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All results from a given calculation for C4H6O2 (γ–Butyrolactone)

using model chemistry: PBEPBEultrafine/6-31G**

19 10 17 12 22

States and conformations

State Conformation minimum conformation conformer description state description
1 1 yes C1 1A
Energy calculated at PBEPBEultrafine/6-31G**
 hartrees
Energy at 0K-306.141241
Energy at 298.15K 
HF Energy-306.141241
Nuclear repulsion energy238.933417
The energy at 298.15K was derived from the energy at 0K and an integrated heat capacity that used the calculated vibrational frequencies.
Vibrational Frequencies calculated at PBEPBEultrafine/6-31G**
Mode Number Symmetry Frequency
(cm-1)
Scaled Frequency
(cm-1)
IR Intensities
(km mol-1)
Raman Act
4/u)
Dep P Dep U
1 A 3086 3044 6.94      
2 A 3072 3030 18.94      
3 A 3057 3015 20.42      
4 A 3013 2971 19.30      
5 A 3000 2959 5.71      
6 A 2976 2935 43.73      
7 A 1837 1812 324.27      
8 A 1485 1464 0.37      
9 A 1458 1438 5.24      
10 A 1425 1405 7.61      
11 A 1352 1334 15.78      
12 A 1303 1285 2.04      
13 A 1261 1244 8.14      
14 A 1220 1204 5.45      
15 A 1182 1165 12.47      
16 A 1158 1142 2.11      
17 A 1128 1113 185.64      
18 A 1059 1045 11.25      
19 A 1033 1019 55.67      
20 A 986 973 25.78      
21 A 921 908 3.27      
22 A 872 860 7.75      
23 A 852 840 16.34      
24 A 785 774 3.60      
25 A 662 653 3.39      
26 A 616 608 4.20      
27 A 511 504 2.04      
28 A 470 464 2.61      
29 A 208 205 1.81      
30 A 152 149 0.84      

Unscaled Zero Point Vibrational Energy (zpe) 21068.6 cm-1
Scaled (by 0.9863) Zero Point Vibrational Energy (zpe) 20780.0 cm-1
See section III.C.1 List or set vibrational scaling factors to change the scale factors used here.
See section III.C.2 Calculate a vibrational scaling factor for a given set of molecules to determine the least squares best scaling factor.
Rotational Constants (cm-1) from geometry optimized at PBEPBEultrafine/6-31G**
ABC
0.23997 0.11769 0.08412

See section I.F.4 to change rotational constant units
Geometric Data calculated at PBEPBEultrafine/6-31G**

Point Group is C1

Cartesians (Å)
Atom x (Å) y (Å) z (Å)
C1 0.892 0.002 0.003
C2 -0.032 1.211 0.174
C3 -1.408 0.670 -0.228
C4 -1.274 -0.820 0.132
O5 0.126 -1.145 -0.046
O6 2.101 -0.027 -0.073
H7 0.335 2.057 -0.422
H8 0.001 1.514 1.236
H9 -1.561 0.785 -1.314
H10 -2.252 1.151 0.289
H11 -1.858 -1.493 -0.514
H12 -1.547 -1.016 1.186

Atom - Atom Distances (Å)
  C1 C2 C3 C4 O5 O6 H7 H8 H9 H10 H11 H12
C11.53062.40572.32031.37991.21172.17102.14412.89213.35913.17222.8956
C21.53061.53172.38072.37072.47841.09881.10512.17562.22343.33372.8768
C32.40571.53171.53882.38293.58042.23602.20041.10251.10032.22732.2046
C42.32032.38071.53881.44813.47283.34292.87962.17922.20591.10051.1059
O51.37992.37072.38291.44812.26913.23052.95382.85953.32202.06782.0816
O61.21172.47843.58043.47282.26912.75382.91473.95074.52374.24403.9839
H72.17101.09882.23603.34293.23052.75381.77722.45142.83184.17333.9463
H82.14411.10512.20042.87962.95382.91471.77723.07842.47133.94442.9664
H92.89212.17561.10252.17922.85953.95072.45143.07841.78282.43153.0805
H103.35912.22341.10032.20593.32204.52372.83182.47131.78282.79072.4488
H113.17223.33372.22731.10052.06784.24404.17333.94442.43152.79071.7928
H122.89562.87682.20461.10592.08163.98393.94632.96643.08052.44881.7928

picture of γ–Butyrolactone state 1 conformation 1
More geometry information
Calculated Bond Angles
atom1 atom2 atom3 angle atom1 atom2 atom3 angle
C1 C2 C3 103.547 C1 C2 H7 110.228
C1 C2 H8 107.778 C1 O5 C4 110.239
C2 C1 O5 108.967 C2 C1 O6 128.940
C2 C3 C4 101.668 C2 C3 H9 110.296
C2 C3 H10 114.295 C3 C2 H7 115.437
C3 C2 H8 112.115 C3 C4 O5 105.797
C3 C4 H11 114.078 C3 C4 H12 111.899
C4 C3 H9 110.084 C4 C3 H10 112.340
O5 C1 O6 122.090 O5 C4 H11 107.679
O5 C4 H12 108.441 H7 C2 H8 107.486
H9 C3 H10 108.056 H11 C4 H12 108.698
Electronic energy levels
Charges, Dipole, Quadrupole and Polarizability
Charges from optimized geometry at PBEPBEultrafine/6-31G** Charges (e)
Number Element Mulliken CHELPG AIM ESP
1 C 0.556      
2 C -0.325      
3 C -0.267      
4 C -0.002      
5 O -0.405      
6 O -0.423      
7 H 0.159      
8 H 0.160      
9 H 0.144      
10 H 0.131      
11 H 0.138      
12 H 0.131      


Electric dipole moments
Electric dipole components in Debye
(What's a Debye? See section VII.A.3)
  x y z Total
  -4.034 1.404 0.377 4.288
CHELPG        
AIM        
ESP        


Electric Quadrupole moment
Quadrupole components in D Å
Primitive
 xyz
x -39.481 1.685 0.261
y 1.685 -34.749 -0.064
z 0.261 -0.064 -33.262
Traceless
 xyz
x -5.476 1.685 0.261
y 1.685 1.622 -0.064
z 0.261 -0.064 3.854
Polar
3z2-r27.707
x2-y2-4.732
xy1.685
xz0.261
yz-0.064


Polarizabilities
Components of the polarizability tensor.
Units are Å3 (Angstrom cubed)
Change units.
  x y z
x 8.296 0.500 -0.117
y 0.500 6.605 0.031
z -0.117 0.031 5.461


<r2> (average value of r2) Å2
<r2> 141.261
(<r2>)1/2 11.885