28 A 487 487 3.54      
29 A 216 216 2.43      
30 A 153 153 0.62      

Unscaled Zero Point Vibrational Energy (zpe) 21925.5 cm-1
Scaled (by 1) Zero Point Vibrational Energy (zpe) 21925.5 cm-1
See section III.C.1 List or set vibrational scaling factors to change the scale factors used here.
See section III.C.2 Calculate a vibrational scaling factor for a given set of molecules to determine the least squares best scaling factor.
Rotational Constants (cm-1) from geometry optimized at B2PLYP/6-31G**
ABC
0.24282 0.11896 0.08509

See section I.F.4 to change rotational constant units
Geometric Data calculated at B2PLYP/6-31G**

Point Group is C1

Cartesians (Å)
Atom x (Å) y (Å) z (Å)
C1 0.887 -0.002 0.004
C2 -0.028 1.204 0.178
C3 -1.398 0.669 -0.232
C4 -1.272 -0.814 0.134
O5 0.123 -1.137 -0.046
O6 2.089 -0.029 -0.075
H7 0.340 2.043 -0.411
H8 -0.001 1.497 1.232
H9 -1.541 0.777 -1.309
H10 -2.235 1.151 0.273
H11 -1.849 -1.481 -0.504
H12 -1.540 -1.001 1.178

Atom - Atom Distances (Å)
  C1 C2 C3 C4 O5 O6 H7 H8 H9 H10 H11 H12
C11.52362.39282.30991.36871.20512.15672.13092.86753.33813.15142.8743
C21.52361.52732.37142.35632.46261.08831.09402.16372.20953.31572.8546
C32.39281.52731.53242.36773.55942.22292.18601.09171.08982.21332.1897
C42.30992.37141.53241.44253.45753.32512.85622.16472.19251.08881.0938
O51.36872.35632.36771.44252.25693.20752.92922.83273.30002.05362.0684
O61.20512.46263.55943.45752.25692.73162.89883.91724.49494.21923.9598
H72.15671.08832.22293.32513.20752.73161.76402.43852.80924.14963.9140
H82.13091.09402.18602.85622.92922.89881.76403.05642.45463.91082.9335
H92.86752.16371.09172.16472.83273.91722.43853.05641.76772.41703.0570
H103.33812.20951.08982.19253.30004.49492.80922.45461.76772.77132.4354
H113.15143.31572.21331.08882.05364.21924.14963.91082.41702.77131.7766
H122.87432.85462.18971.09382.06843.95983.91402.93353.05702.43541.7766

picture of γ–Butyrolactone state 1 conformation 1
More geometry information
Calculated Bond Angles
atom1 atom2 atom3 angle atom1 atom2 atom3 angle
C1 C2 C3 103.309 C1 C2 H7 110.215
C1 C2 H8 107.867 C1 O5 C4 110.472
C2 C1 O5 108.993 C2 C1 O6 128.595
C2 C3 C4 101.618 C2 C3 H9 110.303
C2 C3 H10 114.148 C3 C2 H7 115.369
C3 C2 H8 111.948 C3 C4 O5 105.437
C3 C4 H11 114.146 C3 C4 H12 111.901
C4 C3 H9 110.024 C4 C3 H10 112.371
O5 C1 O6 122.410 O5 C4 H11 107.617
O5 C4 H12 108.497 H7 C2 H8 107.866
H9 C3 H10 108.255 H11 C4 H12 108.970
Electronic energy levels
Charges, Dipole, Quadrupole and Polarizability
Charges from optimized geometry at B2PLYP/6-31G** Charges (e)
Number Element Mulliken CHELPG AIM ESP
1 C 0.609      
2 C -0.305      
3 C -0.247      
4 C 0.053      
5 O -0.471      
6 O -0.445      
7 H 0.151      
8 H 0.149      
9 H 0.133      
10 H 0.123      
11 H 0.130      
12 H 0.121      


Electric dipole moments
Electric dipole components in Debye
(What's a Debye? See section VII.A.3)
  x y z Total
  -4.212 1.504 0.405 4.490
CHELPG        
AIM        
ESP        


Electric Quadrupole moment
Quadrupole components in D Å
Primitive
 xyz
x -39.950 1.775 0.266
y 1.775 -35.221 -0.102
z 0.266 -0.102 -33.426
Traceless
 xyz
x -5.626 1.775 0.266
y 1.775 1.467 -0.102
z 0.266 -0.102 4.159
Polar
3z2-r28.319
x2-y2-4.728
xy1.775
xz0.266
yz-0.102


Polarizabilities
Components of the polarizability tensor.
Units are Å3 (Angstrom cubed)
Change units.
  x y z
x 7.932 0.467 -0.118
y 0.467 6.264 0.029
z -0.118 0.029 5.278


<r2> (average value of r2) Å2
<r2> 140.096
(<r2>)1/2 11.836